Just as two sheets of paper could be blown together in a storm, different 3 -
D branes could collide within the bulk.
Not exact matches
As was already pointed out by Edward Feser in the June / July issue of First Things, even if one grants that string theory is true, Krauss
has already conceded the very medieval axiom he thought he was dispatching, since, after all, a «
brane» (assuming it exists) is something.
If you cracked the Five Horsemen code, or the M -
brane code, or the Schopenhauer code, or the what -
have - you code, you preempted the finale!
D -
branes also helped explain other string theory mysteries.
Maybe, string /
brane / M theory
would explain the amount of that mysterious «dark» energy in space and all
would be well.
If the interaction between
branes was a collision, it
would trigger a fantastically powerful reaction, Steinhardt guessed, given the immense amounts of matter and energy in each one.
«It was clear that a collision of
branes would be a dramatic event,» Turok says.
«Much to our surprise, after doing these enormous, intricate calculations, we found out colliding
branes would produce exactly the same pattern of temperature fluctuations,» says Turok.
«People
had just started talking about
branes when we set up the conference,» Steinhardt recalls.
So a crash between two empty
branes would still be a collision of gigantic proportions.
Calculations suggested that the crash
would generate a universe - wide fireball of pure energy within each
brane.
That blast
would drive the two
branes apart again.
Most of the particles in our universe stick within the
brane, but theorists
have proposed that some neutrinos might be able to travel through the bulk as well.
If the black
brane has an electric charge, bending it converts mechanical stress into an electric field, as in piezoelectric materials (Physical Review Letters, doi.org/j2c).
It
has no end, and there is no mechanism for confining it to a
brane.
If you
have an open string associated with the electron, for example, it's on a
brane.
Now Jay Armas of Copenhagen University in Denmark and colleagues
have shown that black
branes can behave like solids as well.
So when the authors claim that our 3 -
D universe is part of a 10 - dimensional «
brane» and that cycles of expansion and contraction result from collisions between our cosmic
brane and a neighboring one, the best most readers can do is visualize two giant hands clapping the universe into existence over and over again.
In this new view, time didn't
have a beginning, and the Big Bang resulted from a collision of
branes, sheetlike spaces that exist within a higher - dimensional reality.
At galactic scales, matter within
branes will
have a range of distributions of orbits and velocities about a given barycentre.
Joseph Polchinski, Firewall Institution: University of California, Santa Barbara Year: 2012 Known for: Discovering
D -
branes, explaining what
D -
branes are (a string theory thing) Idea: Once a black hole
has lost about half of itself to Hawking radiation, the event horizon can no longer store enough encoded information to tell the story of what's inside.
This attractive force between
branes would in fact be a special case of the kind of force that inflationary cosmologies posit to explain the early universe's blowup.
And because each
brane is already infinitely large and flat, there
would be no first cycle to worry about.
In the ekpyrotic model, the necessary fluctuations are supposed to arise as the
branes ripple quantum mechanically, so that different areas
would strike one another and take off expanding first.
Our
brane and its counterpart
would bounce off each other as usual, but instead of going their separate ways, they
would smack each other again and again as if connected by a spring.
But a putative particle called the sterile neutrino, which interacts with other particles only through gravity,
would be able to travel in and out of the
brane, taking shortcuts through the extra dimensions.
The
branes» oscillating motion
would work to pump space into our universe like a bellows, explaining the acceleration that we see today.
Some physicists
have proposed that nearly all the particles in our universe may be confined to a four - dimensional «
brane» embedded within a 10 - dimensional «bulk.»
I
've got the wrong kind of
brane perhaps.