Measures utilized were the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ),
the Expression of Feelings Questionnaire, Parenting Sense of Competence Scale, Daily Hassles, and the Parental Satisfaction Questionnaire.
The Incope (Bodenmann, 2000) is a
questionnaire (5 - point scale) with 23 items (α = 0.80) developed on the basis
of the COPE (Carver, Scheier, & Weintraub, 1989) measuring the following subscales such as active problem - solving («I attempt to tackle and solve the problem»), positive self - verbalization («I persuade myself that I will make it»), rumination («I ruminate for a long time and keep on thinking about the occurrence»), passivity / evasion («I wait until things change on their own, even if I might be able to do something»), negative emotional
expression («I express my
feelings without considering what this means for others»), substance use («I consume something that calms me down (cigarettes, alcohol, sweets, tranquiliser»)(α = 0.52 to α = 0.80).