The study contributes to the increasing, international evidence which demonstrates that playing an instrument has a positive
effect on academic attainment.
Not exact matches
This included: attendance levels (studies show a positive relationship between participation in sports and school attendance); behaviour (research concludes that even a little organised physical activity, either inside or outside the classroom, has a positive
effect on classroom behaviour, especially amongst the most disruptive pupils); cognitive function (several studies report a positive relationship between physical activity and cognition, concentration, attention span and perceptual skills); mental health (studies indicate positive impacts of physical activity
on mood, well - being, anxiety and depression, as well as
on children's self - esteem and confidence); and
attainment (a number of well - controlled studies conclude that
academic achievement is maintained or enhanced by increased physical activity).
There is robust evidence that the EITC has quite large
effects on children's
academic achievement and
attainment, with potentially important consequences for later - life outcomes.
Despite decades of research describing the harmful
effects of family poverty
on children's emotional and behavioral development, eg,12 - 17 experimental or quasi-experimental manipulations of family income that could go beyond description are rare18 and tend to examine the
effect of such manipulations
on physical health or
academic attainment, rather than emotional or behavioral functioning.19, 20 Other analyses of the Great Smoky Mountains data set have focused
on educational and criminal outcomes.21 The few studies looking at emotional or behavioral outcomes tend to have a short time frame.22, 23 Some studies of school - based interventions have followed up with children through to adulthood, 24,25 but we have found none that have looked at the long - term
effects of family income supplementation
on adult psychological functioning.