Sentences with phrase «earth climate model»

«Generalizing an Earth climate model to simulate other planets is a kind of «stress test» for the model.

Video lectures Google Earth and virtual Manchester Museum tours Build Your Own Earth climate model More information.

Not exact matches

Statisticians can analyze these climate models along with direct observations to learn about Earth's climate.

Climate models are complex numerical models based on physics that amount to hundreds of thousands, if not millions, of lines of computer code to model Earth's past, present and future.

Murali Haran, a professor in the department of statistics at Penn State University; Won Chang, an assistant professor in the department of mathematical sciences at the University of Cincinnati; Klaus Keller, a professor in the department of geosciences and director of sustainable climate risk management at Penn State University; Rob Nicholas, a research associate at Earth and Environmental Systems Institute at Penn State University; and David Pollard, a senior scientist at Earth and Environmental Systems Institute at Penn State University detail how parameters and initial values drive an ice sheet model, whose output describes the behavior of the ice sheet through time.

One way to get an idea of how complex feedbacks play out in Earth's climate is to use computer models.

Polar latitudes hold secrets into the earths's past climate, secrets Berry Lyons believes may provide insights into the implications of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and better models of future climate change.

New climate model projections of the world's coral reefs reveal which reefs will be hit first by annual coral bleaching, an event that poses the gravest threat to one of the Earth's most important ecosystems.

Stefan Rahmstorf and Georg Feulner of the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research in Germany modelled what would happen to temperatures on Earth if a grand minimum started now and lasted until 2100.

The consequence: either the analysed climate archives supply inaccurate temperature signals, or the tested models underestimate the regional climate fluctuations in Earth's recent history.

Finally, all the climate models assume different amounts of energy stored on Earth that is transferred to the ocean depths, which act as an enormous heat sink.

However, the gap between the calculated and measured warming is not due to systematic errors of the models, as the skeptics had suspected, but because there are always random fluctuations in Earth's climate.

The first is the development of a comprehensive, closely coordinated ensemble of simulations from 18 modeling groups around the world for the historical and future evolution of the earth's climate.

Forecasts without systematic errors: climate models, such as the model MPI - ESM LR of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, predict a significant increase in temperature by the end of this century, especially at the Earth's poles.

By improving the understanding of how much radiation CO2 absorbs, uncertainties in modelling climate change will be reduced and more accurate predictions can be made about how much Earth is likely to warm over the next few decades.

Smith and his former research assistant Andrew Mizrahi used a PNNL computer model, the Global Change Assessment Model, or GCAM, to evaluate the impact of reducing soot and methane emissions on Earth's climodel, the Global Change Assessment Model, or GCAM, to evaluate the impact of reducing soot and methane emissions on Earth's cliModel, or GCAM, to evaluate the impact of reducing soot and methane emissions on Earth's climate.

Professor Dan Lunt, from the School of Geographical Sciences and Cabot Institute at the University of Bristol said: «Because climate models are based on fundamental scientific processes, they are able not only to simulate the climate of the modern Earth, but can also be easily adapted to simulate any planet, real or imagined, so long as the underlying continental positions and heights, and ocean depths are known.»

He wants to know why Earth's global climate models break down on Venus, which has an atmosphere composed of 97 percent carbon dioxide — and what that reveals about the hidden fine - tunings of Earth models.

Three approaches were used to evaluate the outstanding «carbon budget» (the total amount of CO2 emissions compatible with a given global average warming) for 1.5 °C: re-assessing the evidence provided by complex Earth System Models, new experiments with an intermediate - complexity model, and evaluating the implications of current ranges of uncertainty in climate system properties using a simple model.

Filling in all these details will make it possible to refine the accuracy of atmospheric models and help to assess such things as strategies to mitigate specific air pollution issues, from ozone to particulate matter, or to assess the sources and removal mechanisms of atmospheric components that affect Earth's climate.

And by carefully measuring and modeling the resulting changes in atmospheric composition, scientists could improve their estimate of how sensitive Earth's climate is to CO2, said lead author Joyce Penner, a professor of atmospheric science at the University of Michigan whose work focuses on improving global climate models and their ability to model the interplay between clouds and aerosol particles.

Today's climate models are more sophisticated than ever — but they're still limited by our knowledge of the Earth.

Models used to project conditions on an Earth warmed by climate change especially need to consider how the ocean will move excess heat around, Legg said.

«The result is not a surprise, but if you look at the global climate models that have been used to analyze what the planet looked like 20,000 years ago — the same models used to predict global warming in the future — they are doing, on average, a very good job reproducing how cold it was in Antarctica,» said first author Kurt Cuffey, a glaciologist at the University of California, Berkeley, and professor of geography and of earth and planetary sciences.

Using data from earth - observing satellites and high - resolution climate models, the authors found a consistent decrease in summer cloud cover since 1995.

In a recent study, Mathias Trachsel (Dept. of Biology, University of Bergen) and Atle Nesje (Dept. of Earth Science, University of Bergen and Uni Research Climate) used simple statistical models to assess and quantify the relative importance of summer temperature and winter precipitation for annual mass balances of eight Scandinavian glaciers.

Satellite measurements and a model of how efficiently maize converts that light to mass, reveal that solar brightening, an increase in the sunlight penetrating the atmosphere and reaching Earth, accounted for 27 % of the yield increase U.S. Corn Belt farmers have observed between 1984 and 2013, researchers report today in Nature Climate Change.

The Scripps Institution of Oceanography in San Diego and Columbia University's Lamont - Doherty Earth Observatory in Palisades, New York, announced today the establishment of a center, the International Research Institute (IRI), that will use cutting - edge climate models to forecast long - term weather changes.

The recent slowdown in global warming has brought into question the reliability of climate model projections of future temperature change and has led to a vigorous debate over whether this slowdown is the result of naturally occurring, internal variability or forcing external to Earth's climate system.

«Prior analyses have found that climate models underestimate the observed rate of tropical widening, leading to questions on possible model deficiencies, possible errors in the observations, and lack of confidence in future projections,» said Robert J. Allen, an assistant professor of climatology in UC Riverside's Department of Earth Sciences, who led the study.

Erickson and his colleagues used a computer model of Earth's climate to simulate the effect of adding sulphate aerosol to the atmosphere above the industrialised regions of the globe (Geophysical Research Letters, vol 22, p 2017).

Climate models suggest that widespread glaciations couldn't take place at that time unless CO2 levels dropped to about eight times what they are at present, says Tim Lenton, an earth scientist at the University of Exeter in the United Kingdom.

The research, led by the University of Leeds and published today [12 June] in the journal FEMS Microbiology Ecology, will help improve climate change models that have previously neglected the role of microbes in darkening the Earth's surface.

«We're trying to understand how what we're doing to the Earth's atmosphere and oceans will play out in the future,» says Bette Otto - Bliesner, who runs a full - complexity climate model — and its 1.5 million lines of code — through a supercomputer named Yellowstone at the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder.

«There can be no recipe for a perfect model,» notes Robert Dickinson, a climate modeler at the Georgia Tech School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences.

Calculations of the Earth's albedo, i.e. its reflectivity of sunlight, are important for constructing reliable climate models.

James Hansen, director of NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies in New York City and a vociferous advocate for lowering global greenhouse gas emissions, was chosen for his work modeling Earth's climate, predicting global warming, and warning the world about the consequences.

Modeling the Pliocene climate can help reveal how Earth responded in somewhat similar conditions.

Ballantyne and coauthors from Northwestern University, the University of Colorado and the National Center for Atmospheric Research used a global climate model to investigate the amplification of Arctic temperatures in Earth's past.

The coalition of states can't replace federal support for science, including maintaining satellites and building better climate models, said Richard Moss, the committee's chairman and a researcher at Columbia University's Earth Institute.

On March 31 Muller testified in front of Congress and confirmed what mainstream climate scientists had been saying: Earth is warming in line with the projections of climate models.

The information could also feed into climate models to help understand the effects of clouds and aerosols on Earth's energy balance.

«For scientists to create more accurate models of Earth's current and future climate, they'll have to include more accurate representations of clouds.»

Using global climate models and NASA satellite observations of Earth's energy budget from the last 15 years, the study finds that a warming Earth is able to restore its temperature equilibrium through complex and seemingly paradoxical changes in the atmosphere and the way radiative heat is transported.

By comparing recent measurements with results from new models, the network challenged the long - debated assumption that the Sun's slight change in radiation could cause Earth's climate to change.

«I think that this research is going to have a long - term influence on how the community evaluates air quality and climate models, because the pH of particles is so important, yet mostly overlooked,» said Athanasios Nenes, a professor and Georgia Power Scholar in the School of Earth & Atmospheric Sciences and the School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and another co-author.

Likewise, while models can not represent the climate system perfectly (thus the uncertainly in how much the Earth will warm for a given amount of emissions), climate simulations are checked and re-checked against real - world observations and are an established tool in understanding the atmosphere.

To test his idea, Salzmann used a computer model of the Earth system to find out how the climate would react to a doubling of the atmospheric carbon - dioxide concentration.

The new findings of successful multi-year drought / fire predictions are based on a series of computer modeling experiments, using the state - of - the - art earth system model, the most detailed data on current ocean temperature and salinity conditions, and the climate responses to natural and human - linked radiative forcing.

Under the Decadal and Regional Climate Prediction Using Earth System Models (EaSM) program, the National Science Foundation and the U.S. Departments of Agriculture and Energy will kick in a total of $ 50 million a year for 5 years.