Sentences with phrase «earlier models estimated»

Not exact matches

Thankfully, in the early days (Q3 2017), estimating Model 3 sales in the U.S. was a pretty easy task, as the complete delivery volume for July took place live at the July 28th delivery event in Fremont, California.

The point to remember here is that the ultimate aim of this model is to get an overall, national - level, estimate of seat numbers and these are based, as noted earlier, on the proviso that an over-prediction in one constituency may be offset by an under - prediction in another constituency.

On early Venus, the cloudy shield stabilized the moist greenhouse and kept the planet 100 °C cooler than previous models had assumed, the researchers estimate.

«Sea - level rise could nearly double over earlier estimates in next 100 years: Researchers model effects of melting Antarctic ice sheets.»

Utilizing the largest data set of mobile phone records ever analyzed to estimate human mobility, the researchers developed an innovative model that can predict epidemics and provide critical early warning to policy makers.

Also, the new mortality estimates, while dramatically higher than the approximately 150,000 annual deaths attributed to climate change stress in WHO's last assessment in 2004, are not directly comparable to earlier studies, which relied on different models and different underlying scenarios.

Using their models of hopping and flapping from parrotlet data, the researchers estimated how four birdlike dinosaurs may have used their early winglike arms.

David Wilkinson of Liverpool John Moores University and Graeme Ruxton of the University of St Andrews, both in the UK, used population estimates from the early settlement of Polynesia to model the likely success of island settlement attempts in human prehistory.

They continue to refine the business model, but early estimates suggest that local entrepreneurs could make a profit by selling, installing, and servicing these systems.

For the paper, «Transmission dynamics and control of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) outbreak in Nigeria, July - September, 2014,» published today in Eurosurveillance, researchers used epidemic modeling to project the size of the outbreak in Nigeria if control interventions had been implemented during various time periods after the initial case and estimated how many cases had thus been prevented by early initiation of interventions.

Early tests of the model showed that it was able to estimate pain levels with about 80 % degree of accuracy, which means that the system is learning.

Earlier models «had anticipated that fertility rates in Africa would drop quickly, but they haven't,» says Adrian Raftery, a statistician at the University of Washington, who assessed the revised estimates.

A statistical forecasting model was developed to estimate the risk of dengue outbreak in this period to provide an early warning that allows sufficient time for response.

Combined with earlier water resource monitoring and hydrological modeling, the information let them estimate fluctuations in ocean mass.

Results from climate models driven by estimated radiative forcings for the 20th century (Chapter 9) suggest that there was little change prior to about 1915, and that a substantial fraction of the early 20th - century change was contributed by naturally occurring influences including solar radiation changes, volcanism and natural variability.

The authors built a statistical simulation model to estimate the 25 - year incremental costs per quality - adjusted life - year (QALY) for Oncotype DX testing in order to evaluate the cost - effectiveness of GEP testing among patients with early - stage ER - positive / HER2 - negative breast cancer treated in community oncology practices.

In 2010, a new study (which included better model atmosphere fitting) argued that the system is around six billion years old, even older than estimates of 3.7 to 4.3 billion years derived from a 2009 study based on mass and evolutionary models for the two brown dwarf companions Ba and Bb (Liu et al, 2010; and King et al, 2009), which are much older than an earlier age estimate of between 0.8 and 2.0 billion years based on the star's rotational speed (press release; Scholz et al, 2003; and Lachaume et al, 1999).

Life table modelling on the basis of these data estimated 33 % five year survival in 65 year old patients with early stage non-small cell lung cancer who continued to smoke compared with 70 % in those who quit smoking.

An earlier version of this model had been designed to estimate how much modern humans and Neanderthals interbred.

One cost model estimates that high - quality programming costs in the range of $ 8,521 per child with a class size of 20 to $ 10,375 per child with a class size of 15, if the program is a full - day, year - round, and led by a teacher with a bachelor's degree in early childhood education.Barbara Gault, Anne W. Mitchell, and Eric Williams.

Why Understanding the Costs of Preschool Quality is Important: A Webinar for Preschool Development Grantee States presents and demonstrates the use of the Cost of Preschool Quality Tool (CPQ) by the Center on Enhancing Early Learning Outcomes, an Excel based model that can be used at the state or district level to estimate the cost of expanding high quality preschool for 3 and 4 year olds.

Many of our models include a return on investment component, which uses rigorous research to estimate the returns realized by a program or by a comprehensive early childhood system.

Tesla's seven - seat Model X SUV is expected to arrive very soon, following earlier estimates for the third quarter of 2015.

The best estimates from the new analyses, based on the combined set of vehicles (1997 - 2004 models), show somewhat smaller benefits of head - protecting side airbags and larger benefits of torso airbags, compared with the earlier study.

The 2013 model goes on sale soon, but we got an early drive — that's why the price and fuel mileage are estimated.

The EPA estimates the Niro's fuel economy at 49 MPG (50 MPG for the entry - level FE model), which puts it right in Prius territory, and our early driving experiences lead us to believe that the Niro should have no problem delivering that sort of fuel economy in real - world driving.

The all - new 2019 Volkswagen Jetta, unveiled in January at the North American International Auto Show (NAIAS) in Detroit (earlier post) will offer improved EPA - estimated fuel economy for the model: 30 mpg city (7.8 L / 100 km) and 40 mpg (5.88 L / 100 km) highway, for a combined 34 mpg (6.91 L / 100 km), two mpg higher on the combined measure than the automatic transmission version of the current generation Jetta.

All of this is consistent with my earlier observation: the Investment Return calculated with the Gordon Model is close to 5.9 % these days, where Gordon Model estimates are most accurate between Years 5 and 15.

In 1969, Dr. Wilson Payne and I teamed up to develop computerized models using the formulas which he and Ben Graham devised to estimate the true fundamental value for companies 23 years earlier.

It is therefore reasonable and rational to focus on the possibility (an accurate probability estimate is not required) of the earliest plausible estimate... especially when the models have repeatedly underestimated ice loss.

From the earliest experiments model estimates have ranged from around 2 to 5 °C (for 2xCO2).

Specifically, the longwave radiation received at the surface is estimated to be significantly larger, by between 10 and 17 Wm — 2, than earlier model - based estimates.

«Trend estimates from the SOS [Start of Spring] methods as well as measured and modeled plant phenologystrongly suggest either no or very geographically limited trends towards earlier spring arrival, although we caution that, for an event such as SOS with high interannual variability, a 25 - year SOS record is short for detecting robust trends.»

One of the early objectives of the new system would be to refine the model so that it better matched the measured temperatures, thus giving better estimated temperatures.

'' Specifically, the longwave radiation received at the surface is estimated to be significantly larger, by between 10 and 17 Wm − 2, than earlier model - based estimates.»

Judith, I think falling best estimates for aerosol offsets in the SOD (compared to AR4) and simultaneous continued use of earlier (larger) aerosol offsets in the climate model simulations borders on daft.

In an earlier study the One - dimensional (1 - D) water column models have been used extensively to determine the limit of OTEC resources [Nihous, G.C., Ocean Engineering, 34, 2210 - 21, 2007], estimated to be around 3 - 5 TW (resource is self - limited by large flow rates required and temperature differences).

Errors associated with using this statistical model to determine the global average time series is estimated by subsampling the observations (primarily ship tracks) in the earlier period against reanalysis data for the modern period.

As it is, the 30 - year temperature trends of individual models, and in their collective, do not track well with those of early - 20th Century, mid-20th Century, nor early - 21st Century observed estimates.

According to the estimates made with a simple regression model, we can expect a seasonally ice ‐ free Arctic Ocean * as early as in the mid ‐ 2030s *.»

That a robust behaviour in models of apparent (effective) climate sensitivity being lower in the early years after a forcing is imposed than subsequently, rather than remaining constant, requires multiplying estimates of climate sensitivity by a further factor of ~ 1.25 in order to convert what they actually estimate (effective climate sensitivity) to ECS.

We calculate the length of time each individual is exposed to different temperatures in utero and in early childhood, and we estimate flexible regression models that allow for nonlinearities in the relationship between temperature and long - run outcomes.

The researchers used data on earlier warm periods in Earth's history to estimate climate impacts as a function of global temperature, climate models to simulate global warming, and satellite data to verify ongoing changes.

As it had turned out that even large - scale features of the model are rather sensitive to changes in the data set, particularly for the earlier part the model, the final model was obtained as the average of 2000 models where data and ages were varied within their uncertainty estimates and bootstraps on the final data sets were performed (hence version number 1b).

«The assessment is supported additionally by a complementary analysis in which the parameters of an Earth System Model of Intermediate Complexity (EMIC) were constrained using observations of near - surface temperature and ocean heat content, as well as prior information on the magnitudes of forcings, and which concluded that GHGs have caused 0.6 °C to 1.1 °C (5 to 95 % uncertainty) warming since the mid-20th century (Huber and Knutti, 2011); an analysis by Wigley and Santer (2013), who used an energy balance model and RF and climate sensitivity estimates from AR4, and they concluded that there was about a 93 % chance that GHGs caused a warming greater than observed over the 1950 — 2005 period; and earlier detection and attribution studies assessed in the AR4 (Hegerl et al., 2007b).&rModel of Intermediate Complexity (EMIC) were constrained using observations of near - surface temperature and ocean heat content, as well as prior information on the magnitudes of forcings, and which concluded that GHGs have caused 0.6 °C to 1.1 °C (5 to 95 % uncertainty) warming since the mid-20th century (Huber and Knutti, 2011); an analysis by Wigley and Santer (2013), who used an energy balance model and RF and climate sensitivity estimates from AR4, and they concluded that there was about a 93 % chance that GHGs caused a warming greater than observed over the 1950 — 2005 period; and earlier detection and attribution studies assessed in the AR4 (Hegerl et al., 2007b).&rmodel and RF and climate sensitivity estimates from AR4, and they concluded that there was about a 93 % chance that GHGs caused a warming greater than observed over the 1950 — 2005 period; and earlier detection and attribution studies assessed in the AR4 (Hegerl et al., 2007b).»

Spencer + Braswell showed, based on CERES observations, that the net feedback from clouds with warming temperature over the tropics was negative, instead of positive as estimated earlier by the IPCC models while conceding «cloud feedbacks remain the largest source of uncertainty»

The early scientific reviews suggest a couple of reasons: firstly, that modelling the climate as an AR (1) process with a single timescale is an over-simplification; secondly, that a similar analysis in a GCM with a known sensitivity would likely give incorrect results, and finally, that his estimate of the error bars on his calculation are very optimistic.

This is still very early science, and we have some estimates of what may happen to those from modelling studies, from looking at the way in which the heating of the very upper layers of the Arctic Ocean is transferred down through the depth of the ocean - even in these relatively shallow Arctic shelf regions - and then into the sediments that would allow the methane hydrates to destabilise.

The 0C - 10C range for 2xCO2 climate sensitivity encompasses ALL the published estimates I have seen, from the Spencer and Lindzen lower end of 0.6 C (from CERES and ERBE satellite observations) and the Forster and Gregory range of 0.9 C to 3.7 C (based on «purely observational evidence» — see earlier thread) to IPCC's range of 2.0 C to 4.5 C (from model simulations based largely on theoretical deliberations rather than physical observations).

Relative to 2 × CO2 equilibrium run estimates from an earlier group of models, both the mean SAF and the standard deviation are reduced.