«We know that the largest damages are through extreme weather events... [By] linking
event attribution with the damages we see and say [ing] which ones of those are made more likely by climate change (and it is by no means all of them), we can get an inventory of the impacts of anthropogenic climate change, which can then inform the loss - and - damage debate.»
Project 5: 5a)
Event attribution with CMIP5 data 5b) How does climate change alter the distribution of weather?
Not exact matches
Halphen's persuasive arrangement of evidence and assertion,
with all its allusions,
attributions, and diacritical devices, forms an analogy to the temporal arrangement of the
event he wishes to clarify.
With hurricanes, wildfires and drought, 2017 is chock - full of extreme
event candidates for next year's crop of BAMS
attribution studies.
The committee also recommends that some future
event attribution activities could be incorporated into an integrated weather - to - climate forecasting efforts on a broad range of timescales,
with an ultimate goal of providing predictive risk - based forecasts of extreme
events at lead times of days to seasons.
Overall, the chances of seeing a rainfall
event as intense as Harvey have roughly tripled - somewhere between 1.5 and five times more likely - since the 1900s and the intensity of such an
event has increased between 8 percent and 19 percent, according to the new study by researchers
with World Weather
Attribution, an international coalition of scientists that objectively and quantitatively assesses the possible role of climate change in individual extreme weather
events.
It is absolutely true that climate scientists are extremely cautious about attributing any
event to anthropogenic climate change, but an increasing number of such
attributions are being made
with high confidence in the scientific literature now.
One challenge
with storms in Germany is that climate models have trouble accurately depicting such small - scale features, but a new generation of models that should come into wider use within the next year or two do a much better job, meaning that
attribution analyses on such
events should become more feasible, van Oldenborgh said.
Just days later, a real - time analysis by scientists working
with Climate Central's World Weather
Attribution program has found that global warming has boosted the odds of such an extreme rainfall
event in the region by about 40 percent — a small, but clear, effect, the scientists say.
Ultimately, however, no one has performed a specific climate
attribution study on this
event, so we can not say
with high confidence if and to what extent climate change has altered Hurricane Harvey.»
This coupled
with the fact that such
events are not selective and often hit those countries that are least well equipped to deal
with their impacts and set these countries back years in terms of development has been the motivation behind a new partnership between the World Weather
Attribution (WWA) Initiative and the Climate & Development Knowledge Network (CDKN).
Scientists involved
with attribution efforts are hoping to keep broadening the types of
events they look at and developing methods that can be easily applied to multiple
events.
Otto, a climate scientist at the University of Oxford, also works
with Climate Central's World Weather
Attribution program, which attempts to conduct rapid attribution assessments in the days and weeks afte
Attribution program, which attempts to conduct rapid
attribution assessments in the days and weeks afte
attribution assessments in the days and weeks after an
event.
Such analysis requires an «
attribution study,» which often uses myriad runs of high - powered computer models to determine the odds of an
event occurring
with, and without, human - caused changes to the atmosphere.
Even
with «fractional
attribution» (i.e. imperfect modelling) we're pretty soon going to find we can attribute more than 100 % of the
event to various causes.
The two new papers deal
with the
attribution of a single flood
event (Pall et al), and the
attribution of increased intensity of rainfall across the Northern Hemisphere (Min et al).
Normally,
with a single
event there isn't enough information to do any
attribution, but Pall et al set up a very large ensemble of runs starting from roughly the same initial conditions to see how often the flooding
event occurred.
These
events would thus be good candidates for
attribution studies — as Bob Henson of UCAR remarked in connection
with the colorado
event:
«Since the AR4, there is some new limited direct evidence for an anthropogenic influence on extreme precipitation, including a formal detection and
attribution study and indirect evidence that extreme precipitation would be expected to have increased given the evidence of anthropogenic influence on various aspects of the global hydrological cycle and high confidence that the intensity of extreme precipitation
events will increase
with warming, at a rate well exceeding that of the mean precipitation..
Are skeptics on board
with the
attribution of current climate - related
events outlined in the Pentagon's QDR?
In the second talk, Dr Geert Jan van Oldenborgh, from the Royal National Meteorological Institute (KNMI, The Netherlands), gave the talk
with the title «
Event attribution: from research to climate service».
The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) is organizing, in collaboration
with the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP), a Summer School on
Attribution and Prediction of Extreme
Events, to be held at ICTP, Trieste (Italy).
To provide potential users of
event attribution results
with multi-thousand-member
event - sets of regional climate model output.
We are pleased to announce that we are starting a new collaborative project
with Climate Central that aims to demonstrate the feasibility of near real - time
attribution studies for extreme weather
events around the world.
From «completely consistent
with» to «ex cathedra
attribution» in one swell foop is «consistent
with» every other ex cathedra proclamation of
attribution by «climate science» to ACO2 whenever an undesirable
event, climate or otherwise, happens anywhere in the world.
Nor is this view incompatible
with the notion that the much debated IPPC
attribution claim is unjustified, rather that it is fair in that half the warming could be a 2 - sigma
event.
Attribution of past short term
events such as the MWP and LIA will always be more difficult than
with current climate change because the further back we go the less data we have, both regarding the extent of the changes that took place and the various factors which were in play.
With a robust evidence base and the right protocols in place it is now possible to run near real - time extreme weather
event attribution within days of an
event striking.
A week after the
event the climateprediction.net team, together
with the World Weather
Attribution team, provided an initial assessment of the influence of anthropogenic climate change on the likelihood of one - day precipitation
events averaged over an area encompassing northern England and southern Scotland using data and methods available immediately after the
event occurred.
Therefore
attribution is a key aspect of the understanding of climate change risks, many of which are associated
with the occurrence of extreme weather or climate
events.
Her main research interest is the quantification of uncertainty and validation of climate models, in particular
with respect to extreme
events, in order to undertake
attribution studies of extreme weather
events to external climate drivers.
Saño is referring to an emerging body of science authored by researchers from the University of Oxford's Environmental Change Institute known as Probabilistic
Event Attribution (PEA), which deals
with examining to what extent extreme weather
events can be associated
with past anthropogenic emissions.
Throughout the report, there are many
attributions of harm to more «extreme
events»
with the supposition and claim that extreme
events are more likely as a result of AGW.
Attribution of any trend in extreme weather
events to human caused climate change can not be done
with any confidence.
The strongest claim is buried in the middle of a middle paragraph: «
Attribution of any trend in extreme weather
events to human caused climate change can not be done
with any confidence.»
The problem
with attribution for single
events is, of course, that all else is never equal.
I agree that especially
with regards to extreme weather
events, I think the fractional
attribution problem is ill - posed
David — We can probably agree that
attribution of extreme
events is difficult because (1) they are uncommon, almost by definition, and therefore good data tends to be sparse, and (2) they are rarely due to a single factor, but rather are associated
with a confluence of conditions.
Attribution is defined as the process of evaluating the relative contributionsof multiple causal factors to a change or
event with an assignment of statistical confidence.
Such a dispute over a common story immediately highlights the most serious problem
with the Court's opinion: we all see what we want to see; behavioral biases like
attribution and availability lead to individualized view of
events.
Individuals
with high self - esteem made more stable and global internal
attributions for positive
events than for negative
events, leading to the reinforcement of their positive self - image.
The results revealed that (1) for females and males, higher levels of depressive symptoms correlated
with a more depressive attributional style; (2) females and males who met diagnostic criteria for a current depressive disorder evidenced more depres - sogenic
attributions than psychiatric controls, and never and past depressed adolescents; (3) although no sex differences in terms of attributional patterns for positive
events, negative
events, or for positive and negative
events combined emerged, sex differences were revealed on a number of dimensional scores; (4) across the Children's Attributional Style Questionnaire (CASQ) subscale and dimensional scores, the relation between
attributions and current self - reported depressive symptoms was stronger for females than males; and (5) no Sex × Diagnostic Group Status interaction effects emerged for CASQ subscale or dimensional scores.
This result is in line
with previous findings showing that the personality has the potential to affect employees» perceptions and appraisals of the work related environment, their causal
attributions for work related
events [41].