Sentences with phrase «dna backbone»

The evolutionary origins of metabolism, in particular the emergence of the sugar phosphates that constitute glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, and the RNA and DNA backbone, are largely unknown.

The team used two different mass - spectrometry techniques to confirm that the bacterium's DNA contained arsenic, implying — although not directly proving — that the element had taken on phosphate's role in holding together the DNA backbone.

The team demonstrated that their system can work by testing three aptamers on one DNA backbone.

(DNA methylation involves adding a bulky methyl group to a gene's DNA backbone, which obstructs the process of translating it into a protein.)

They grafted «aptamers» — synthetic DNA molecules that bind to specific target biomarkers — to DNA backbones.

Based on the new data, «it's very clear there is no arsenate associated in the DNA backbones.»

Not exact matches

Edestin aids digestion, is relatively phosphorus - free, and considered the backbone of the cell's DNA.

DNA consists of a 2 backbones holding together the nucleotides.

Having so much water might also slow or halt the movement of building blocks of life, such as carbon and phosphorus (the backbone of DNA), into oceans.

DNA is a long polymer of simple units called nucleotides, which are held together by a backbone made of sugars and phosphate groups.

For instance, all living things exclusively use the right - handed form of the sugar ribose (the backbone of DNA), and many chiral pharmaceutical chemicals are only effective in one handedness; in the other, they can be toxic.

But something did change about 800 million years ago, and cyanobacteria and other minute organisms in continental margin ecosystems got more phosphorus, the backbone of DNA and RNA, and a main actor in cell metabolism.

At high temperatures, DNA and amino acids become difficult to maintain: The bond between DNA's backbone and bases tends to fail, and amino acids become more prone to flipping into their mirror image structures, which are mostly unusable for building proteins.

Follow carbon's journey from how it is born in stars to how it became the molecular backbone of DNA, plastic, sugar, and fat.

In 2016, Cornelia Meinert of the University Nice Sophia Antipolis in France and colleagues showed that irradiated ice forms a cornucopia of molecules essential to life, including ribose, the backbone of RNA, which may have been a precursor to DNA (SN: 4/30/16, p. 18).

Both RNA and DNA have sugar backbones studded with sequences of the four bases which make up the code.

They found that organic compounds, called amino nitriles, the molecular precursors to amino acids, were able to use molecules present in interstellar ice to trigger the formation of the backbone molecule, 2 - deoxy - D - ribose, of DNA.

It forms a similar structure to DNA, but with a different backbone and would've been simpler to produce and replicate on primordial Earth.

The method the team developed uses the «backbone» of DNA, the structure it is built around.

The complex sugar is the chemical backbone of RNA, which is widely acknowledged as the genetic regulator of life before DNA.

The sugars are bound together by the phosphate groups, forming the backbone of the DNA, and each sugar has a nucleotide base attached to it.

Indeed, the current backbone of CDC foodborne - illness investigations is its PulseNet laboratory network, which stores the DNA fingerprints of half a million bacterial samples from food, humans and the environment.

GNA (glycol nucleic acid) is even simpler than TNA, with just three carbon atoms in its backbone, yet can still form helical molecules, much like DNA (The Journal of Organic Chemistry, DOI: 10.1021 / jo201469b).

It differs from RNA and DNA in its sugar backbone: TNA uses threose where RNA uses ribose and DNA deoxyribose.

Natural DNA consists of a ladder frame of ring - shaped deoxyribose molecules (which form the backbone of the double helix) and rungs of bases (which spell out the genetic alphabet).

Isolated DNA has been cleaved (i.e., had covalent bonds in its backbone chemically severed) or synthesized to consist of just a fraction of a naturally occurring DNA molecule.

«Their most striking claim was that arsenic had been incorporated into the backbone of DNA, and what we can say is that there is no arsenic in the DNA at all,» says Redfield.

When a cell prepares to divide, the DNA splits first, the double helix «unzipping» into two separate backbones.

New nucleotides — adenine, cytosine, guanine or thymine — are filled into the gaps on the other side of the backbone, pairing with their counterparts (adenine with thymine and cytosine with guanine) and replicating the DNA to make a copy for both the old and the new cells.

In the recent issue of Nature Communications, the authors describe how the guide molecule which, until now has been based on an RNA backbone, can in fact be made from a hybrid molecule incorporating DNA nucleotides.

The present research provides a theoretical backbone for gene introduction research previously conducted by trial - and - error, and is expected to contribute to the elucidation of the molecular basis of DNA medicines and gene therapy, and to make them more efficient.

(Left) A single DNA strand (formed by a sugar - phosphate backbone and nucleotide base - pairs).

Ribose sugar is required for the backbone structure of RNA; a less complex form, deoxyribose sugar, is required for the backbone structure of DNA.

c, Southern blot (left) membrane hybridization of 10 µg of BamHI - digested genomic DNA (see corresponding agarose gel on right) using a DNA probe from the pCEP backbone.

While much of the past work with DNA analogs such as PNA has focused on nucleobases already anchored to their backbone units, Ghadiri had the idea of working with simpler building blocks.

Chemo - and radiotherapy is still the backbone of cancer treatments, and they work by causing damage to the cancer cells DNA.

The two sides of the ladder are called the DNA's backbone.

Strap in for Babak Anvari's masterful «Under the Shadow,» a new horror film that feels like it shares some DNA with «The Babadook» and «The Devil's Backbone» but also announces a new genre talent.

By creating their own model of DNA, students should understand the component parts (sugar and phosphate «backbone» with complementary base pairs, adenine and thymine, cytosine and guanine) as well as the overall three - dimensional double helix or spiral structure of the molecule.