The Berkeley
Earth Surface Temperature Study has created a preliminary merged data set by combining 1.6 billion temperature reports from 16 preexisting data archives.
By Joseph D'Aleo In the LA Times, there was a story on Richard Muller's invitation to DC to testify to congress about the Berkeley Project, which attempts to reconstruct global dataThe Berkeley
Earth Surface Temperature study is led by physicist Richard Muller, a longtime critic of the scientific consensus on climate change, who plans to -LSB-...]
Dr. Richard Muller's Berkeley
Earth Surface Temperature Study (BEST) made headlines when he announced his acceptance of what climate scientists had already been saying for over 15 years — yes, people are responsible for unnatural climate variability that scientists have documented — and surprised the country by becoming an advocate for solutions to global warming.
As Andy recently discussed, the Berkeley
Earth Surface Temperature study (BEST) results are in.
Berkeley
Earth Surface Temperature study (BEST) was partly funded by the Koch brothers, but it, too, verified the measurements of NASA.
Berkeley
Earth Surface Temperature Study: «The effect of urban heating on the global trends is nearly negligible,» Andy Skuce
Richard Muller, founder and scientific director of the Berkeley
Earth Surface Temperature Study, released a peer reviewed study concluding that climate change trends are due entirely to human carbon dioxide emissions.
Not exact matches
Muller launched his own climate
study at the University of California, Berkeley — the Berkeley
Earth Surface Temperature project — in order to better study temperature measurements, taking into account much of the concerns expressed b
Temperature project — in order to better
study temperature measurements, taking into account much of the concerns expressed b
temperature measurements, taking into account much of the concerns expressed by skeptics.
In the new
study, researchers placed tiny particles of silicon carbide (one represented by the group of tan molecules in this artist's concept) covered with graphite (hexagonal networks of gray atoms) in a vacuum chamber that duplicated the deep - space conditions surrounding many stars (
temperatures between 900 and 1500 kelvins and pressures less than one - billionth that found at
Earth's
surface).
For their paper, published in Applied Geography, researchers at the
Earth Institute at Columbia University and Battelle Memorial Institute
studied air
temperature data from weather stations, land
surface temperatures measured by satellites and socioeconomic data.
That
study addressed a puzzle, namely that recent
studies using the observed changes in
Earth's
surface temperature suggested climate sensitivity is likely towards the lower end of the estimated range.
It was discovered that Venus» slow rotational period of 117
Earth days, in conjunction with the ancient analogue of our Sun used in the
study, combined to create a hospitable
surface temperature only a few degrees cooler than the
temperature on present - day
Earth.
According to the authors of the
study, this high -
temperature atmosphere dissolved rocks on the
Earth's
surface, and carried the dissolved minerals to the upper atmosphere.
That
study addressed a puzzle, namely that recent
studies using the observed changes in
Earth's
surface temperature suggested climate sensitivity is likely towards the lower end of the estimated range.
«Computer models of
Earth's climate show that sea -
surface temperatures will rise substantially this century,» says NCAR scientist Gokhan Danabasoglu, a co-author of the
study.
The energy flow diagrams of Trenberth et al and Stephens et al show 3 mechanisms by which a warming
Earth surface can warm the troposphere and restore radiative balance: it is not reasonable to assert a priori that two of them can't matter in calculating the global mean
temperature after a doubling of CO2 concentration, when even a little
study shows that all of them will be affected.
National Research Council (2006)
Surface Temperature Reconstructions for the last 2,000 Years, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Division on
Earth and Life
Studies, The National Academies Press, Washington, D.C.
The crux of Bates» claim is that NOAA, the federal government's top agency in charge of climate science, published a poorly - researched but widely praised
study with the political goal of disproving the controversial global warming hiatus theory, which suggests that global warming slowed down from 1998 until 2012 with little change in globally - averaged
surface temperatures — a direct contrast to global warming advocates» claim that the
earth's
temperature has been constantly increasing.
The
study — «Possible Artifacts of Data Biases in the Recent Global
Surface Warming Hiatus» — was published by Science magazine in June 2015 and pushed back against assertions from other research groups that found a pause in rising global
temperatures from 1998 to 2012, which goes against climate change advocates» insistence that the
earth's
temperature has been on a steady incline for decades.
Now a modelling
study by researchers at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in La Jolla, California, indicates that a decadal La Niña - like cooling trend affecting as little as 8 % of
Earth's
surface can explain the slower rise in global
temperatures.
Earth's 2015
surface temperatures were the warmest since modern record keeping began in 1880, according to independent analyses by NASA's Goddard Institute for Space
Studies and NOAA's National Centers for Environmental Information.
It was one of several
studies conducted as part of the Berkeley
Earth Surface Temperature project.
Earth's global
surface temperatures in 2017 ranked as the second warmest since 1880, according to an analysis by scientists at NASA's Goddard Institute for Space
Studies (GISS).
This can be affected by warming
temperatures, but also by changes in snowfall, increases in solar radiation absorption due to a decrease in cloud cover, and increases in the water vapor content of air near the
earth's
surface.2, 14,15,16,17 In Cordillera Blanca, Peru, for example, one
study of glacier retreat between 1930 and 1950 linked the retreat to a decline in cloud cover and precipitation.18
A new
study of the temporary slowdown in the global average
surface temperature warming trend observed between 1998 and 2013 concludes the phenomenon represented a redistribution of energy within the
Earth system, with
Earth's ocean absorbing the extra heat.
One
study estimates that there are likely to be places on
Earth where unprotected humans without cooling mechanisms, such as air conditioning, would die in less than six hours if global average
surface temperature rises by about 12.6 ° F (7 ° C).16 With warming of 19.8 - 21.6 ° F (11 - 12 ° C), this same
study projects that regions where approximately half of the world's people now live could become intolerable.7
One criticism of the findings of previous scientific assessments is that they have relied heavily on fingerprint
studies involving changes in the
Earth's
surface temperature.
That's right, the latest climate science (some 10
studies published in just the past 3 years) indicates that the
earth's climate sensitivity — that is, how much the global average
surface temperature will rise as a result of greenhouse gases emitted from human activities — is some 33 percent less than scientists thought at the time of the last IPCC Assessment, published in 2007.
Last month the Berkeley
Earth Surface Temperature Project released the findings of its extensive
study on global land
temperatures over the past century.
A Dr. Murray Mitchell of «NOAA» conducted a survey (
study) which revealed a cooling of the
earth's
surface temperature, by half (0.5) of a degree.
The «BEST» (Berkeley
Earth Surface Temperatures)
study, under lead scientist (and former skeptic) Richard Muller, was sponsored by institutions that had previously supported the denial of the standard interpretation of the climate data.
To determine the precise impact on
Earth's
surface temperature in the future will require further
study.
«The assessment is supported additionally by a complementary analysis in which the parameters of an
Earth System Model of Intermediate Complexity (EMIC) were constrained using observations of near -
surface temperature and ocean heat content, as well as prior information on the magnitudes of forcings, and which concluded that GHGs have caused 0.6 °C to 1.1 °C (5 to 95 % uncertainty) warming since the mid-20th century (Huber and Knutti, 2011); an analysis by Wigley and Santer (2013), who used an energy balance model and RF and climate sensitivity estimates from AR4, and they concluded that there was about a 93 % chance that GHGs caused a warming greater than observed over the 1950 — 2005 period; and earlier detection and attribution
studies assessed in the AR4 (Hegerl et al., 2007b).»
Because the
temperature gradient in a planet's troposphere is the state of thermodynamic equilibrium which the Second Law of Thermodynamics says will evolve, the planet's supported
surface temperature is autonomously warmer than its mean radiating
temperature, so warm in fact on
Earth that we need radiating gases (mostly water vapour) to reduce the gradient and thus cool the
surface from a mean of about 300K to about 288K, this being confirmed by empirical evidence (as in the
study in my book) which confirms with statistical significance that water vapour cools rather than warms, all these facts thus debunking the greenhouse conjecture.
Last week, we reported on the results of the Berkeley
Earth Surface Temperature (BEST)
study, and they were, well, convincing.
In 1950, according to NASA's Goddard Institute for Space
Studies, the mean
surface temperature of the
Earth was 14 ° Celsius or 57 ° Fahrenheit.
These feedbacks are the primary source of uncertainty in how much the
earth will warm (side note: the question that most climate scientists who
study the forcing due to CO2 try to answer is, how much will the long - term globally averaged
surface temperature of the
earth rise due to an rapid rise of CO2 to twice its industrial level, that is, 270 ppm to 540 ppm; it is currently about 380 last time I checked, and rising at ~ 3ppm / year, although this rate of change appears to be accelerating).
Drew Shindell, a climatologist at NASA's Goddard Institute for Space
Studies in New York, found
Earth is likely to experience roughly 20 percent more warming than estimates that were largely based on
surface temperature observations during the past 150 years.
Beginning (near the turn of the 20th century) with the theoretical
studies of Svante Arrhenius about how infrared absorbing gases help determine the
surface temperature of the
earth; then spurred by the reexamination of those models in the 1950's, by Roger Revelle, and in the 1960's, by Jule Charney; and then James Hansen's modeling of the unique green - house - gas (GHG) forcing of the very hot atmospheric
temperature of Venus — climatologists and geophysicists began to vigorously reexamine such models in greater detail.