The DOE contract continues the development of the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) technology for hydrogen production using electrolysis through a solid oxide
electrolyzer cell (SOEC).
Thin - Film, Metal - Supported High - Performance and Durable Proton - Solid Oxide
Electrolyzer Cell, Tianli Zhu, United Technologies Research Center
Rashkeev, S., and Glazoff, M., «Control of Oxygen Delamination in Solid Oxide
Electrolyzer Cells via Modifying Operational Regime,» Applied Physics Letters, Vol.
Not exact matches
Currently,
electrolyzers (machines that split water into its constituent hydrogen and oxygen) need a catalyst, namely platinum, to run; ditto fuel
cells to recombine that hydrogen with oxygen, which produces electricity.
A downside of fuel
cells, however, is that they have a capital cost in the thousands of dollars per kilowatt of capacity, and the round - trip efficiency through the
electrolyzer to the fuel
cell and then back into current is less than 50 percent — meaning that for every two kilowatt - hours put in the bank, only one comes back out again.
Oxygen electrochemistry plays a key role in renewable energy technologies such as fuel
cells and
electrolyzers, but the slow kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) limit the performance and commercialization of such devices.
Fuel
Cells Electricity from any source, such as solar, wind and even coal, can be used to break up water molecules into their hydrogen and oxygen components in a device called an
electrolyzer.
The scenarios focused on 10 to 20 years in the future, when battery and fuel
cell vehicles are expected to be in much wider use, and when solar power and
electrolyzers are cost competitive with the electric grid.
Ni also reported that with recent upgrades, their
cells can transform CO2 to CO at double the rate of other CO2 - splitting
electrolyzers of a comparable size, which could help them process large volumes of CO2 when scaled up.
Co-funded between the DOE Fuel
Cell Technologies Office and NREL, the modular
electrolyzer stack test bed (with full variable power control) coupled with hydrogen compression, storage and refueling station and (future) bio-methanation project make it unlike any system in the world.
Production of fuel
cells,
electrolyzers and hydrogen storage tanks with lower cost and higher efficiency will be enabled by the work in Research Area 2 (lead by SINTEF).
The first half is done in an
electrolyzer, which splits a water molecule into hydrogen and oxygen, and the second half in a fuel
cell, which puts them back together.
It could also * potentially * be used for storage of power from intermittent sources such as wind and solar — I stress potentially, because as yet the process isn't practical due to low efficiency and the cost of
electrolyzers and fuel
cells.
That may be changing, well, actually, since global warming is being down played and the economy sucks, it will take longer, but cheap solar panels (nanosolar) and relatively cheap hydrogen fuel
cells (Ballard power package handling units in production) with small to medium scale
electrolyzers are pretty close even with not so great hydrogen storage options.