Not exact matches
So if you think
of going in [a] warming direction
of 2
degrees C compared to a cooling direction
of 5
degrees C, one can say that we might be changing the Earth, you know, like 40 percent
of the kind
of change that went on between the Ice Age; and now are going back in time and so a 2 -
degree change, which is about 4
degrees F on a global average, is going to be very significant in terms
of change in the distribution
of vegetation, change in the kind
of climate zones in certain areas, wind patterns can change, so where rainfall happens is going to shift.
However, cutting emissions so that global temperatures increase by no more than 2
degrees Celsius (3.2
degrees Fahrenheit) could reduce those impacts by half, with about a quarter
of the state's natural
vegetation affected.
Even the surviving fragments
of «primary» raised bog which retain near - natural
vegetation are at risk: every site has been drained to some
degree, and since none
of them is managed positively they are all at risk.
(There's even a song about it in Nepali) Enjoying the amazing view
of snow - covered mountains and boulders standing tall on a plain beige colored land with little
vegetation, we walked against the strong wind making 60
degrees with the ground to take every step forward.
Currently, the most extensive
vegetation communities on the islands are grassland and coastal sage scrub with significant areas
of chaparral on Santa Cruz Island, and to a lesser
degree, on Santa Rosa Island.
I'm not well informed enough to comment too much on the temperate regions, however given the large tolerances evident in modern day
vegetation (where annual variations in temperate regions are much larger than 4
degrees C) I don't doubt that a global increase
of 4
degrees may have been within tolerance ranges for temperate
vegetation.
And there are other things going on too, in varying
degrees of importance, depending on places and
vegetation types.
An international team
of university and NASA scientists examined the relationship between changes in surface temperature and
vegetation growth from 45
degrees north latitude to the Arctic Ocean.
Results show temperature and
vegetation growth at northern latitudes now resemble those found 4
degrees to 6
degrees of latitude farther south as recently as 1982.
It looks like NCAR has the variable
Vegetation Species for the NCEP / NCAR Reanalysis at http://rda.ucar.edu/datasets/ds090.0/#description The University of Maryland table describing the land cover for 1 degree data from which the NCEP / NCAR vegetation species is presumably derived is at http://glcf.umd.edu/data/landcover/ (after consulting with Mike Ek
Vegetation Species for the NCEP / NCAR Reanalysis at http://rda.ucar.edu/datasets/ds090.0/#description The University
of Maryland table describing the land cover for 1
degree data from which the NCEP / NCAR
vegetation species is presumably derived is at http://glcf.umd.edu/data/landcover/ (after consulting with Mike Ek
vegetation species is presumably derived is at http://glcf.umd.edu/data/landcover/ (after consulting with Mike Ek
of NOAA).
The thermometer network is made up
of a patchwork
of non-research quality instruments that were never made to monitor long - term temperature changes to tenths or hundredths
of a
degree... Furthermore, land - based thermometers are placed where people live, and people build stuff, often replacing cooling
vegetation with manmade structures that cause an artificial warming (urban heat island, UHI) effect right around the thermometer.
The Hantemirov manuscript is apparently «in support
of his application for the
degree of doctor
of science (DSc), the highest post-graduate academic
degree» in Russia and is entitled «Dynamics
of tree
vegetation and climate change in the north
of Western Siberia in the Holocene».
These stem from a diversity
of site - specific conditions, including, but not limited to: local
vegetation; presence
of building structures and contributions made by such structures involving energy use, heating and air conditioning, etc; exposure to winds, the wind velocities determined by climatic factors and also whether certain wind directions are more favored than others by terrain or the presence or absence thereof to bodies
of water; proximity to grass, asphalt, concrete or other material surfaces; the physical conditions
of the CRS itself which include: the exact location
of the temperature sensors within it, the
degree of unimpeded flow
of external air through the CRS, the character
of the paint used; the exact height
of the instrument above the external surface (noting that when the ground is covered by 3 feet
of snow, the temperature instrument is about 60 % closer to, or less than 2 feet, above an excellent radiating surface, much closer than it would be under snow - free conditions).
What the image shows: Clouds swirl over sea ice, glaciers, and green
vegetation in the Northern Hemisphere, as seen on a spring day from an angle
of 70
degrees North, 60
degrees East.
The authors discovered that a global replacement
of current
vegetation by trees would lead to a global warming
of 2.4
degrees Fahrenheit.