In Item 128 of
the ECJ opinion it states, in part, that following the EU Ratification of the Marrakesh Treaty, Member States:»... would henceforth be required to provide for such an exception or limitation under Article 4 of that treaty.»
Not exact matches
Despite the
ECJ rejection of the retail approach to ERTA analysis, and the rejection of the conception of the «minimum harmonisation» exception proposed by AG Sharpston in Neighbouring Rights, in
Opinion 3/15 a number of Member
States (but, interestingly, not the Council) advanced an argument similar in some respects to the one advanced in Neighbouring Rights.
In my
opinion the
ECJ's decision in Taricco I that national courts must disapply the rules of statutes of limitations if they prevent Member
States from fulfilling their obligations under Article 325 TFEU (in the present case, the relevant Italian legislation) leads to perceiving serious fraud as a crime against the rights and interests of citizens, i.e., against fundamental social human rights guaranteed under Articles 2 and 3 of the Italian Constitution, and hence calls for resolving the conflict within the Italian Constitution by balancing the rights under these articles and the accused's individual rights guaranteed by the legality principle (Art. 25 (2) Const.).
Indeed, the full court of the
ECJ in
Opinion 2/15 has already underlined that ISDS rivals with domestic courts and is not part of the domestic judicial system, when it held that ISDS «removes disputes from the jurisdiction of the courts of the Member
States» (para. 292).
Although the advocate - general's
opinion is not binding, his conclusion that anti-suit injunctions issued by (a) member
state courts in support of arbitration or (b) by arbitral tribunals are not prohibited by the Brussels I (recast) will be welcomed by those who consider that the arbitration exception was unreasonably eroded by the
ECJ in West Tankers.
If the Advocate General's
Opinion is followed by the
ECJ, the powers to conclude agreements covering investment are for all intents and purposes shared between the EU and the Member
States.
«We have been waiting for a long time for a clarification issued by the
ECJ relating to the application of the VAT exemption to bitcoin transactions... In my
opinion, the most important matter behind this issue is that if the
ECJ accepts the arguments of the Advocate General, the VAT exemption would be applicable in the whole European Union, including those countries (Estonia and Poland) which
stated the contrary [applied VAT to bitcoin transactions].»