Sentences with phrase «effortful control refers»
Effortful control refers to the voluntary regulation of attention and behaviour, including inhibition of undesirable behaviour and activation of appropriate behaviour.
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This term refers to a special class of self - regulatory processes that develop with the maturation of attentional mechanisms, particularly the anterior attention system.16 Although it is believed that effortful control begins to emerge at the end of the first year of life, its development continues at least through the preschool years, and again, is a likely candidate process in the development of childhood psychopathology.
Second, relations between the broad temperament dimensions (negative affectivity, surgency, and effortful control) and externalizing and internalizing problem behaviors were examined and compared between clinically referred and general population children by using multigroup path analyses in M - plus 6.11 [34].
The cumulative risk scale for temperament, for example, included low effortful control, high surgency, and high frustration (referring to the three temperamental risk factors from Table 2).
Regarding levels of temperament traits, results showed that referred children had significantly lower levels of effortful control than general population children, with less capacity to maintain attentional focus and less capacity to plan and suppress inappropriate response reactions.
We expected that referred children display higher levels of negative affectivity and lower levels of effortful control (and related fine - grained traits) than general population children.
Referred children showed less effortful control than general population children.
However, the referred children did have significantly lower effortful control than the general population children (Table 2).
Within the temperament dimension effortful control all subscales were significantly different between the groups in the expected direction, with the referred group scoring lower than the population group (Table 2).