Sentences with phrase «dna during cell division»

Telomeres cap the ends of chromosomes and act as protection against the loss of protein - coding DNA during cell division.

Not exact matches

Here's what they found — during cell division, UHRF1 recognizes newly copied DNA at sites that are missing methyl tags.

Even after the principles of epigenetics came to light, it was believed that methylation marks and other epigenetic changes to a parent's DNA were lost during the process of cell division that generates eggs and sperm and that only the gene sequence remained.

This group also clarified that Shugoshin controls DNA replication (the process by which DNA makes a copy of itself during cell division) in subtelomeres as well as higher - order structure of chromosomes.

A portion of the telomere DNA is lost during cell division.

During cell division, chromosomes acquire a characteristic X-shape with the two DNA molecules (sister chromatids) linked at a central «connection region» that contains highly compacted DNA.

In the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, DNA is packaged with histone proteins into complexes known as chromatin, which are further compacted into chromosomes during cell division.

During meiosis, the genome of a diploid germ cell, which is composed of long segments of DNA packaged into chromosomes, undergoes DNA replication followed by two rounds of division, resulting in haploid cells called gametes.

The shortening of telomeres is a process that occurs naturally in the body each time that a cell divides: during cell division the DNA, which is tightly packaged into chromosomes, must be duplicated but the DNA - copying machinery design itself, prevents the full replication of the ends of the chromosomes.

During each cell division, more than 3.3 billion base pairs of genomic DNA have to be duplicated and segregated accurately to daughter cells.

Failure has often struck at the stage of meiosis, a type of cell division during which paired chromosomes swap DNA and the number of chromosomes per cell is halved.

«Telomeres function a bit like the plastic caps at the ends of shoelaces and protect the coding DNA from loss during cell division.

The scientists involved with this study were able to demonstrate that translocations can occur within hours of DNA breaks and that their formation is independent of when the breaks happen during the cell division cycle.

Partly based on his MIT Ph.D. thesis research performed in yeast, Sheltzer suspects aneuploidy causes errors in DNA replication, as well as problems with chromosome segregation during cell division.

Researchers think they arise from occasional mistakes during cell division, when DNA is jumbled up and copied.

The DNA vital to the life of a cell is packaged in chromosomes, and a variety of checkpoints, repair mechanisms, and other cellular safeguards exist to maintain the integrity of the chromosomes during cell growth and division.

The team used ChromEMT to image and measure chromatin in resting human cells and during cell division (mitosis) when DNA is compacted into its most dense form — the 23 pairs of mitotic chromosomes that are the iconic image of the human genome.

The special feature of this DNA element is its positioning in precisely those genes that play a role in the chromosome distribution during cell division and thus influences them.

By controlling the transport of histones to our DNA, TLK and Asf1 ensure that the chromatin architecture and its information are copied correctly during cell division, so that cell identity is maintained,» explains Ilnaz Klimovskaia.

Asf1 act as a freight train that transports histones to the nuclei of our cells where the DNA is copied during cell divisions.

When the studies of mitochondrial carryover were done in embryonic stem cells derived from ePNT blastocysts (to allow for more cell divisions during which instability could manifest), some stem cell lines displayed instability and an increase in mitochondrial DNA carryover with time.

By doing so, we have imitated, to some extent, an essential movement behavior that occurs in nature, during cell division or muscle contraction,» says Maximilian Urban, whose research publication («Gold nanocrystal - mediated sliding of doublet DNA origami filament») appears in Nature Communications.

The efficient compaction of DNA during cellular division ensures equal distribution of DNA into daughter cells and prevents aneuploidy, which has been implicated as a major driver of tumor development.

Needleman is especially interested in the spindle, a cellular structure that separates chromosomes and pulls the duplicated DNA from the mother cell into the daughter cell during division.

The Mattiroli group studies chromatin dynamics during DNA replication to understand how the epigenetic information is faithfully propagated during cell division.

Moreover, somatic mutation burden increases during a lifetime as a result of accumulating errors occurring either during cell division or because of environment - induced DNA damage.

During cell division, the DNA is doubled, which requires the histones — as the current picture suggests — to break apart.

p53 not only down regulates cell division during the normal process of aging and senescence, but it is also involved in a response to DNA damage [27,28] and telomere shortening [29].

During cell division, also known as mitosis, the entire DNA content of the cell is copied, with half going to each new cell.