Sentences with phrase «effector memory t»

The most potent of these, known as effector memory T cells, are activated by a group of proteins known as human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) on the surface of endothelial cells lining the donated organ's blood vessels.

Pagès F, Berger A, Camus M, Sanchez - Cabo F, Costes A, Molidor R, Mlecnik B, Kirilovsky A, Nilsson M, Damotte D, Meatchi T, Bruneval P, Cugenc P - H, Trajanoski Z, Fridman W - H, Galon J. Effector memory T cells, early metastasis, and survival in colorectal cancer.

A recent paper in the experimental biology publication The FASEB Journal describes how peptides found in hookworms inhibit the proliferation of effector memory T cells, which, unlike regulatory T cells, can actually trigger inflammation.

In many cases the damage is caused by a particular group of immune cells called effector memory T - cells.

Single - cell differential gene expression analysis revealed a spectrum of known transcripts, including several linked to cytotoxic and costimulatory function that are expressed at higher levels in the TEMRA (effector memory T cells expressing CD45RA) subset, which is highly enriched for CD4 - CTLs, compared with CD4 + T cells in the central memory (TCM) and effector memory (TEM) subsets.

However, it is this small proportion of virus that hides in the effector memory T - cells and stops the immune system from fully destroying the virus and eliminating it from the body.

Effector memory T - cells are the cells in the body that «remember» previous infections and how to defeat them.

«Previously it was thought that HIV was hiding primarily in central memory T - cells, but our new HIV genetic sequencing test has revealed that the majority of replication - competent virus is actually hiding in effector memory T - cells.

We suspect that this «junk» HIV can act as a decoy and draw attention away from the «real» virus hiding in the effector memory T - cells,» she said.

Not exact matches

The spleen showed increased expansion of antigen - experienced effector and memory CD4 + T - cells.

«What these new findings on exhausted T cells tells us is that the unique epigenetic profile of exhausted T cells causes these cells to express a different overall set of genes compared to memory or effector T cells,» Wherry said.

The team found that exhausted T cells acquired an epigenetic profile distinct from effector or memory T cells.

His group showed that a small number of stem - cell like CD8 T cells - called «memory» cells - were enough to produce and repeatedly replenish all of the T - effector cells needed to fight the disease.

These findings suggested that exhausted T cells are a distinct lineage of T cells in and of themselves instead of just being effector or memory T cells restrained by checkpoint pathways.

The phenotype of NP cells generated ex vivo (Figure S8) closely resembles that of central memory CD4 + T cells found in vivo, which persist for years in secondary lymphoid organs and can differentiate into effector memory CD4 + T cells [45].

We will develop mathematical models to predict the pathways of differentiation from naive to memory and effector T - cell subsets based on the characterisation of surface marker expression, transcription factors and cytokines production at early and late time points after immunisation.

Elite controllers with low to absent effector CD8 + T cell responses maintain highly functional, broadly directed central memory responses.

They include reduced lymphocyte repertoire, increasing clonality and increasing autoreactivity.5, 7,8 Recent work has focused on intrinsic cell defects, which alter T cell activation threshold, induction of cellular senescence and differentiation into short - lived effector or long - lived memory cells.

Whereas acute CD8 + T cell effector responses are enhanced in DGKζ - deficient mice postinfection with intracellular pathogens, persistent memory formation is impaired, most dramatically when both DGKζ and DGKα, the other isoform of DGK that metabolizes DAG downstream of the TCR in T cells, are deleted (35, 36).

Although similar numbers of total splenic gp33 - LCMV — specific T cells were observed between genotypes (Fig. 5B), the distribution of gp33 - LCMV — specific CD8 + T cell effector and memory subsets were altered, such that there was a significantly lower percentage of short - term effector T cells and reciprocal changes in memory precursor cells among gp33 - specifc CD8 + T cells in WT relative to DKO mice (Fig. 5C), with a trend in changes in absolute cell numbers, consistent with temporal data from peripheral blood (Fig. 5A).

Six weeks postinfection, splenocytes were analyzed for gp33 - LCMV — specific total CD8 + T cells (B) or short - lived effector cells and memory precursor effector cells (C).

Consistent with prior reports on effector cells (35), we observed that, among CD8 + T cells specific for the dominant epitope of LCMV (GP33), the percentages of short - lived effector cells (KLRG1 + CD127 −) were increased, and the percentages of memory precursor cells (KLRG1 + CD127 +) were decreased in the peripheral blood of DGKζ − / −, Cbl - b − / −, and DKO mice relative to WT mice after acute infection (Fig. 5A).

Unexpected positive control of NFκB and miR - 155 by DGKα and ζ ensures effector and memory CD8 + T cell differentiation.

DKO CD8 + T cells demonstrate a strong effector response but altered memory differentiation and maintenance after LCMV infection.

Initial studies demonstrated that ligation of 4 - 1BB on T cells could deliver costimulatory signals resulting in either increased proliferation or enhanced cytokine secretion and also control clonal expansion and differentiation of effector and memory T cells.

It is rapidly re-expressed at high levels on effector / memory T cells once antigen is seen again.

Effector memory CD4 + T cells mediate graft - versus - leukemia without inducing graft - versus - host disease.

We explored how aging affects transcriptional dynamics using single - cell RNA sequencing of unstimulated and stimulated naïve and effector memory CD4 (+) T cells from young and old mice from two divergent species.