«GHGs Direct» covers CO2, CH4, and
H2O as water vapor; «GHGs Amplified» consists mostly of AGW - induced increases in water vapor and AGW - induced releases of CH4; «HEAT BUFFERS» consist primarily of the oceans; and «LATENT HEAT» consists mostly of melting ice.
Not exact matches
In particular, aircraft jet engines produce carbon dioxide (CO2),
water vapor (
H2O), nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), oxides of sulfur (SOx), unburned or partially combusted hydrocarbons (also known
as volatile organic compounds, or VOCs), particulates, and other trace compounds.
(PS regarding Venus —
as I have understood it, a runaway
water vapor feedback would have occured when solar heating increasing to become greater than a limiting OLR value (Simpson - Kombayashi - Ingersoll limit — see http://chriscolose.wordpress.com/2010/08/23/climate-feedbacks-part-1/ — although I should add that at more «moderate» temperatures (warmer than today), stratospheric
H2O increases to a point where H escape to space becomes a significant
H2O sink — if that stage worked fast enough relative to solar brightening, a runaway
H2O case could be prevented, and it would be a dry (er) heat.
But the boiling point of heavy
water,
as well
as heavy oxygen
water (
H2O ^ 18 rather than
H2O ^ 16) are higher than that of normal
water, and are found in
water vapor in the atmosphere at lower concentrations when the global temperature is low.
He was the first to measure that certain gases, such
as carbon dioxide (CO2) and
water vapor (
H2O), trap heat in our atmosphere.
H2O or
water in 100 x more common
as a
vapor in the atmoshere, and 40x
as common when measured by weight.
Adding the influence of
water vapor concentration to the density profile makes the difference between the densities of the two cases a little larger, because
water vapor lowers the density
as H2O molecules are lighter than average for dry air.
Fortunately,
as depicted in Figure 2 (orange «thermal down surface» arrow), some of this energy does stay in the atmosphere, where it is sent back toward Earth by clouds, released by clouds
as they condense to form rain or snow, or absorbed by atmospheric gases composed of three or more atoms, such
as water vapor (
H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O), and methane (CH4).
Any argument or purported climate scientist that fails to acknowledge
WATER VAPOR (
H2O)
as the principle GHG in climate science forecasting is committing fraud.
According to NASA, the major GHG's are: «Atmospheric gases that cause this effect include
water vapor (
H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) and flourinated (high global warming potential gases,
as well
as halons).
Gases that absorb and trap this IR radiation, such
as water vapor (
H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) are known
as «greenhouse gases».
Strangely,
as Solomon et al. clearly are not aware that the sun does not shine at night, whereas the opacity (OPQ, a term unknown to the IPCC) of the sky becomes relevant, if we replace AVGLO by OPQ, then we have these results, that OPQ has a larger role than [CO2], but without being statistically significant, whereas the main player
as before is the ESRL's «precipitable
water», i.e., atmospheric
water vapor, denoted here
as [
H2O], hugely statistically significant (t stat = 3.39, well above the benchmark 2.0).
Roughly
water vapor, 36 — 70 % and carbon dioxide, 9 — 26 % indicates
H2O gas is about 4 times
as effective, yet there is 5 times more
H2O gas
as compared to the weaker CO2 gas.