National Research Council (2015), Sea Change: 2015 — 2025
Decadal Survey of Ocean Sciences, Natl. Acad.
The committee for
the Decadal Survey of Ocean Sciences 2015 (DSOS) will develop a list of the top ocean science priorities for the next decade in the context of the current state of knowledge, ongoing research activities, and resource availability.
A 2011
decadal survey of the field by the National Research Council of the U.S. National Academies ranked a giant segmented - mirror telescope as one of its top three priorities for ground - based optical and infrared astronomy.
Its Decadal Survey of Ocean Sciences, scheduled to be released in early 2015, is supposed to identify both high - priority research projects and the infrastructure needed to conduct them.
In the National Research Council's 2010
decadal survey of astronomy and astrophysics, researchers put it at the top of their wish list for ground - based telescopes.
Not exact matches
«We really can't do any
of the
decadal survey with a flat budget,» Ulvestad said.
The NRC
decadal survey presumed a doubling
of the NSF astronomy budget over the course
of the decade, James Ulvestad, NSF division director for astronomical sciences, explained in a May 24 talk.
The NSF is working on the development
of the Large Synoptic
Survey Telescope, which had been endorsed by the previous decadal survey, in 2001, and was reaffirmed as the top project on the ground in the most recent decadal s
Survey Telescope, which had been endorsed by the previous
decadal survey, in 2001, and was reaffirmed as the top project on the ground in the most recent decadal s
survey, in 2001, and was reaffirmed as the top project on the ground in the most recent
decadal surveysurvey.
Even a business - as - usual strategy, without pursuing any
of the new projects recommended in the
decadal survey, would leave the agency with roughly $ 200 million in annual commitments to manage its ongoing projects, out
of a budget
of about $ 250 million.
The agency typically follows the recommendations
of the
Decadal Survey.
The current EOS orbiters are the result
of the NASA's
Decadal Survey for Earth Science, which prioritizes its research missions.
The troubles surrounding Webb and WFIRST, Rieke says, could delay the next such
survey, which would at minimum throw off the timing for those
of other fields — particularly the next
decadal survey planned for planetary science.
As early as the 2000
decadal survey, U.S. astronomers ranked Webb as their highest priority for the first 10 years
of the new millennium.
Meanwhile, WFIRST — NASA's planned successor to Webb and the highest priority
of the 2010
Decadal Survey — has experienced tumult
of its own, suffering moderate delays and cost growth.
In other words, the easiest solution might be for the next
decadal survey to simply proceed as planned and to recommend that NASA pursue a portfolio
of smaller, cheaper space telescopes rather than more multibillion - dollar behemoth in the 2020s.
Rieke is the principal investigator
of Webb's NIRCam instrument, as well as the co-chair
of the National Academies» Committee on Astronomy and Astrophysics, a body that along with NASA, the National Science Foundation and the National Academies» Space Studies Board helps plan the
decadal surveys.
The delay also jeopardizes the next
decadal survey, a once - every -10-years strategic plan produced by the National Academies that assesses the research landscape and makes recommendations to federal agencies and Congress about developing and funding future generations
of ground - and space - based telescopes.
Then, in 2015, the National Science Board endorsed proceeding from the design to the construction
of the vessels — but advised NSF to include construction
of two, rather than three, vessels in its future funding requests, following a recommendation for belt - tightening as laid out in the National Research Council's
decadal survey for ocean sciences, released in early 2015.
It was recommended by the most recent
decadal survey for astrophysics and remains one
of NASA's top astrophysics priorities after the James Webb Space Telescope.
The panel's task was to find a balance between ongoing astronomy programs supported by the NSF and new activities proposed in the
decadal survey in light
of the new budget realities.
In a sharp departure from the past, the
decadal survey committee went to an outside contractor, Aerospace Corporation
of El Segundo, California, for independent, rigorous estimates
of the cost
of missions it is recommending for the next decade.
Then, in 2001, the National Academy
of Sciences» «
decadal survey»
of astronomy — a summary
of the field's primary goals for the next 10 years — listed a
survey telescope as a high priority for the field.
Saturn's moon Enceladus also has a substantial reservoir
of liquid water, but the U.S. scientific community, in its most recent
decadal survey, prioritized studying Europa, which is nearer.
It was recommended by the 2003 National Academy
of Sciences» Planetary
Decadal Survey («New Frontiers in the Solar System») that this first mission to the Kuiper Belt should include flybys
of both Pluto and other KBOs in order to maximize the science return.
According to New Horizons Principal Investigator Alan Stern: «2014 MU69 is a great choice because it is just the kind
of ancient KBO, formed where it orbits now, that the
Decadal Survey desired us to fly by.
In her new position, Holley - Bockelmann's goals are to help develop the case for LISA science for the National Academy
of Science's 2020
Decadal Survey, which contains the academy's recommendations for astronomical research in the next decade.
The results
of these studies, which are expected to be made public by the end
of the year, can be seen as preparatory work, soliciting ideas from the scientific community for the next Planetary Science
Decadal Survey that is due to come out in a few years.
The text
of that bill has not been released, so whether it includes similar provisions about obtaining an NRC certification that any new Mars mission conforms with the
decadal survey is unclear.
The most recent NRC planetary science
decadal survey ranked returning a sample
of Mars to Earth as its first priority for a flagship mission, with a Europa mission second.
The NRC committee that produced the 2010
decadal survey, New Worlds New Horizons, and recommended development
of WFIRST was aware
of ESA's plans for Euclid, but ESA had not yet selected Euclid for development.
However the House bill requires that the National Research Council (NRC) certify to Congress that NASA's new Mars plan conforms with the NRC's
decadal survey priority
of missions that will ultimately return a sample
of Mars to Earth.
The bill requires, however, that the NRC certify to Congress that «the chosen mission concept will lead to the accomplishment
of Mars sample return as described in the most recent [NRC]
decadal survey.»
However, the bill also requires the National Research Council (NRC) to certify that the new Mars program will lead to accomplishment
of a Mars sample return mission as dictated by the recent NRC
Decadal Survey for planetary science or the money will be reallocated to study Jupiter's moon Europa.
As the Academies notes in their recent
decadal survey,» [t] he search for exoplanets is one
of the most exciting subjects in all
of astronomy...» The report went on to recommend «a program to explore the diversity and properties
of planetary systems around other stars, and to prepare for the long - term goal
of discovering and investigating nearby, habitable planets.»
However, that same
decadal survey went on to state that «it is too early to determine what the design
of that space mission should be, or even which planet - detection techniques should be employed.
It has been recognized by the most recent National Academy
of Sciences
decadal survey in astronomy and astrophysics as an area that is ripe for new discoveries over the next decade, and one whose excitement we are pleased to share with our colleagues at NASA, with the scientific community, and with the American public.
The National Academies»
decadal surveys are premier examples
of setting priorities with extensive community input.
The committee stressed that it was «the moderate cost, low technical risk and mature design»
of the original WFIRST concept that led the
Decadal Survey committee to make it the top priority.
Once that is done, NASA should convene additional independent reviews
of the coronagraph and
of whatever mission design NASA ultimately proposes as a new start «to ensure that the proposed mission cost and technical risk are consistent with available resources and do not significantly compromise the astrophysics balance» recommended by the
Decadal Survey.
The scientific opportunities provide a compelling case for optimizing and advancing the country's system
of observatories, even if the National Science Foundation's Astronomical Sciences Division (NSF / AST) does not yet have the resources to implement all
of the report's key recommendations without severely impacting program balance — the long - standing priority
of the NRC's
decadal surveys.
The AAS further endorses the report's key recommendations on optimizing instrumentation for, and offering broad access to, the full suite
of public and private telescopes; on developing the capacity to further investigate Large Synoptic
Survey Telescope (LSST) discoveries; on identifying the facilities needed to realize other decadal survey priorities; and on continuing technology development and astronomer training needed for the f
Survey Telescope (LSST) discoveries; on identifying the facilities needed to realize other
decadal survey priorities; and on continuing technology development and astronomer training needed for the f
survey priorities; and on continuing technology development and astronomer training needed for the future.
Dressler chaired the panel
of the NRC's 2010 astronomy and astrophysics
decadal survey, New Worlds, New Horizons (NWNH), that recommended a mission called the Wide - Field InfraRed Survey Telescope (WFIRST) as the top priority for a large space mission for the next decade of space - based astrophysics res
survey, New Worlds, New Horizons (NWNH), that recommended a mission called the Wide - Field InfraRed
Survey Telescope (WFIRST) as the top priority for a large space mission for the next decade of space - based astrophysics res
Survey Telescope (WFIRST) as the top priority for a large space mission for the next decade
of space - based astrophysics research.
The NRC conducts
Decadal Surveys for each
of NASA's space and earth science disciplines.
Over the next year we plan to turn many
of these ideas into grants, instrumentation plans, and one or more submissions into the upcoming Astro 2020
decadal survey.
Their recommended balance
of large, medium, and small - scale efforts highlights the need to maintain sufficient funds to support individual investigators, to continue a program
of technical innovation, and to train the next generation
of scientists, while also funding those facilities essential for addressing the
decadal surveys» scientific priorities.
Workshop participants laid out a number
of possible ideas for the site, and, as discussed in the «Preparations for the
Decadal Survey» article in this newsletter, we are now asking members
of the community to help us turn those ideas into a plan for the next decade or longer.
A prominent theme in today's report is a reminder that the fundamental tenet
of the NWNH
Decadal Survey is to maintain balance in NASA's astrophysics portfolio among large programs like WFIRST, smaller programs in the Explorer series, and the associated Research and Analysis (R&A) program «If implementing WFIRST / AFTA compromises the program balance then it is inconsistent with the rationale that led to the high priority ranking,» the Harrison committee warned.
A Wide Field Infra - Red
Survey Telescope (WFIRST) was the top large space priority in the report
of the ASTRO2010
Decadal Survey «New Worlds, New Horizons in Astronomy and Astrophysics».
The AAS stands behind the recommendations
of all the
decadal surveys and works to have them implemented.
The Wide - Field Infrared
Survey Telescope (WFIRST) would launch in 2020 as one
of the next generation
of telescopes that should target the early universe, search for nearby habitable planets and test the boundaries
of fundamental physics, according to the Astro2010
Decadal Survey by the National Academy
of Sciences.