There are plenty, but for a conservative example see IPCC Synthesis Report 2007 Table 5.1 which says to stay within 2 - 2.4 degrees
global average temperature increase above pre-industrial (Copenhagen upper «low risk» target) and 425 - 490ppm CO2 - equivalent concentration at stabilisation, the required change in global CO2 emissions in 2050 (percent of 2000 emissions) is decline between 85 to 50 percent.
(ppm) Year of Peak Emissions Percent Change in global emissions
Global average temperature increase above pre-industrial at equilibrium, using «best estimate» climate sensitivity CO 2 concentration at stabilization (2010 = 388 ppm) CO 2 - eq.
Not exact matches
WHEREAS, in furtherance of the united effort to address the effects of climate change, in 2010 the 16th Session of the Conference of the Parties to the UNFCC met in Cancun, Mexico and recognized that deep cuts in
global greenhouse gas emissions were required, with a goal of reducing
global greenhouse gas emissions so as to hold the
increase in
global average temperature below 2 °C
above pre-industrial levels;
WHEREAS, in furtherance of the united effort to address the effects of climate change, in 2015 the 21st Session of the Conference of the Parties to the UNFCC met in Paris, France and entered into a historic agreement in which 195 nations, including the United States, were signatories and agreed to determine their own target contribution to mitigate climate change by holding the
increase in the
global average temperature to well below 2 °C
above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the
temperature increase to 1.5 °C
above pre-industrial levels, among other terms (the «Paris Agreement»);
«This Agreement, in enhancing the implementation of the [2015 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change], including its objective, aims to strengthen the
global response to the threat of climate change, in the context of sustainable development and efforts to eradicate poverty, including by: (a) Holding the
increase in the
global average temperature to well below 2 °C
above pre-industrial levels and pursuing efforts to limit the
temperature increase to 1.5 °C
above pre-industrial levels, recognizing that this would significantly reduce the risks and impacts of climate change; (b)
Increasing the ability to adapt to the adverse impacts of climate change and foster climate resilience and low greenhouse gas emissions development, in a manner that does not threaten food production; and (c) Making finance flows consistent with a pathway towards low greenhouse gas emissions and climate - resilient development.
On Dec. 12, 2015, the 21st Conference of the Parties to the U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change approved the Paris Agreement committing 195 nations of the world to «holding the
increase in the
global average temperature to well below 2 °C
above preindustrial levels and pursuing efforts to limit the
temperature increase to 1.5 °C.»
Published today in the journal Nature Geoscience, the paper concludes that limiting the
increase in
global average temperatures above pre-industrial levels to 1.5 °C, the goal of the Paris Agreement on Climate Change, is not yet geophysically impossible, but likely requires more ambitious emission reductions than those pledged so far.
The Paris Agreement sets the goal of holding the
increase in the
global average mean
temperature to well below 2 °C
above preindustrial levels but calls for efforts to limit that
increase to 1.5 °C.
«(A) describe
increased risks to natural systems and society that would result from an
increase in
global average temperature 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit (2 degrees Celsius)
above the pre-industrial
average or an
increase in atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations
above 450 parts per million carbon dioxide equivalent; and
Even so, the IPCC estimates
above indicate: 1) Total Net Atmospheric Carbon Emissions to 2100 will amount to ~ 2050 PgC (or more) on current Trends, 2) A BAU projected estimate would push CO2 to ~ 952 ppm by 2100 (or more), and 3)
Global average temperature increase / anomaly would be as high as ~ 6.8 C by 2100
The main aim of the Paris Agreement is to keep a
global average temperature rise this century well below 2 degrees Celsius and to drive efforts to limit the
temperature increase even further to 1.5 degrees Celsius
above pre-industrial levels.
Two decades after the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, most governments have agreed that limiting the
increase in the
average surface
temperature of the Earth to 2 degrees Celsius
above pre-industrial levels would represent a tolerable amount of
global warming.
His full quote says: ``... to hold the
increase in
global average temperature below 2 oC
above pre-industrial levels.»
This is the difference between countries» pledged commitments to reduce emissions of heat - trapping greenhouse gases after 2020 and scientifically calculated trajectories giving good odds of keeping
global warming below the threshold for danger countries pledged to try to avoid in climate talks in 2010 (to «hold the
increase in
global average temperature below 2 °C
above pre-industrial levels»).
Aware of the broad scientific view that the
increase in
global average temperature above pre-industrial levels ought not to exceed 2 degrees C, we support an aspirational
global goal of reducing
global emissions by 50 percent by 2050, with developed countries reducing emissions by at least 80 percent by 2050, and recognizing the critical importance of development, including poverty eradication, in developing countries.
The draft states: «We recognise the scientific view that the
increase in
global average temperature above pre-industrial levels ought not to exceed two degrees centigrade.»
(a) To hold the
increase in the
global average temperature [below 1.5 °C][or][well below 2 °C]
above pre-industrial levels by ensuring deep reductions in
global greenhouse gas [net] emissions;...
In the landmark Paris Climate Agreement, the world's nations have committed to «holding the
increase in the
global average temperature to well below 2 °C
above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the
temperature increase to 1.5 °C
above pre-industrial levels».
Present estimates are that limiting the
increase in
global average surface
temperature to no more than 2 — 2.5 °C
above its 1750 value of approximately 15 °C will be required to avoid the most catastrophic, but certainly not all, consequences of climate change.
But even if this new trend continues, «it is not yet at a rate that would meet the long - term
temperature goal of the Paris Agreement of holding the
increase in the
global average temperature to well below 3.6 °F (2 °C)
above preindustrial levels.»
The Paris Agreement1 «aims to strengthen the
global response to the threat of climate change... by: Holding the
increase in the
global average temperature to well below 2oC
above pre-industrial levels...»
The COP, by decision 1 / CP.17, noted with grave concern the significant gap between the aggregate effect of Parties» mitigation pledges in terms of
global annual emissions of greenhouse gases by 2020 and aggregate emission pathways consistent with having a likely chance of holding the
increase in
global average temperature below 2 °C or 1.5 °C
above pre-industrial levels.
The Met Office had previously estimated the most likely
global temperature increase to be 0.54 C
above the 1971 - 2000
average during the period 2012 to 2016.
In fact, significant emission reductions of 60 % -80 % compared to 1990 will be necessary by 2050 to reach the strategic objective of limiting the
global average temperature increase to not more than 2 °C
above pre-industrial levels.
The reason I am persisting with this is that I think there has been no plateau in
Global warming over the last 10 years, as every year has been
above average thus the average of the population is increasing, meaning Annual Global Average Temperature has been incr
average thus the
average of the population is increasing, meaning Annual Global Average Temperature has been incr
average of the population is
increasing, meaning Annual
Global Average Temperature has been incr
Average Temperature has been
increasing.
This included the long - term goal of limiting the maximum
global average temperature increase to no more than 2 degrees Celsius
above pre-industrial levels, subject to a review in 2015.
For
increases in
global average temperature of less than 1 to 3 °C
above 1980 - 1999 levels, some impacts are projected to produce market benefits in some places and sectors while, at the same time, imposing costs in other places and sectors.
The Commonwealth declaration avoided setting a numerical limit to
global temperature rise, saying only, «We stress our common conviction that urgent and substantial action to reduce
global emissions is needed and have a range of views as to whether
average global temperature increase should be constrained to below 1.5 degrees or to no more than 2 degrees Celsius
above pre-industrial levels.»
Substantial scientific evidence indicates that an
increase in the
global average temperature of more than 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit (°F)(or 2 degrees Celsius [°C]-RRB-
above pre-industrial levels poses severe risks to natural systems and to human health and well - being.
[Hold] the
increase in the
global average temperature to well below 2 °C
above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the
temperature increase to 1.5 °C
above pre-industrial levels, recognizing that this would significantly reduce the risks and impacts of climate change
At the heart of the Paris Agreement is the «long - term goal» committing almost 200 countries to keep the
global average temperature increase to «well below 2 °C»
above pre-industrial levels.
The Paris Agreement achieved at COP21 aims to strengthen the
global response to the threat of climate change namely by «holding the
increase in the
global average temperature to well below 2 °C
above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the
temperature increase to 1.5 °C
above pre-industrial levels, recognizing that this would significantly reduce the risks and impacts of climate change.»
Likely, but not for certain, and there is ongoing debate that an
increase of even 1.5 degrees
above the
global,
average, preindustrial
temperature would be too risky to chance.
«(A) describe
increased risks to natural systems and society that would result from an
increase in
global average temperature 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit (2 degrees Celsius)
above the pre-industrial
average or an
increase in atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations
above 450 parts per million carbon dioxide equivalent; and
The 2015 Paris Agreement includes a two - headed
temperature goal: «holding the
increase in the
global average temperature to well below 2 °C
above pre-industrial levels and pursuing efforts to limit the
temperature increase to 1.5 °C.
Friends of the Earth welcomes the EU's official objective to keep the
global average temperature increase below 2 C,
above which impacts are expected to become catastrophic.
Reaffirming the unwavering commitment of parties to keep
global average temperature increase well below 2 degrees C
above pre-industrial levels and the continuum approach between mitigation, adaptation, loss & damage and finance that is required to ensure equity before 2020.
b. All nations agreed to limit the
increase in
global average temperatures to «well below 2 °C
above pre-industrial levels» — the level beyond which scientists believe the Earth will likely begin to experience rapid
global warming and to «pursue efforts to limit the
temperature increase to 1.5 °C
above pre-industrial levels», a warming amount which may also cause serious
global harms particularly to many poor, vulnerable nations.
Holding the
increase in the
global average temperature to well below 2 ℃
above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the
temperature increase to 1.5 ℃
above pre-industrial levels, recognising that this would significantly reduce the risks and impacts of climate change.
But for the past four years, even though negotiators have never arrived at a plan for avoiding dangerous climate change, they have agreed on a goal: limiting the
increase in the Earth's
global average surface
temperature to 2 °C (3.6 °F)
above the preindustrial level.
Last month's jump in
global temperatures represents an
increase of 1.35 C
above the
average temperature level for the period 1951 - 80 and 1.63 C
above pre-industrial levels, taking
global temperature for the month
above the 1.5 C rise that last year's Paris climate was supposed to prevent.
The main aim of the Paris Agreement is to keep a
global average temperature rise this century well below 2 degrees Celsius and to drive efforts to limit the
temperature increase even further to 1.5 degrees Celsius
above pre-industrial levels.
No single mitigation option in the energy supply sector will be sufficient to hold the
increase in
global average temperature change below 2 °C
above pre ‐ industrial levels.
The Paris Agreement committed countries to addressing the «significant gap» between their current pledges and «aggregate emission pathways consistent with holding the
increase in the
global average temperature to well below 2 °C
above preindustrial levels,» while also «pursuing efforts to limit the
temperature increase to 1.5 °C
above preindustrial levels.»
Paleoclimatological Context and Reference Level of the 2 °C and 1.5 °C Paris Agreement Long - Term
Temperature Limits The Paris Agreement adopted in December 2015 during the COP21 conference stipulates that the increase in the global average temperature is to be kept well below 2 °C above «pre-industrial levels» and that efforts are pursued to limit the temperature increase to 1.5 °C above «pre-industrial lev
Temperature Limits The Paris Agreement adopted in December 2015 during the COP21 conference stipulates that the
increase in the
global average temperature is to be kept well below 2 °C above «pre-industrial levels» and that efforts are pursued to limit the temperature increase to 1.5 °C above «pre-industrial lev
temperature is to be kept well below 2 °C
above «pre-industrial levels» and that efforts are pursued to limit the
temperature increase to 1.5 °C above «pre-industrial lev
temperature increase to 1.5 °C
above «pre-industrial levels.»
That has
increased to a proper storm from October 2015 — the first month to show
global temperature anomalies of more than 1 degree
above the 1951 - 1980 climate
average (so higher still
above... Continue reading →
Ultimately, the latest scientific understanding of climate change allied with current emission trends and a commitment to «limiting
average global temperature increases to below 4C
above pre-industrial levels», demands a radical reframing of both the climate change agenda, and the economic characterization of contemporary society.
The Paris Agreement on mitigating climate change seeks to limit emissions with the goal of holding the
increase in the
global average temperature to well below 2 C
above preindustrial levels while also pursuing efforts to limit the
temperature increase to 1.5 C.
Parties [shall][agree to] to take urgent action and enhance [cooperation][support] so as to (a) Hold the
increase in the
global average temperature [below 2 °C][below 1.5 °C][well below 2 °C][below 2 °C or 1.5 °C][below 1.5 °C or 2 °C][as far below 2 °C as possible]
above pre-industrial levels by ensuring deep cuts in
global greenhouse gas [net] emissions.
The overwhelming majority of the world's scientists agree that any
increase in
average world
temperatures that exceeds 2 degrees Celsius (3.6 degrees Fahrenheit)
above the pre-industrial era — some opt for a rise of no more than 1.5 degrees Celsius — will alter the
global climate system drastically.