Sentences with phrase «for sea surface temperature change»

«For sea surface temperature change, you would have to do it over a very large area and you would have to do it quickly,» he said.

Not exact matches

So while it may take decades for warming at the sea surface to change deep - sea temperatures, alterations in wind - driven events may have more immediate effects.

The results suggest that the impact of sea ice seems critical for the Arctic surface temperature changes, but the temperature trend elsewhere seems rather due mainly to changes in ocean surface temperatures and atmospheric variability.

Kevin Trenbeth, a climate scientist at the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder, Colo., said the study didn't account for changes in sea surface temperatures, which are the main drivers of changes in the position of the rain belts (as is seen during an El Nino event, when Pacific warming pushes the subtropical jet over the Western U.S. southward).

For example, tides, winds and sea surface temperature could disrupt their migration habits, and ocean color — referring to the water's chemical and particle content — could reflect changes in the food chain.

The data, in the form of infrared images of the Earth's surface, is used to detect changes in sea surface temperatures for research -LSB-...]

Here, we report on local and global changes in MHW characteristics over time as recorded by satellite and in situ measurements of sea surface temperature (SST) and defined using a quantitative MHW framework, which allows for comparisons across regions and events1.

Scientists use a large drill to remove parts of the coral to analyse for information about changes in rainfall and sea surface temperature.

They wrote that their comparisons of sea - level pressures, sea - surface temperatures and land - based air temperatures provided «consistent evidence for strong» regulation of temperatures by changes in ocean cycles «from monthly to century time scales.»

For significant periods of time, the reconstructed large - scale changes in the North Pacific SLP field described here and by construction the long - term decline in Hawaiian winter rainfall are broadly consistent with long - term changes in tropical Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) based on ENSO reconstructions documented in several other studies, particularly over the last two centuries.

When this model is run with a standard, idealised global warming scenario you get the following result for global sea surface temperature changes.

However, climate change is causing abnormally high sea - surface temperatures, which is causing corals to bleach during summer months (see below for detail).

Past summer, extratropical temperature changes appear, for example, to have have differed significantly from annual temperature changes over the entire (tropical and extratropical) Northern Hemisphere, and tropical Pacific Sea Surface Temperatures appear to have varied oppositely with temperatures in the extratropical regions oTemperatures appear to have varied oppositely with temperatures in the extratropical regions otemperatures in the extratropical regions of the globe.

The basic problem is that method for measuring sea surface temperature has changed over time and across different ships, and this needs to be corrected for.

It is widely realized that WWii saw changes in the construction of sampling buckets for sea surface temperature measurement, and many navies switching to water intake temperatures in compiling data from ships at sea.

For the «business - as - usual» scenario RCP8.5, the model - mean changes in 2090s (compared to 1990s) for sea surface temperature, sea surface pH, global O2 content and integrated primary productivity amount to +2.73 °C, − 0.33 pH unit, − 3.45 % and − 8.6 %, respectiveFor the «business - as - usual» scenario RCP8.5, the model - mean changes in 2090s (compared to 1990s) for sea surface temperature, sea surface pH, global O2 content and integrated primary productivity amount to +2.73 °C, − 0.33 pH unit, − 3.45 % and − 8.6 %, respectivefor sea surface temperature, sea surface pH, global O2 content and integrated primary productivity amount to +2.73 °C, − 0.33 pH unit, − 3.45 % and − 8.6 %, respectively.

For example, temperature changes on sea surfaces can signal widespread weather shifts like El Niño.

Until you can all agree on whether changes in soil moisture are due to lower solar, or due to higher CO2, use solely sea surface temperatures for global mean surface T change.

Titel Een nieuwe zeeoppervlaktetemperatuur proxy gebaseerd op membraanlipiden van plankton van Archaea: de TEX86 Abstract Determination of past sea surface temperatures (SST) is of primary importance for the reconstruction of natural climatic changes.

As a result, directly comparing the Sea Surface Temperature data from the early 20th century to the current Sea Surface Temperature data is like «comparing apples and oranges» — there have been too many changes in the data sources for such comparisons to have much meaning.

These are measurements of sea surface temperature and atmospheric pressure over more than 100 years which show evidence for abrupt change to new climate conditions that persist for up to a few decades before shifting again.

Sea surface temperature (SST) measured from Earth Observation Satellites in considerable spatial detail and at high frequency, is increasingly required for use in the context of operational monitoring and forecasting of the ocean, for assimilation into coupled ocean - atmosphere model systems and for applications in short - term numerical weather prediction and longer term climate change detection.

Subsequently, climate change has been greatly affected as Antarctic Intermediate Water have cooled and exerted a tremendous effect on tropical sea surface temperatures for millions of years via «ocean tunneling».

For the ENSO indicators that use an updating baseline by which to compute sea surface temperature anomalies, it would be tough to see changes one way or the other (at least in the indicator).

available peer - reviewed, science - based evidence to model the implications of their proposals for atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, global mean surface temperature, sea level rise, and other climate change impacts at the global scale.

Ocean warming: «Assessing recent warming using instrumentally homogeneous sea surface temperature records» «Tracking ocean heat uptake during the surface warming hiatus» «A review of global ocean temperature observations: Implications for ocean heat content estimates and climate change» «Unabated planetary warming and its ocean structure since 2006»

For example, let's say that evidence convinced me (in a way that I wasn't convinced previously) that all recent changes in land surface temperatures and sea surface temperatures and atmospheric temperatures and deep sea temperatures and sea ice extent and sea ice volume and sea ice density and moisture content in the air and cloud coverage and rainfall and measures of extreme weather were all directly tied to internal natural variability, and that I can now see that as the result of a statistical modeling of the trends as associated with natural phenomena.

Tapster, Dan, 167 Tata Steel Corporation, 44 Taylor, Mitch, 137 Taylor, Richard, 107 - 108 Temperature, global, 10, 14, 16, 47 - 48, 51, 53, 55 - 56, 58 - 69, 79 - 80, 86 - 87, 89 - 92, 94, 97 - 99, 101, 105 - 108, 110, 120, 133, 135 - 136, 140, 147, 159 - 160, 162, 169, 180, 182, 239 - 240, 242, 246 proxy, 58, 60, 64, 66, 69, 76, 159 - 160 record (data), 145, 147 - 153, 160 - 161, 169 sea surface (SST), 58 - 62, 68 - 69, 116 - 118, 139, 238, 240 Texas A & M University, 167 Texas Tech University, 116 The Book of Icelanders, 56 The Chilling Stars, 96 The Climate Crisis, 120 The Foundation Center, 175 The Guardian, 124 The New York Times, 103, 105 The Population Bomb, 32 The Weather Makers, 10 TNO Management Consultants, 22 Tornado, 114 - 116, 119 - 120, 125, 240 Trenberth, Kevin, 67, 119, 162 - 163, 170, 238 Trent University, 156 Troposphere, 89 - 91, 96, 105 Tunesia, 157 Turner, Jonathan, 28 Turner, Ted, 33 Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, 35, 167 - 168, 225

Many variables — rainfall, sea surface temperature, fisheries, cyclone frequency — all are observed in empirical evidence — hard data — to change abruptly and for lessor or longer periods.

Combine the satellite trend with the surface observations and the umpteen non-temperature based records that reflect temperature change (from glaciers to phenology to lake freeze dates to snow - cover extent in spring & fall to sea level rise to stratospheric temps) and the evidence for recent gradual warming is, well, unequivocal.

Here we show that accounting for recent cooling in the eastern equatorial Pacific reconciles climate simulations and observations.We present a novel method of uncovering mechanisms for global temperature change by prescribing, in addition to radiative forcing, the observed history of sea surface temperature over the central to eastern tropical Pacific in a climate model.

How hurricanes develop also depends on how the local atmosphere responds to changes in local sea surface temperatures, and this atmospheric response depends critically on the cause of the change.23, 24 For example, the atmosphere responds differently when local sea surface temperatures increase due to a local decrease of particulate pollution that allows more sunlight through to warm the ocean, versus when sea surface temperatures increase more uniformly around the world due to increased amounts of human - caused heat - trapping gases.25, 26,27,28

Type 3 downscaling is applied, for example, for seasonal forecasts where slowly changing anomalies in the surface forcing (such as sea surface temperature) provide real - world information to constrain the downscaling results.

Mototaka Nakamura, a senior scientist at the Japan Agency for Marine - Earth Science and Technology, analyzed surface temperatures of the Greenland Sea from 1957 to the present and how they affect climate change.

They wrote that their comparisons of sea - level pressures, sea - surface temperatures and land - based air temperatures provided «consistent evidence for strong» regulation of temperatures by changes in ocean cycles «from monthly to century time scales.»

Importantly, the changes in cereal yield projected for the 2020s and 2080s are driven by GHG - induced climate change and likely do not fully capture interannual precipitation variability which can result in large yield reductions during dry periods, as the IPCC (Christensen et al., 2007) states: ``... there is less confidence in the ability of the AOGCMs (atmosphere - ocean general circulation models) to generate interannual variability in the SSTs (sea surface temperatures) of the type known to affect African rainfall, as evidenced by the fact that very few AOGCMs produce droughts comparable in magnitude to the Sahel droughts of the 1970s and 1980s.»

The slab ocean model is a computationally efficient scheme that allows sea surface temperatures to interact with the atmosphere; and is necessary for propagating energy imbalances due to land cover change that lead to shifts in precipitation.

Because the GISS analysis combines available sea surface temperature records with meteorological station measurements, we test alternative choices for the ocean data, showing that global temperature change is sensitive to estimated temperature change in polar regions where observations are limited.

«Assessing recent warming using instrumentally homogeneous sea surface temperature records» «Tracking ocean heat uptake during the surface warming hiatus» «A review of global ocean temperature observations: Implications for ocean heat content estimates and climate change» «Unabated planetary warming and its ocean structure since 2006»

Sea surface temperatures change at many scales for many reasons.

280 Though I can not find any literature on equatorial warming triggering reorganization for the D - O events, there are reports, for the glacial - interglacial transition, that Pacific sea surface temperatures warmed 3,000 years before changes in ice volumes.

Normally you can run GCM for centuries with a stable realistic surface temperature, but take the CO2 out, and in 5 - 10 years it has dropped 30 C in global average temperature and is half - covered in sea ice due to a powerful water vapor feedback in response to any global temperature change.

How hurricanes develop also depends on how the local atmosphere responds to changes in local sea surface temperatures, and this atmospheric response depends critically on the cause of the change.23, 24 For example, the atmosphere responds differently when local sea surface temperatures increase due to a local decrease of particulate pollution that allows more sunlight through to warm the ocean, versus when sea surface temperatures increase more uniformly around the world due to increased amounts of human - caused heat - trapping gases.18, 25,26,27 So the link between hurricanes and ocean temperatures is complex.

Observed changes in (a) global average surface temperature; (b) global average sea level rise from tide gauge (blue) and satellite (red) data and (c) Northern Hemisphere snow cover for March - April.

Ocean acidification, rising ocean temperatures, declining sea ice, and other environmental changes interact to affect the location and abundance of marine fish, including those that are commercially important, those used as food by other species, and those used for subsistence.16, 17,18,122,19,20,21 These changes have allowed some near - surface fish species such as salmon to expand their ranges northward along the Alaskan coast.124, 125,126 In addition, non-native species are invading Alaskan waters more rapidly, primarily through ships releasing ballast waters and bringing southerly species to Alaska.5, 127 These species introductions could affect marine ecosystems, including the feeding relationships of fish important to commercial and subsistence fisheries.

Multi-model mean changes in surface air temperature (°C, left), precipitation (mm day — 1, middle) and sea level pressure (hPa, right) for boreal winter (DJF, top) and summer (JJA, bottom).

What he does not do, and should have done is plotted the change in the effect over time against some emperical measure of either temperature or surface heat content (either OHC directly for when we have the data, or glacial extents, or sea levels).

the sea surface temperature hasn't changed in over 140 years), or is it the net energy released by the ENSO cycle has balanced out to zero (in which case how was that net energy release calculated for the first part of the record)?

Regional circulation patterns have significantly changed in recent years.2 For example, changes in the Arctic Oscillation can not be explained by natural variation and it has been suggested that they are broadly consistent with the expected influence of human - induced climate change.3 The signature of global warming has also been identified in recent changes in the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, a pattern of variability in sea surface temperatures in the northern Pacific Ocean.4

Since the scaling factor used is based purely on simulations by CMIP5 models, rather than on observations, the estimate is only valid if those simulations realistically reproduce the spatiotemporal pattern of actual warming for both SST and near - surface air temperature (tas), and changes in sea - ice cover.