Rapid urbanization and industrialization will keep China's
coal consumption at record highs of around 4 billion tons per year by 2015.
U.S.
Coal Consumption at Manufacturing Plants by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Code
Not exact matches
The scientists estimate that cold technology could cut the energy
consumption and cost of CO2 capture by as much as 30 per cent in one of the «green»
coal - fired power stations that the world is currently sniffing
at.
But no operating
coal - to - liquid plants exist in the U.S., and researchers
at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology estimate it will cost $ 70 billion to build enough plants to replace 10 percent of American gasoline
consumption.
Coal consumption is soaring, and according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration, the country burned 325 million tons last year alone, putting China's coal demand at 47 percent of global consumption (ClimateWire, Jan.
Coal consumption is soaring, and according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration, the country burned 325 million tons last year alone, putting China's
coal demand at 47 percent of global consumption (ClimateWire, Jan.
coal demand
at 47 percent of global
consumption (ClimateWire, Jan. 30).
China plans to limit its annual
coal consumption to 4.2 billion tons
at the end of the decade, but its current production capacity has already surpassed 4 billion tons, with an additional 1 billion tons in the pipeline.
Keeping in mind the enormous stake that panel members ExxonMobil and Shell have in the oil, natural gas and
coal industries, here is a look
at the panel's take on why oil and
coal have been so difficult to replace by the following alternative energy sources: Natural gas ExxonMobil favors boosting the U.S.'s
consumption of natural gas, in part, because it produces
at least 50 percent less greenhouse gas per hour when burned compared with
coal, Nazeer Bhore, ExxonMobil senior technology advisor, said during the panel.
«But there has been good progress on reducing
coal consumption, often
at (the) expense of more natural gas, but also renewables have done better than expected.»
«Total recoverable reserves of
coal around the world are estimated
at 1,001 billion tons — enough to last approximately 180 years
at current
consumption levels»
The shale gas in recent exploration in the United States, that could meet the domestic demand of the country for natural gas
at current levels of
consumption for over 100 years, is extremely negative for the environment because it generates half the carbon emissions from
coal, and pollutes the sheets underground aquifers.
When we look
at the record,
coal consumption rose exponentially from about 1850 to the beginning of the great depression when it took a significant drop, but then rose rapidly during the war years falling off again after the war, but then about 1950 it began to sharply rise again.
Although the growth rate of
coal slows from the breakneck pace of the last decade, global
coal consumption by 2017 stands
at 4.32 billion tonnes of oil equivalent (btoe), versus around 4.40 btoe for oil, based on IEA medium - term projections.
[29]
At the current global total energy
consumption of 15 terawatt, [30] there is enough
coal to provide the entire planet with all of its energy for 57 years.
Main findings are: (1) energy
consumption will peak
at 5200 — 5400 million tons
coal equivalent (Mtce) in 2035 — 2040; (2) CO2 emissions will peak
at 9200 — 9400milliontons (Mt) in 2030 — 2035, whilst it can be potentially reduced by 200 — 300Mt; (3) China ׳ s per capita energy
consumption and per capita CO2 emission are projected to peak
at 4tce and 6.8 t respectively in 2020 — 2030, soon after China steps into the high income group.
«9 Based on the IEO2006 reference case forecast for
coal consumption, and assuming that world
coal consumption would continue to increase
at a rate of 2.0 percent per year after 2030, current estimated recoverable world
coal reserves would last for about 70 years.»
Boyce observed that
coal has been the world's fastest - growing fuel this past decade, with demand growing
at nearly twice the rate of natural gas and hydro power and more than four times faster than global oil
consumption.
Coal also went from providing 66 % of China's energy
consumption in 2014 to 64 % in 2014 —
at the same time as energy
consumption rose overall by almost 1 %.
The CO2 Scorecard report, by contrast, examined changes in electricity
at the regional level using data from grid operators, which showed researchers greater detail about where natural gas had replaced
coal or renewables; where renewables replaced
coal; and where electricity
consumption simply declined because of reduced demand.
At the National People's Congress a few days ago, the Washington Post reported Chinese officials «said they would cut
coal consumption by 160 million tons over the next five years.»
One measure of the disposition of
coal stocks, called days of burn, is an estimate of how many days a stockpile of
coal would last
at a plant based on past
consumption patterns.
However, as China continues to replace older, less efficient generators with more efficient units, China's power sector
coal consumption is expected to peak as soon as 2018,
at 4,800 million metric tons.
However, the projected development beyond 2020 is only compatible with the IEA alternative policy scenario in which
coal production is constrained by climate policy measures while the IEA reference scenario assumes further increasing
coal consumption (and production) until
at least 2030.
Research scientist Schalk Cloete took a look
at 15 years of IEA forecasts and found that not only did the agency underestimate renewables, it overpredicted oil
consumption and underpredicted
coal consumption.
We have 200 years of
coal at present
consumption, so even if we doubled that we would have 100 years.
At current
consumption rates, this total resource would last us several hundred years (
coal: between 350 and 400 years; oil and gas: between 150 and 200 years).
If you look
at my chart you'll see that the UK now has a deficit between
coal production and
consumption - i.e. we're importing.
Coal consumption (primary energy) peaks in 2025
at 66.3 EJ.
The daily and seasonal
consumption patterns don't allow for an all
coal power plant infrastructure to output 24/7
at their rated capacity.
«If we look
at consumption of
coal, the main drivers are rapid growth in clean energy, slower power demand growth due to shifting economic structure and energy efficiency.
This could lead directly to an increase in both
coal and gas
consumption,
at least in the short term.
Keep in mind that according to eia.gov, under «business - as - usual» scenarios, «World
coal consumption is projected to increase from 5,440 million short tons in 2003 to 7,792 million short tons in 2015,
at an average annual rate of 3.0 percent».
At current rates of growth, the IEA says that it expects that
coal consumption will rise to 4.32 billion tonnes of oil equivalent versus 4.4 billions tonnes of oil per year worldwide within only four years; with that trend continuing,
coal would quickly overtake oil as the world's fuel source of choice.
Using conventional energy accounting, a switch from
coal & gas generation to solar / wind would reduce our primary energy
consumption by 2/3, and yet the electricity generated wouldn't change
at all.
To more quickly speed up the on - going transition to renewable energy, China can, for example, work to peak its
coal consumption by 2020, while the US can put money on the table
at the Green Climate Fund pledging conference next week, allowing developing countries to boost their own action.
Kelly Sims Gallagher, who directs the Center for International Environment and Resource Policy
at Tufts University's Fletcher School, said to Mashable: «Obviously it is not good news that China's
coal consumption was much higher than previously thought, but it is heartening that China corrected the data and reported it transparently.»
Learn to read: BEIJING, Nov. 19 (Xinhua)-- China on Wednesday issued an energy development plan to cap primary energy
consumption at 4.8 billion tonnes of standard
coal equivalent per year by 2020.
At the same time, it's global
coal consumption exceeded 10 % for the first time ever.
How hot is it going to get if global
coal consumption peaks
at 7 billion tons per year, oil
consumption peaks
at 100 million barrels per day and natural gas
consumption peaks
at 150 trillion cubic feet per year?
But monthly
coal consumption started growing again in the second half of 2016 (relative to the second half of 2015), and total annual
consumption ended
at just 1.3 % down by the end of December, leading to our estimated increase in emissions of 0.5 %.
Despite uncertainty and confusion about the numbers, the 2016 data is one more piece of evidence that China will not return to the days of skyrocketing
coal consumption for good, and that the world's largest CO2 emitter is on the right path to start reducing its emissions permanently
at some point in the coming decade.
At the end of June 2016, monthly industry statistics suggested that
coal consumption in the first half of the year was down 4.6 % relative to the first half of 2015.
It is tempting to speculate that the 4.7 % reduction in
coal consumption by weight in the statistical communqué is an attempt by China's statistical bureau to reconcile the supply - and demand - side data, but that is purely speculation
at this point.
Dr Wheatley said more data was needed on actual fuel
consumption at coal - fired power stations but there were several reasons for the inefficiencies of wind in abating emissions.
«Moreover, with the recent decline in
coal consumption and robust renewable energy development, China is positioning itself
at the front of climate leadership.
All of the focus on
coal exports comes
at a time of flagging trends in U.S.
coal consumption.
In fact, according to EIA, the 325 - million - ton increase in Chinese
coal consumption in 2011 accounted for 87 percent of the entire world's growth for the year, which was estimated
at 374 million tons.
As is noted in the piece above, where Dr Wheatley says: «more data was needed on actual fuel
consumption at coal - fired power stations».
As we've seen, the cheap
coal made available by the federal
coal leasing program has encouraged increased
coal consumption in the United States for decades,
at the expense of cleaner forms of energy.
Coal production: The sum of sales, mine
consumption, issues to miners, and issues to coke, briquetting, and other ancillary plants
at mines.
Considering that America has 22.1 percent of the world's proven
coal reserves, the greatest of any country and enough to last for 381 years
at current
consumption rates, it is a tragedy that the U.S. can no longer build new, clean,
coal - fired power stations to replace its aging fleet of
coal plants.Supercritical power plants operate
at very high temperatures and pressures, resulting in significantly greater efficiencies than older technologies.