Externalizing symptoms decreased more rapidily in the MDFT group than the comparison group; there was no difference on internalizing symptoms.
Not exact matches
After controlling for the child's age and sex and adjusting for baseline severity of child and maternal
symptoms, there was a significantly larger
decrease in internalizing (adjusted mean score difference, 8.6; P <.001),
externalizing (6.6; P =.004), and total (8.7; P <.001)
symptoms among children of mothers who had a remission from major depressive disorder over the 3 - month period than among children of mothers whose major depressive disorder did not remit (Table 4).
The treatment group also demonstrated significant
decreases in internalizing and
externalizing symptoms over time.
Further analyses indicated significant indirect effects of MSS through increased prosocial behaviors which led to
decreased internalizing and
externalizing symptoms and then to lower levels of substance use.
Results for both groups showed positive changes in protective factors (parenting attitudes, parenting competence, and social support); diminished risk factors (depressive
symptoms, parenting stress, life stress); improved safety (physical and psychological care of children); and improved behavior (
decreased internalizing and
externalizing).
MST
decreased adolescent
externalizing and internalizing
symptoms at post treatment,
decreased incarceration at a 1.7 - year follow - up and
decreased recidivism.
For example poor quality romantic relationships are associated with alcohol and drug use,
decreased academic performance, pathological
symptoms such as
externalizing and internalizing
symptoms, rejection sensitivity in relationships, poor emotional health, and low job competence (Collins, Welsh, & Furman 2009; Harper, Dickson, & Welsh, 2006; Zimmer - Gembeck, Siebenbruner, & Collins 2001, 2004).
To examine
symptom codevelopment trajectories, we identified latent classes of individuals based on internalizing and
externalizing symptoms across ages 3 — 9 and found three
symptom codevelopment classes: normative
symptoms (low), severe -
decreasing symptoms (initially high but rapidly declining), and severe
symptoms (high) trajectories.
Program - induced increases in positive parenting,
decreases in child exposure to negative life events, and lower
externalizing symptoms significantly mediated the intervention effect on cortisol 6 years later.
There might be a positive spin - off of this generic anxiety - focused CBT treatment leading to a
decrease in co-occurring depressive
symptoms and
externalizing symptoms.
Although in our study the overall
externalizing symptoms indeed
decreased over time, we still found an interaction effect with optimal parenting of father suggesting that a perceived optimal parenting style of father further reduces
externalizing symptoms from childhood to early adulthood.
That is, internalizing
symptoms decrease the probability of alcohol use, and the timing of this protective effect depends on the co-occurrence of
externalizing symptoms, but this is not true for predicting amounts of use for users (frequency of marijuana or quantity x frequency of alcohol use).
In addition, the cascading mediation model was supported in which the Familias Unidas intervention predicted significant improvements in parent - adolescent communication at 6 months, subsequently
decreasing externalizing behaviors at 18 months, and ultimately reducing youth internalizing
symptoms at 30 months post-baseline.