Sentences with phrase «determining gene function»

The Role of the Genome Project in Determining Gene Function: Insights from Model Organisms G.L.G. Miklos and G.M. Rubin Cell (1996) 86:521 - 529

If the model organism genome projects are to be maximally useful in assigning functions to human DNA sequences, they will need to utilize the powerful tools for determining gene function that are available to them so that not only the sequences of the genes, but also their biological functions, are determined.

Two projects will be done jointly with the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm: Molecular biologist David Baillie of Simon Fraser University in Burnaby, British Columbia, was awarded $ 6.73 million to study protein function in the soil nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, and microbiologist Sherif Abou Elela of the University of Sherbrooke, Quebec, received $ 3.75 million to test modified nucleic acid technologies for determining gene function.

The article published on the journal Molecular Biology and Evolution provides the framework for posing new hypotheses on the phylogenetic relations among poriferans, determining gene function in sponges and the early evolution of molecular complexity in metazoans.

Using adipose samples from their previous studies, McNamara, Sumner and the Kemin team extracted the RNA and ran microchip array analyses to determine gene function.

3:15 PM Yeast / zebrafish: Genetic models to determine gene function and a potential therapy for an inherited anemia.

Not exact matches

After determining the proper dosage of tamoxifen — an early trial resulted in a number of mouse deaths due to overactivation of Mecp2 — researchers settled on a four - week regimen of ramping up the gene's function.

Epigenetic tags help tell genes — stretches of DNA that act as biological instruction manuals — when to switch «on» and «off,» ultimately determining cell type and function.

To determine the effect of mutations that reduce TET2 function in abnormal stem cells, the research team genetically engineered mice such that the scientists could switch the TET2 gene on or off.

«We used the Allen Human Brain Atlas data to quantify how consistent the patterns of expression for various genes are across human brains, and to determine the importance of the most consistent and reproducible genes for brain function.»

«The power of this study is that we looked at genes discovered to be over-expressed in patients» tumors and determined their function in kidney cancer, which has not been done on a large scale before,» he says.

Traditionally, gene function was determined one gene at a time, but today's microarray technology enables scientists to monitor the expression of tens of thousands of genes on a single glass slide.

The researchers developed a computational framework to determine the structure of protein interaction networks in each sample and infer which genes performed different cellular functions within these networks.

Additional research is also needed to determine how the C version of the gene affects the protein's function.

To try to determine how those changes influenced the gene's function, that group put the human version of the gene in mice.

«If there are 1,000 genes in the population that can contribute to risk in varying degrees and each has multiple developmental functions, it is not immediately obvious how to move forward to determine what is specifically related to autism,» State said.

«If you line up these [variants] and determine the likely function of the genes, do they tell the same story?»

It can take up to a year to determine the function of a single gene, which has slowed efforts to develop new, more targeted drugs and vaccines.

Eliminating genes in mice is a standard technique for determining their function; the resultant animals are called knockout mice.

«In model organisms, like yeast or flies, scientists often generate mutations to determine which letters in a DNA sequence are needed for a particular gene to function,» explains CSHL Professor Adam Siepel.

During their study, Hsu and his colleagues determined that Insl3 and a second relaxin, Rln3, whose function is unknown, evolved from an ancestral gene found in fish.

The expression of specific genes in a particular root cell determine its fate — the zone in which it will function, Subramanian explained, so he is identifying which micro-RNAs direct gene expression to achieve this differentiation.

To determine whether shifts in the balance of anterior and posterior field occurred during fin - to - limb evolution, Onimaru, postdoctoral researcher currently at Sharpe's lab (CRG), and his colleagues carefully compared the expression, function and regulation of genes involved in anterior - posterior patterning in pectoral fins of catsharks, with those of mice.

A second project, dubbed Eumorphia, will organize more than a dozen labs in nine countries to systematically screen new mouse mutants for interesting characteristics — a key step in determining the function of newly identified genes.

On 18 March, the EC announced the creation of three pan-European projects, including the twin study, a new project to identify the function of genes in mutant mice, and an effort to determine the structures of disease - related proteins.

To determine whether the FLRG transgene was causing increased muscle growth by blocking myostatin activity, I examined the effect of combining the FLRG transgene with a loss - of - function mutation in the myostatin gene.

Given that Dt2 is not the gene most closely related to AP1 and that semideterminacy is rarely seen in wild soybeans, Dt2 appears to be a recent gain - of - function mutation, which has modified the genetic pathways determining the stem growth habit in soybean.

«It is of eminent importance, for this is the biologically relevant structure of DNA that determines both gene function and activity.»

After decades of extrapolating about gene function in trees based on gene function in a tiny, less complex plant, a team of scientists has sequenced whole genomes — determined the DNA sequence of all the genes — from 544 unrelated trees of the same species.

Just like we test hypotheses about the functions of genes in genetic networks by knocking them out and replacing them, we need methods to selectively remove or inhibit specific microbes or metabolisms in microbial networks to determine their roles,» Brodie added.

«To move beyond cataloging microbes, we will need new tools to rapidly determine microbial gene function and monitor the chemicals microbes use to communicate and interact with their environment, and new ways to visualize and model those interactions,» said Eoin Brodie, a staff scientist at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory's Earth Sciences Division and an author of the proposal.

Without these tools, scientists are less able to link specific genes to cell behavior or determine how microbes interact within their environment and with one another — critical information for understanding how ocean ecosystems function.

«The mutational analysis of NOTCH clearly indicated the power of genetic changes determining the function of these genes,» said Kenneth W. Kinzler, professor of oncology and a molecular geneticist at Johns Hopkins, co-director of the Ludwig Center at Johns Hopkins, and an author of one of the Science papers.

Dr. Coyle's Laboratory for Psychiatric and Molecular Neuroscience takes advantage of insights into recently identified genes that confer risk for schizophrenia and related disorders and translates them into genetic mouse models to determine how these mutations affect brain changes as well as function, neurochemistry, and behavior.

Howard Hughes Medical Institute researchers have harnessed a mobile gene from the cabbage looper moth and modified it for routine use to determine the function of genes in mice and other vertebrates...

Armed with this knowledge, the researchers believe they can determine the cell types, cellular functions and genes that are affected by smoking, and how that varies between healthy and COPD - afflicted lungs.

Endowed with the power to control the activity of other genes, GTF2I might regulate signal pathways determining the structure and function of the brain or the production of neurohormones such as vasopressin and oxytoxin.

The IMPC builds on the efforts of IKMC to produce knockout mice and carry out high - throughput phenotyping of each line in order to determine the function of every gene in the mouse genome.

The researchers not only had to figure out how SLC16A11 performed in normal circumstances, but also then determine how mutations in the gene disrupted that function.

Kim and his colleagues were able to deduce the function of several M. jannaschii proteins based on their structures, a strategy that may prove useful in determining the functions of genes and proteins in other sequenced organisms.

By labeling HAR1 molecules in human and macaque embryos, we discovered that the RNAs functioned in neurons during patterning and layout of the cortex, 6 a brain structure that expanded greatly in size during human evolution.7 Exactly which genes HAR1 is regulating remains to be determined.

Key to the project are lab and bioinformatics exercises that will give students the unique opportunity to work with Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory researcher David Jackson in determining the cellular analysis of Arabidopsis genes of unknown function.

Her current research is focused on discovering how normal and disease melanocyte cell states establish distinct regulatory DNA landscapes, and also determining how the combination of both genetic variation within these regulatory regions and environmental cell signals alter gene expression and normal cell function.

When all the genes are sequenced, researchers will be able to seek and knock out all copies of a gene and determine its function, according to Yanofsky.

The goal of the ENU Mutagenesis project is to determine the function of genes on mouse Chromosome 11 by saturating the chromosome with recessive mutations.

By determining the function of genes on a mouse chromosome, extrapolation leads to predicting function on a human chromosome.

In this method, all the genes are ranked according to the differential expression between two classes, and the Kolmogorov - Smirnoff test is used to determine the statistical correlation of the ranked gene list to the gene set of a given biological process, pathway or molecular function.

Site - directed mutagenesis in a biologically active nucleic acid for the purpose of reverse genetics of phage Qß; method extended to DNA to determine structure - function relationships in the promoter and splice sites of the ß - globin gene.

We selected 68 genes with putative immune - related functions, macroarrayed them and determined their expression profiles following bacterial or trypanosome challenge.

Every cell in the body has the same DNA and genes, so a cell's properties and functions are determined by which genes are turned on.