Concern over these mercury «hot spots» was dismissed by Holmstead, but
higher mercury concentrations were later confirmed in a study on the U.S. Atlantic Coast.
Higher mercury concentrations in shallower waters could increase the amount of toxin accumulating in food fish, exposing humans to greater risk of mercury poisoning, Lamborg says.
This approach differs greatly from a previously recognized enzymatic pathway, which is only effective at very
high mercury concentrations.
The plankton have
higher mercury concentration but lower calories, so the fish grow less efficiently.
49 U.S. states have issued fish consumption advisories due to
high mercury concentrations in freshwater bodies throughout the country.
Not exact matches
The FDA Monitoring Program data set, which includes only 19 spiny dogfish specimens, puts the average
mercury concentration in dogfish over 0.5 parts per million —
high enough to result in an advisory for women of reproductive age and children in many states.
In a new study published in the journal Environmental Science and Technology, Assistant Professor of Meteorology Christopher Holmes writes that thunderstorms have 50 percent
higher concentrations of
mercury than other rain events.
«We detected the frequent presence of hazardous elements, such as bromine, cadmium,
mercury and lead, in very
high concentrations in some cases,» says Dr. Andrew Turner, co-author of the study, based at the University of Plymouth, UK.
The inset map is a computer model of Asian
mercury emissions across the Pacific Ocean at an altitude of 20,000 feet in April 2004, while atmospheric chemist Dan Jaffe was picking up significant
mercury readings on Mount Bachelor (the
highest concentrations are in red).
Almost half resulted from the smelting of metals — especially zinc, because its ores contain a
high concentration of
mercury.
Countries ringing the North Atlantic Ocean, where the
mercury concentration is among the
highest recorded in the study, may be particularly vulnerable.
«According to our measurements,
mercury concentrations at Beijing are alarmingly
high, especially in the heating period,» geoecologist Stefan Norra says.
The findings, published in the journal Environmental Research, show a relatively
high average
mercury concentration in umbilical cord blood (8.2 micrograms per litre), with a 24 % of samples exceeding the WHO's provisional tolerable weekly intake equivalent.
With
high growth in fish, the
mercury is diluted, resulting in lower
concentrations in their tissues.
There are two reasons for this: the bottom - dwelling prey have lower
mercury concentrations but also are
higher in calories, allowing the fish to gain weight more efficiently and grow faster.
So the toxin in the fish must come from elsewhere, perhaps hydrothermal vents, which are likely to have
high concentrations of
mercury and to host sulfate - reducers, he says.
In waterways, bacteria convert elemental
mercury to methylmercury, an organic form that accumulates in food chains, increasing in
concentration higher up the chains.
Concentrations of methyl
mercury, the most poisonous form of the metal, are now so
high in freshwater fish and marine mammals in some parts of the Arctic that they could not be sold legally in Canada, Environment Canada reports.
To lower
mercury levels, Dr. Ludwig recommend avoiding fish that tend to have
high concentrations, such as swordfish, tuna, and shark.
Specifically, SUPERB homed in on 44 foods known to have
high concentrations of toxic compounds: metals, arsenic, lead, and
mercury; pesticides chlorpyrifos, permethrin, and endosulfan; persistent organic pollutants dioxin, DDT, dieldrin, and chlordane; and the food processing byproduct acrylamide.
As a result, Inuit women who eat seal and whale meat have far
higher concentrations of PCBs and
mercury in their breast milk than women who live in the most industrialized areas of the world, and they pass these poisons to their infants, leaving them susceptible to disease.
The average
concentration of
mercury in the eight products was 1.78 parts per million, more than four times
higher than the «safe» level of 0.4 set by the government of Japan.
However, both sediment records of atmospheric deposition of Hg2 + species at
high northern latitudes and atmospheric GEM
concentrations inferred from Greenland firn air support the conclusion that transfer of anthropogenic inorganic
mercury through the atmosphere to terrestrial and marine reservoirs occurs on a large scale.
In this paper, we present results from a natural archive that provides a unique history of gaseous elemental
mercury concentrations at middle and
high northern latitudes.
Hence, atmospheric GEM
concentrations inferred from Greenland firn air and global anthropogenic Hg emissions have exhibited consistently similar trends during the most recent decades (Fig. 2), suggesting that the atmospheric reservoir of
mercury at mid - and
high - northern latitudes has been driven mainly by anthropogenic emissions during the last decades.
If a batch of coal has an especially
high concentration of
mercury, by capturing more of the stack vapors with a new pollution control add on, more
mercury becomes more concentrated in the fly ash and / or in a scrubber solution.