Sentences with phrase «dna damage repair»

SIRT1 helps with DNA damage repair and thus may reduce cancer rates.

GSC resistance to radiation due to upregulation of pro-survival signaling and enhanced DNA damage repair capacity.

Moreover, given that point mutations are acquired through DNA copy - errors (and / or failure of DNA damage repair mechanisms) during replication, preferentially within the paternal germline, a detailed knowledge of these basic biological processes is key to understanding the patterns of nucleotide substitutions.

The p127 Subunit (DDB1) of the UV - DNA Damage Repair Binding Protein Is Essential for the Targeted Degradation of STAT1 by the V Protein of the Paramyxovirus Simian Virus 5

This novel vaccine encodes the tumor antigen TERT, which is highly expressed in tumor cells, and is particularly high in tumor samples from patients with mutations in DNA damage repair pathways, such as the BRCA1 / BRCA2 pathway.

This RNA binding protein, upregulated upon B cell activation, post-transcriptionally regulates components of the DNA damage repair machinery, such as p53, silencing the mRNA and keeping the transcripts captive in RNA stress granules.

Consequently, the process of DNA damage repair is tightly controlled.

8.30 Hana Paculová CDK12 connects transcriptional regulation to DNA damage repair pathway 8.55 Karol Kaiser Wnt secretion during nervous system development 9.20 Simona Hankeová The role of Notch signaling in vasculogenesis 10.00 Coffee break 10.30 Tomáš Doležal Extracellular adenosine regulates complex host - pathogen interactions through the energy release for the immune response 10.55 Ondřej Bernatík and Igor Červenka Regulation of diverse function of Dvl by phosphorylation 11.20 Jan Ryneš Dissection of Axin interactome: rational approach for control of signaling cascades via intervention with specific protein - protein interactions 12.05 Targeting opportunities: discussion & sum - up 13.00 Lunch and departure

β - catenin, a transcription factor, has been known to crosstalk with several developmental pathways [28] and is reported to play a role in DNA damage repair [29, 30].

He studies how structural changes to chromosomes impact gene expression and cell fate with a focus telomere, telomerase, and chromosomal stability, epigenetic proteins, and the role of the SOSS complex in DNA damage repair.

XPD encodes one of the two helicase components of basal transcription / DNA repair factor IIH (TFIIH), a ten - subunit, multifunctional complex that is essential for multiple processes, including basal transcription initiation and DNA damage repair via the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway [6,7].

Experiments with mouse embryo support cells that express mutant DUB or pseudo-DUB proteins show an impaired immune response when infected with a virus and impaired DNA damage repair when exposed to ionizing radiation, further validating the need for complex's correct structure.

One enzyme in particular, BRCC36, removes a specific type of ubiquitin that is central to DNA damage repair as well as inflammatory responses.

Overly active EMSY, like mutated BRCA1 or BRCA2, changes those instructions, so that the DNA damage repair process is blocked.

«We know that patients with BRCA mutations are at high risk for developing breast, as well as pancreatic, ovarian, prostate and other cancers, and we have learned over time that BRCA plays a very important role in DNA damage repair.

A third highly associated region encompasses a cluster of genes that play a role in ultraviolet (UV) response and DNA damage repair.

The mechanisms that promote or enable drug resistance include drug inactivation, drug target alteration, drug removal from cells, DNA damage repair, cell death inhibition and the epithelial - mesenchymal transition (EMT) that enable solid tumors to transform into more metastatic grades.

The study found that carfilzomib and irinotecan have a potential synergistic effect in SCLC and other Irinotecan - sensitive cancers by allowing normal DNA damage repair and enabling normal cell - cycle death.

The most common mutations, occurring in five of the women, occurred in genes including ARID1A, PIK3CA, KRAS and PPP2R1A, all known for controlling cell growth, cell invasion and DNA damage repair.

«We don't know what it actually does in the cell — what activates it, what it interacts with, and the specific type of DNA damage it repairs,» she says.

Not exact matches

This changes a lot of what scientists thought they knew about how water bears deal with radiation, as they were previously thought to have proteins that repaired damaged DNA, rather than proteins that halt damage altogether.

Its drug Niraparib kills cancer cells by inhibiting the production of proteins called PARPs, which help repair damaged DNA strands, thereby hastening the death of some types of cancer cells.

This makes me happy: Microglia cells migrate into tumors and supply cancer cells with a substance needed for the repair of DNA damage.

The DNA damage builds up and checkpoints that repair or kill damage cells are impaired.

Certain flavonoids found in buckwheat like oligomeric proanthocyanidins may repair DNA from damage and reduce inflammation.

Other proteins such as histones are involved in the packaging of DNA or repairing the damage to DNA that causes mutations.

Tepfer suspects that seeds damaged by very short wavelength UV light could germinate if they repaired that DNA damage as they grew.

«The study culminates years of work and provides physical evidence that sleep deprivation injures cells and that sleep recovery restores the balance between, among other parameters, DNA damage and repair,» Dr. Everson said.

For example, some viral - repair enzymes — which excise and resynthesize damaged DNA, mend oxygen radical damage, and so on — are unique to certain viruses and have existed almost unchanged probably for billions of years.

Mice with fragile beta cells that were poor at repairing DNA damage would rapidly develop diabetes when those beta cells were challenged by cellular stress.

Other mice, with robust beta cells that were good at repairing DNA damage, were able to stay non-diabetic for life, even when those islets were placed under severe cellular stress.

Certain kinds of cancer cells depend heavily on PARP to repair DNA damage.

«For this reason, we decided to combine vitamin C with a PARP inhibitor, a drug type known to cause cancer cell death by blocking the repair of DNA damage, and already approved for treating certain patients with ovarian cancer.»

Laboratory experiments on animals indicate that as doses decrease, less and less damage escapes DNA - repair mechanisms, says Yoshihisa Matsumoto, a radiation biologist at the Tokyo Institute of Technology.

This leads to massive DNA damage that can not be repaired, and the cancer cells self - destruct.

«[F] or decades, she has fought a battle with many of her biochemist colleagues over the properties of DNA and, more recently, her unorthodox proposal about how the body repairs damage to this vital molecule» using electricity, Service writes.

The embryos lacking functional BRCA2 genes probably stopped growing because molecular «checkpoints» in the developing embryo either halt the division of cells with damaged DNA, so that the damage can be repaired, or kill the cells outright.

The finding, presented here at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (which publishes ScienceNOW), suggests that the blood - vessel damage that precedes a heart attack could in certain people arise from poor DNA repair.

Now, results described in tomorrow's issue of Nature suggest that BRCA2 mutations could lead to cancer by interfering with cells» ability to repair damaged DNA.

Shock waves create energetic subatomic particles called cosmic rays, which can tear apart biomolecules and damage DNA beyond repair.

Hypoxia can damage DNA and contribute to aging and cancer, so mechanisms that protect against hypoxia — by repairing DNA, for example — likely also help explain the blind mole - rat's resistance to cancer and aging, Band said.

PARP inhibitors prevent cancer cells from repairing themselves after experiencing DNA damage (for example from chemotherapy or radiation).

This can be exploited in the therapy, as Rottenberg explains: «DNA - repair - defective sleeper cells respond to particular substances that damage DNA.»

Now, the researchers have discovered an alternative in a mouse model: in the case of breast tumours with a specific defect in DNA repair, the animals can be cured using already established, cheap chemotherapy drugs, if enough DNA damage can be inflicted on the resting tumour cells.

Olaparib is good at killing cancer cells that have errors in genes that have a role in repairing damaged DNA such as BRCA1 or BRCA2.

In response, cells activate an enzyme called poly (ADP - ribose) polymerase (PARP) to repair DNA damage.

«This technique gives you almost a satellite - view image of all the damage across the genome,» said John Wyrick, a WSU geneticist specializing in DNA repair and corresponding author of a study out this week in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

To maintain the genome integrity, DNA damages have to be monitored and repaired.

Our DNA is constantly exposed to damage and to protect the genome, cells have evolved mechanisms that monitor and repair these damages.

Rad3 signalling ensures that cells do not divide before DNA damages are repaired and thus provides cancer cells with a mechanism to resist chemotherapy by repairing these DNA damages.