Led by David Tilman, a biology professor at the University of Minnesota, the research shows that «mixtures of native perennial grasses and other flowering plants provide more usable energy per acre than
corn grain ethanol or soybean biodiesel and are far better for the environment,» according to a release from the University of Minnesota.
Corn grain ethanol is not a solution due to low net energy gain, GHG emissions, environmental degradation (e.g., water pollution and soil loss), and food supply issues) and cellulosic ethanol doesn't look favorable due to energy density issues and GHG emissions.
Not exact matches
The U.S. economy is a
corn - based
ethanol producer and this has helped put upward pressure on global
grain prices which has benefited Brazil's farmers.
In addition there are versions of
corn that can be grown where the stalk and leaves have been modified to produce the material for
ethanol while the
grain can be harvested for food.
Corn is increasingly being used to convert into
ethanol in the U.S. and in high demand in China where it it used to feed into the meat industry, and it has yet to be seen how this year's significant loss in harvest will impact
grain use across the globe.
It usually takes
corn,
grains or yeast to create
ethanol, don't worry, you won't create any dangerous
ethanol from this fermenting Kvass recipe.
In the feedlot, cattle are primarily fed
grains like
corn and soy and distillers
grains which are a byproduct of
ethanol production.
Meats from feedlots can be given such things as
corn,
corn by - products (some is derived from high fructose
corn syrup production and
ethanol), barley, milo, wheat, and other
grains and roughage that often consists of
corn stalks, alfalfa, cottonseed meal, and premixes of chemical preservatives, antibiotics, and fermentation products.
Analysis by Kansas State
grain scientists found that next generation DDGs (left - overs from the production of
ethanol that includes residues of yeast) contain 50.8 percent crude protein, compared with 47.8 percent in soybean meal or 67.1 percent in
corn gluten meal.
The key factors determining carbon emissions for
corn - based
ethanol are (1) whether coal or natural gas is used to power the
ethanol plant, (2) whether distillers
grains are dried or sold wet, and (3) whether expansion of
corn acreage comes mainly from reduced acreage of lower - value crops or if idled land is brought into production.
I saw your support for cellulosic
ethanol, but no statement on the logic (or lack thereof) of the United States diverting some 40 percent of its
corn crop to fuel while world
grain prices soar.
Ethanol makers experienced improved financial performance because of changes out of their control - as in the case of natural gas prices falling drastically in response to increased fracking for natural gas production - but lost money because of increased
corn prices caused by escalating Chinese
grain demand.
For example, a farmer in northern Iowa could plant an acre in
corn that yields enough
grain to produce roughly $ 1,000 worth of fuel - grade
ethanol per year, or he could use that same acre to site a turbine producing $ 300,000 worth of electricity each year.
David Pimentel, a professor of ecology at Cornell University who has been studying
grain alcohol for 20 years, and Tad Patzek, an engineering professor at the University of California, Berkeley, co-wrote a recent report that estimates that making
ethanol from
corn requires 29 percent more fossil energy than the
ethanol fuel itself actually contains.
National Research Council: [A] ccording to EPA's own estimates,
corn -
grain ethanol produced in 2011, which is almost exclusively made in biorefineries using natural gas as a heat source, is a higher emitter of GHG than gasoline.
An independent panel of academic scientists for the National Research Council of the National Academy of Sciences — reviewing the conflicting work of Searchinger, Wang and several others — concluded in a 2011 report that «
corn -
grain ethanol might not have lower [greenhouse gas emission] values than petroleum - based gasoline.»
It cited «plausible scenarios in which GHG [greenhouse gas] emissions from
corn -
grain ethanol are much higher than those of petroleum - based fuels,» and questioned the method by which EPA determined that
ethanol would produce 21 percent less emissions.
To get the correct carbon score of
corn ethanol, the inputs must be distributed fairly across all the co-products — fuel, distillers
grains feed,
corn oil, cobs and stover, etc..
Hypothetically, today, we could also take the starch out of the entire feed
corn crop, and that would give us 4 times the amount of
corn grain based
ethanol: Today, that would be 10.9 X 4 = 43.6 billion gallons a year, now.
Even if all the
corn grain available were converted to
ethanol, however, it would meet only 15 — 18 % of current transportation fuel needs.
For example, with such genetically - engineered biocatalysts it is not only
grains of
corn but
corn cobs and most of the rest of the
corn plant that may be used to make
ethanol.
Gary Schnitkey, Darrel Good, and Paul Ellinger, «Crude Oil Price Variability and Its Impact on Break — Even
Corn Prices,» Farm Business Management, 30 May 2007; 2006
grain used for
ethanol from U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Economic Research Service (ERS), Feed Grains Database, at www.ers.usda.gov, updated 28 September 2007; 2006 grain harvest from USDA, Production, Supply and Distribution, electronic database at www.fas.usda.gov/psdonline, updated 12 September 2007; 2008 ethanol requirement from Renewable Fuels Association, «Ethanol Biorefinery Locations,» at www.ethanolrfa.org, updated 28 September 2007; 2008 grain harvest from Interagency Agricultural Projections Committee, Agricultural Projections to 2016 (Washington, DC: USDA, February
ethanol from U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Economic Research Service (ERS), Feed
Grains Database, at www.ers.usda.gov, updated 28 September 2007; 2006
grain harvest from USDA, Production, Supply and Distribution, electronic database at www.fas.usda.gov/psdonline, updated 12 September 2007; 2008
ethanol requirement from Renewable Fuels Association, «Ethanol Biorefinery Locations,» at www.ethanolrfa.org, updated 28 September 2007; 2008 grain harvest from Interagency Agricultural Projections Committee, Agricultural Projections to 2016 (Washington, DC: USDA, February
ethanol requirement from Renewable Fuels Association, «
Ethanol Biorefinery Locations,» at www.ethanolrfa.org, updated 28 September 2007; 2008 grain harvest from Interagency Agricultural Projections Committee, Agricultural Projections to 2016 (Washington, DC: USDA, February
Ethanol Biorefinery Locations,» at www.ethanolrfa.org, updated 28 September 2007; 2008
grain harvest from Interagency Agricultural Projections Committee, Agricultural Projections to 2016 (Washington, DC: USDA, February 2007).
Oh, and those Panhandle Feedlots are getting better cattle feed (distillers
grains) Cheaper straight from the
ethanol plants than when they were feeding straight
corn.
By - products of
ethanol production include distiller's
grain, which is used as a very low cost cattle feed, and also
corn oil can be extracted, which can be converted into biodiesel.
What China did import was large amounts of dried distillers
grains with solubles — DDGS — which is a byproduct of
corn ethanol.
Besides the
ethanol this produces, this
corn also will result in approximately 1 billion bushels of distillers
grains to be used as livestock feed.
Bioethenol — Bioethenol is
ethanol derived from the fermentation of plant matter (such as
corn, switchgrass,
grains or sugarcane).
Clinton also criticized the heavy U.S. reliance on a food crop,
corn, to produce
ethanol for fuel, which helped drive up
grain prices worldwide.
Chapter 2 Data: Population Pressure: Land and Water (XLS PDF Highlights) World
Grain Production and Consumption, 1960 - 2009 World
Grain Consumption and Stocks, 1960 - 2009 Wheat - Oil Exchange Rate, 1950 - 2008 Wheat Production in Saudi Arabia, 1960 - 2009, with Projection to 2016
Grain Harvested Area Per Person in Selected Countries and the World in 1950 and 2000, with Projection to 2050 U.S.
Corn Production and Use for Fuel
Ethanol, 1980 - 2009 Countries Overpumping Aquifers in 2009 World Irrigated Area and Irrigated Area Per Thousand People, 1950 - 2007 World Population of Cattle, Sheep, and Goats, 1961 - 2007 Livestock and Human Populations in Africa, 1961 - 2007 Livestock and Human Populations in Nigeria, 1961 - 2007 Livestock and Human Populations in China, 1961 - 2007 World Total and Per Person Wild Fish Harvest, 1950 - 2007 Top of Page
The byproducts of
corn ethanol, distillers
grains, supplement a huge dairy feeding, cattle feeding, poultry feeding, and fish feeding system, and export business.
Ethanol made from
corn grain, beets, sugarcane, wheat and other first - generation feedstocks is getting a bad rap these days.
The
ethanol industry is quick to point out that about a third of the
corn it uses is converted not to
ethanol, but to highly nutritious livestock feed, including a byproduct known as distillers
grains.
Proposed causes such as shortages of
grain due to adverse weather, increasing meat consumption in China and India, conversion of
corn to
ethanol in the US, and investor speculation on commodity markets lead to widely differing implications for policy.
http://cornandsoybeandigest.com/biofuels/
ethanol-bushels-working-0215/ «When you make
ethanol out of
corn, about one - third is
ethanol, one - third is carbon dioxide and one - third is dried distillers
grain with solubles (DDGS), says Mindy Schweitzer, marketing manager at POET Nutrition.»
There's no industry set up yet; current
corn ethanol relies on using the easily digestible food
grain.
Vilsack's support for unsustainable industrial
ethanol production has already caused global
corn and
grain prices to skyrocket, literally taking food off the table for a billion people in the developing world.»
Indeed, an article in Popular Science cites a study by the Center for Agricultural and Rural Development at Iowa State University that predicts that U.S.
ethanol production could consume more than half of
corn, wheat and coarse
grains by 2012, ratcheting up food prices and potentially causing massive shortages.
Suddenly investments in U.S.
corn - based
ethanol distilleries became hugely profitable, unleashing an investment frenzy that will convert one fourth of the 2009 U.S.
grain harvest into fuel for cars.
Photo: Cote, CC Going Against the
Grain Anyone who's kept informed about green issues lately knows that
corn ethanol isn't a very good idea (except maybe for the farmers who get subsidized by tax dollars).
Corn ethanol emits about 20 percent fewer greenhouse gases than gasoline, but it requires more water, and it has raised the price of
grain and food.
If you divide 154 mmt (
corn for
ethanol) / 321 mmt (total
grain harvest) =
corn for
ethanol might require 48 percent of the US
grain harvest (
corn and wheat combined).
But the
ethanol we currently make from
corn — which we call
corn ethanol — is produced from a process by which the sugars and starches in the
corn are fermented to produce the
ethanol — the same basic process that produces beer from
grain and wine from grapes.
Corn to
ethanol production also produces distillers
grain, a low cost animal feed.