Sentences with phrase «hall effect observed»

Not exact matches

When the shuttle launches began, NASA - affiliated scientists began collecting water samples to observe the environmental effects, said Carlton Hall, program manager for the Kennedy Space Center Ecological Program.

Specifically, the researchers have reported the clearest demonstration of such seemingly paradoxical conducting properties and observed the «half integer quantum Hall effect» on the surface of a topological insulator.

To understand how it does so, you have to know a little about the Hall effect itself — a phenomenon named after the physicist Edwin Hall, who first observed and reported it in 1879.

«When it was theorized that the quantum Hall effect could be observed in four - dimensional space,» said Mikael Rechtsman, assistant professor of physics and an author of the paper, «it was considered to be of purely theoretical interest because the real world consists of only three spatial dimensions; it was more or less a curiosity.

«This robustness of electron flow — the quantum Hall effect — is universal and can be observed in many different materials under very different conditions.»

But so far he has not observed the quantum Hall effect, suggesting that something crucial separates his graphene from the kind made with adhesive tape.

The observed phenomenon is closely related to the relativistic intrinsic spin Hall effect which Jörg Wunderlich, Jairo Sinova, and Tomas Jungwirth discovered in 2004 following a prediction of Sinova and co-workers in 2003.

They applied a magnetic field to graphene and observed that its resistance (the drag on a current) increased in a stepwise pattern called the quantum Hall effect.

Kane's calculations suggested that electrons would move through this one - atom - thick material in a way that reminded him of the quantum Hall effect: a phenomenon first observed in 1980.

Situational factors observed to impact on parental / caregiver coping include the availability of treatment services (e.g., Gray 2006), clinician referrals to support resources (e.g., Mandell and Salzer 2007), family functioning (e.g., Altiere and von Kluge 2009), and the combined effects of community support availability and child behavior problems (e.g., Hall 2012).