Lanes: M,
DNA molecular marker; 1 - iPSC1; 2 - iPSC2; 3 - iPSC3; 4 - NSCs (negative control); 5 - probe 25 ρg; 6 - probe 50 ρg; 7 - 100 ρg; 8 - 200 ρg and 9 - 50 ηg.
Not exact matches
Although a variety of
molecular methods are still in use, microsatellite
DNA markers have become the
marker of choice for population studies.
With the aid of
DNA markers, we now know which gene is responsible for which
molecular feature.
Molecular markers — pieces of
DNA that «mark» a specific gene — allow researchers to comb the genetic blueprint of a plant, match the sequence with a certain trait using computer programs, and develop seeds.
After extracting tiny amounts of ancient
DNA from the mummies» bones, the researchers amplified 16 short tandem repeats (short sequences in the
DNA that create a genetic fingerprint) and eight polymorphic microsatellites (hereditary
molecular markers) to testable quantities using techniques commonly employed in criminal or paternity investigations.
Molecular biologists at Stanford University will analyse
DNA from blood samples taken from individuals in those families, looking for as many as 300
markers in the
DNA that indicate the presence of particular genes.
Most simply, once these genes, or bits of
DNA tied to the genes (known as
markers), have been identified,
molecular breeders can quickly target offspring inheriting the genes for further development, cutting breeding time and improving the crop's «genetic gain,» the generational improvements made to a crop, like increased height, by human selection.
With the advent of more and more sophisticated ways to measure genetic variation and relatedness using
molecular markers, such as allozyme polymorphisms and
DNA - based
markers, not only can individuals be tracked as to their parentage, but changes in allele patterns over time and thus the effects of evolution on populations can be «seen» in the genetic information.
Not only were levels of metabolic compounds different, but the expression of certain genes involved in metabolism was turned up, and the epigenome of the cells —
molecular markers on
DNA that change gene expression on a broader scale — was altered.
DNA marker indicates
molecular size
marker phiX / 174 HaeIII.
The pPSU Plasmids for Generating
DNA Molecular Weight
Markers.
Here we show that senescent human fibroblasts display
molecular markers characteristic of cells bearing
DNA double - strand breaks.
In recent years, many labs have dedicated enormous resources to identifying new
molecular cancer
markers through «unbiased» direct profiling of human cancers using
DNA microarray approaches.