Sentences with phrase «for anthropogenic emissions»

In accounting for anthropogenic emissions and removals...»

The change in emissions since pre-industrial times is estimated to lie in the range 160 — 260 TgCH4 / y, compared with the current best guess for anthropogenic emissions of 360 TgCH4 / y.

Although the gross flux is what you appear to be interested in, it is the net flux that is the relevant comparison for anthropogenic emissions, given that the gross flux largely represents churning which does not alter atmospheric concentrations, except locally on a diurnal basis, and regionally on a seasonal basis.

* CO2 was used as a proxy for all anthropogenic emissions yet the estimated sensitivity is listed for CO2 itself.

However, the paper explains it used CO2 levels as a proxy for all anthropogenic emissions.

For anthropogenic emissions it depends critically on the mixing ratio with black carbon.

Not exact matches

Jacobson, the director of Stanford's Atmosphere / Energy Program and a senior fellow at the Woods Institute for the Environment and the Precourt Institute for Energy, said almost 8.5 billion tons of atmospheric carbon dioxide — or about 18 percent of all anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions - comes from biomass burning.

• BIOTECHNOLOGY The livestock business accounts for about 18 percent of all anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions — an even larger contribution than the global transportation sector, according to the Food and Agriculture Organization.

They can accumulate large quantities of carbon, for example, which helps partially offset anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions.

For example, as much as 29 percent of global anthropogenic emissions of small particulate matter (tiny solid particles and liquid droplets from dust to metals that can penetrate deep into the lungs) come from trash fires, she estimates.

Conclusion: Total moisture available for this extreme event was 1 % to 5 % higher as a result of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions.

The researchers showed that the climate change models used by the IPCC underestimate Africa's emissions, which could account for 20 - 55 % of global anthropogenic emissions of gaseous and particulate pollutants by 2030.

In order to fill this gap, the researchers drew up anthropogenic emission maps for 2005 for every country in Africa.

Despite national and international efforts to reduce anthropogenic emissions, growing concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide will yield planetary warming and associated impacts for the foreseeable future.

For climate scientists who are skeptical that anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions will cause a dangerous amount of warming, such as Richard Lindzen and Roy Spencer, their skepticism hinges mainly on this cloud cover uncertainty.

Total anthropogenic carbon emissions modeled for in the scenarios selected by the IPCC, based on data from Table All 2.

Anthropogenic ocean acidification is currently in progress and is measurable The legacy of historical fossil fuel emissions on ocean acidification will be felt for centuries.

The mechanism for reducing anthropogenic global warming, initiated through radiative forcing of greenhouse gases, is to stop emissions and reduce their concentration in the atmosphere to levels which do not stimulate carbon feedbacks.

Having said that, I agree that climate scientists have already learned and communicated far more than enough to justify urgent action to end anthropogenic GHG emissions as quickly as possible — which numerous national and international scientific organizations, and many individual climate scientists, have explicitly called for in public statements.

So, had Bárðarbunga / Holuhraun continued for a full year at it's average rate it would have been close to 20 Mt SO2 which is about one fifth of the global anthropogenic emissions.

Empirical data for the CO2 «airborne fraction», the ratio of observed atmospheric CO2 increase divided by fossil fuel CO2 emissions, show that almost half of the emissions is being taken up by surface (terrestrial and ocean) carbon reservoirs [187], despite a substantial but poorly measured contribution of anthropogenic land use (deforestation and agriculture) to airborne CO2 [179], [216].

Anthropogenic CO2 emissions are nearly twice as large as is necessary for the measured increase in atmospheric CO2.

These approaches, however, do not account for carbon cycle feedbacks and therefore do not fully represent the net response of the Earth system to anthropogenic CO (2) emissions.

[OOOPS; this nonlinear effect puts their «alternative concept» into the realm of Trump administration «alternative facts» — BD] Although the deep ocean could dissolve 70 to 80 % of the expected anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions and the sediments could neutralize another 15 % it takes some 400 years for the deep ocean to exchange with the surface and thousands more for changes in sedimentary calcium carbonate to equilibrate with the atmosphere.

In my experience, it is quite common for deniers to claim both that the Earth is not warming and that the Earth is warming but not because of anthropogenic emissions, at the same time (eg.

Unfortunately whilst certain political commentators / manipulators and leaders sow confusion about the issue of climate change and anthropogenic emissions, and also state that taking formal action would be «bad for our economy», the firm policy required at global / regional level, the correct signal to society / industry and the global action needed will not happen.

Seeing this as a baseline, positive CO2 feedback from temperature changes, or a running out of capacity for greater uptake from CO2 accumulation, would be seen as adding more CO2 to the air in addition to anthropogenic releases, but it would have to surpass some level before it would result in a total atmospheric accumulation of CO2 greater than anthropogenic emissions (first, as a rate, and later, cummulative change).

This differs from gases like methane which do have a «real» lifetime due to reactions with hydroxyl radicals, where for any given steady state anthropogenic methane emissions are, a stabilized concentration value will eventually be reached.

The most encouraging thing for me to come from this paper is not the variance in percieved GHG and related forcing levels that may or may not constitute Dangerous Anthropogenic Interference, but the acknowledgement of the rate of change in emissions due to fuel price increases and the exponential growth of public awareness.

Moreover, the ocean (which has been responsible for absorbing as much as 80 % of anthropogenic emissions) can become saturated, or as temperatures rise in the temperate regions or winds increase in arctic regions and stir up carbon dioxide from below, act as an emitter.

«Moreover, the ocean (which has been responsible for absorbing as much as 80 % of anthropogenic emissions)»

We are more confident than ever that the globe will warm up more, and faster, for a few decades beyond the time when serious changes in anthropogenic net emissions start.

The declining signal over India shown by the GPCP decadal mode is broadly consistent with gauge measurements since the 1950s — that several research groups including my own are trying to understand, perhaps relating to emissions of anthropogenic aerosol — although there are discrepancies between these gauge - based data sets themselves (see our recent review in Nature Climate Change, for example).

Anthropogenic emissions of CO2 are increasing, and accelerating, and current proposals for reducing them present no plausible scenario in which emissions will actually peak and decline in anywhere near the time frame that is required to avoid what are generally considered «dangerous» levels of CO2 (although points 1 - 3 above suggest that the current levels are more dangerous than has been generally believed).

Add in the increase in anthropogenic emissions from fracking and the dash for gas, where do we get to then?

In a posting to the APS forum, editor Jeffrey Marque explains,» There is a considerable presence within the scientific community of people who do not agree with the IPCC conclusion that anthropogenic CO2 emissions are very probably likely to be primarily responsible for global warming that has occurred since the Industrial Revolution.»

Livestock are responsible for 12 % of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions.

Such is the case for the explanation — popular with the press when it was first proposed — that an increase in aerosol emissions, particularly from China, was acting to help offset the warming influence of anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions.

For this reason, even a total cessation of anthropogenic emissions would result in almost no significant temperature reduction for centuries, which is why I used the term «irreversible on human timescales» to describe the effeFor this reason, even a total cessation of anthropogenic emissions would result in almost no significant temperature reduction for centuries, which is why I used the term «irreversible on human timescales» to describe the effefor centuries, which is why I used the term «irreversible on human timescales» to describe the effect.

There is one and only one justification for a carbon tax — an attempt to influence the future course of the earth's climate (or, as some people prefer, to mitigate anthropogenic climate change) by trying to force down the emissions of the most abundant human - generated greenhouse gas.

The true - up period report, prepared individually for each Annex B Party, aims to facilitate the assessment of whether the aggregate anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions for the first commitment period exceed the quantities of Kyoto Protocol units valid for the first commitment period in the retirement account of that Party.

Stratospheric ozone in models is erroneously being driven CFC emissions rather than ozone destroying sulphuric acid aerosols for stratospheric volcanic eruptions, and thus also providing a spurious anthropogenic post-2000 forcing.

Stepping up action to tackle methane leaks along the oil and gas value chain is essential to bolster the environmental case for gas: these emissions are not the only anthropogenic emissions of methane, but they are likely to be among the cheapest to abate.

The Royal Society report includes references to Clark et al, 2016 in Nature Climate Change, suggesting the final sea level rise on millennia timescale caused by anthropogenic climate change (partly depending on future emissions) lies in a range between 29 to 55 metres and to DeConto & Pollard, 2016 in Nature, a study suggesting hydro - fracturing and ice cliff collapse around Antarctic ice sheets increases high end projection for sea level rise by 2100 to ± 2 metres.

It seems to me that, if there is an anthropogenic impact on recent warming (a big if for me), then that impact would be long term as long as emissions continue to rise.

Table 2: Reported anthropogenic CO2 emissions and removalsa from land - use change and forestry by sub-categories for 1990

The first is climate inertia — on very many levels, from fossil lock - in emissions (decades), ocean - atmospheric temperature inertia (yet more decades), Earth system temperature inertia (centuries to millennia) to ecological climate impact inertia (impacts becoming worse over time under a constant stress)-- all this to illustrate anthropogenic climate change, although already manifesting itself, is still very much an escalating problem for the future.

Anthropogenic carbon emissions lock in long - term sea - level rise that greatly exceeds projections for this century, posing profound challenges for coastal development and cultural legacies.

Some of the budget estimates also make an allowance for the effects of anthropogenic emissions of warming gases other than CO2, such as methane.

For those who believe we must embrace low - emissions technology (i.e. all of us who recognize the reality of anthropogenic climate change) the manifesto is oddly selective, dismissing many large - scale renewable energy technologies (especially wind power and biomass), and taking a skeptical view of solar energy's potential.