Human stem cells show much promise for regenerative medicine because they can transform into various specialized cell types, including bone and cartilage cells.
Muscles from mice treated with modified
human stem cells show human dystrophin - producing muscle fibers (yellow) integrated among mouse muscle fibers (red).
Laboratory tests, where the membrane was applied to
human stem cells shows very encouraging results.
Not exact matches
«We've been hearing about their potential for more than a decade, but the results have always been in mice and rats, and no one has
shown they're safe or effective in
humans long term,» says Robert Lanza of Advanced
Cell Technology in Marlborough, Massachusetts, the company that carried out the stem cell intervent
Cell Technology in Marlborough, Massachusetts, the company that carried out the
stem cell intervent
cell intervention.
In August 2006, Lanza and his co-authors published a paper in Nature
showing that a single
cell could be plucked from an 8 -10-
cell human embryo and grown into
stem cells.
Previous research
shows human induced pluripotent
stem cells (hiPSCs)-- generated directly from adult
cells — can express markers for a wide variety of
cells, including those that secrete NP.
For example, animal studies have
shown that neurons derived in the lab from
human embryonic
stem cells improve Parkinson's symptoms; however, any residual
stem cells associated with those neurons could form masses of unwanted
cells.
This image
shows an implanted graft of cardiac
cells derived from
human stem cells (green) meshed and beat with primates» heart
cells (red).
Varghese and her team
showed that they could control the differentiation of
human pluripotent
stem cells into functional osteoblasts — bone - building
cells — simply by adding the molecule adenosine to their growth medium.
Pre-clinical studies have
shown it to be effective in eliminating a number of different kinds of cancers
cells, including cancer
stem cells from
human breast cancer patient biopsies.
The two reports also
showed that Zika virus infected and damaged neuronal
stem cells harvested from mice and
humans.
The results obtained by Afsaneh Gaillard's team and that Pierre Vanderhaeghen at the Institute of Interdisciplinary Research in
Human and Molecular Biology
show, for the first time, using mice, that pluripotent
stem cells differentiated into cortical neurons make it possible to reestablish damaged adult cortical circuits, both neuroanatomically and functionally.
Clinical trials have
shown that injection of
human umbilical
stem cells, or hUTC, into the retina helps preserve and restore vision in macular degeneration patients.
The results, which are published in the scientific journal Scientific Reports,
show that
human stem cells that are transplanted to the injured spinal cord contribute to restoration of some sensory functions.
The vlincRNAs were
shown to be present in cancerous
cells as well as
stem cells and normal
human tissues.
Ko first cloned the
human GT198 gene while a postdoctoral fellow at Harvard Medical School, and subsequent studies by her and others have
shown it has multiple roles that also include regulating
stem cells,
cell suicide and turning other genes off and on.
Investigators at the Cedars - Sinai Heart Institute — whose previous research
showed that cardiac
stem cell therapy reduces scarring and regenerates healthy tissue after a heart attack in
humans — have identified components of those
stem cells responsible for the beneficial effects.
In the new study, Lipton and his colleagues used
human stem cell and mouse models to
show exactly how SNO can trigger
cell death in Parkinson's disease.
Prior research with cultured tissue had
shown that a mix of chemicals could change bone marrow
stem cells from mice to those resembling brain
cells, but when a team led by neurologist Lorraine Iacovitti of Thomas Jefferson University in Philadelphia tried the same brew on
human cells, the number altered was modest.
Most experiments with
human stem cells have only
shown that the
cells can acquire the phenotype of various differentiated
cell types, but have not
shown that the
cells are functional at the transplantation site.
Last month, Shinya Yamanaka at Kyoto University
showed he could transform adult skin
cells into
cells akin to
human embryonic
stem cells.
In a statement put on the Web this morning, NIH reported that all 64 lines «
show characteristics of
stem cell morphology» and have undergone several population doublings, and most of them have demonstrated all the protein markers «known to be associated with
human embryonic
stem cells.»
The existence of cancer
stem cells has already been reported in a number of
human cancers, explains Professor Jacobsen, but previous findings have remained controversial since the lab tests used to establish the identity of cancer
stem cells have been
shown to be unreliable and, in any case, do not reflect the «real situation» in an intact tumour in a patient.
This image
shows an expression of the
stem cell gene Musashi in
human pancreatic cancer.
Stem cells obtained in mice also
show totipotent characteristics never generated in a laboratory, equivalent to those present in
human embryos at the 72 - hour stage of development, when they are composed of just 16
cells.
Finally, the group examined
human neural
stem cells extracted from people with schizophrenia and found that these, too,
showed higher levels of L1.
Recent research by neuroscientist Fred Gage and colleagues at the University of California (UC), San Diego, has
shown that one of the most common types of jumping gene in people, called L1, is particularly abundant in
human stem cells in the brain that ultimately differentiate into neurons and plays an important role in regulating neuronal development and proliferation.
Using
stem cells harvested from
human bone marrow, researchers transplanted
cells into mice modeling ALS and already
showing disease symptoms.
A study published today in Science
shows that the Zika virus hijacks a
human protein called Musashi - 1 (MSI1) to allow it to replicate in, and kill, neural
stem cells.
Previous research in rodent disease models has
shown that transplanted oligodendrocyte precursor
cells derived from embryonic
stem cells and from
human fetal brain tissue can successfully create myelin sheaths around nerve
cells, sometimes leading to dramatic improvements in symptoms.
The mice
show many of the symptoms that
human patients do, and so they were an especially good candidate to test iPS
cells» abilities, says
stem cell researcher Rudolf Jaenisch of the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, both in Cambridge, who collaborated with Townes on the project.
Skin
cells reprogrammed to act like embryonic
stem cells — a breakthrough first reported in
human cells 2 weeks ago — are already
showing promise as a therapeutic agent.
One team in Japan, and another in the US, have independently
shown it is possible to produce embryonic - like
stem cells directly from a patient's own skin
cells without having to create and destroy a cloned
human embryo first.
Human embryonic
stem cell - derived neurons (green)
showing nuclei in blue.
Experiments conducted by lead author Fatima Syed - Picard, Ph.D., also of Pitt's Department of Ophthalmology, and the team
showed that
stem cells of the dental pulp, obtained from routine
human third molar, or wisdom tooth, extractions performed at Pitt's School of Dental Medicine, could be turned into corneal stromal
cells called keratocytes, which have the same embryonic origin.
In 2009, Reijo Pera
showed that it is possible to generate functional, sperm - producing germ
cells from
human embryonic
stem cells grown under certain conditions in the laboratory.
Though Hwang Woo - suk, a South Korean scientist claimed to have created the first
human embryonic clone and derived a
stem -
cell line from it in 2004 his work was later
shown to be fraudulent.
In this image, a novel type of
human stem cell is
shown in green integrating and developing into the surrounding
cells of a nonviable mouse embryo.
They have already
shown that they can transform
human fibroblast
cells into pluripotent
stem cells, and now plan to start working on delivering the proteins needed to differentiate
stem cells into specialized tissues.
At present, there are no embryonic
stem -
cell treatments approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, and most
human studies of such therapies have
shown unremarkable results.
If we can
show an improvement in those adult
stem cells it may not be that big a jump to
humans, where COPD increases with age.»
Here we
show that it is feasible to differentiate and mature
human embryonic
stem cells (hESCs) into functional -LSB-...]
Scientists at the University of Cambridge have for the first time
shown that it is possible to derive from a
human embryo so - called «naïve» pluripotent
stem cells — one of the most flexible types of
stem cell, which can develop into all
human tissue other than the placenta.
One caveat is that the authors also observed that one of the eight
human embryonic
stem cell lines established following spindle transfer
showed a drift in mitochondrial heteroplasmy in a subset of
stem cells, despite low levels of carryover detected in the embryo.
A recently published paper
showed that mice with colon cancer can be «vaccinated» with
human embryonic
stem cells and have a significant immune response against the cancer (Li et al., 2009).
The work, as detailed in the journal
Stem Cells, shows that only a bit of creative manipulation is needed to turn skin cells into human white blood c
Cells,
shows that only a bit of creative manipulation is needed to turn skin
cells into human white blood c
cells into
human white blood
cellscells.
Here, we
show that a non-adherent,
stem - like, and metastatic CSC - enriched subpopulation could be isolated by exposing
human metastatic breast cancer
cell lines to cycles of chronic hypoxia followed by reoxygenation.
Human heart
cells grown from
stem cells show less - robust muscle fibers (green) in the presence of high levels of glucose (left) than when glucose levels were lower (right).
The group recently produced data
showing that
stem cells from
human hair follicles also differentiate into contractile smooth muscle
cells.
He and colleagues have also succeeded in differentiating
human pluripotent
stem cells into retinal (RPE)
cells, and has
shown that they provide long - term benefit in animal models of vision loss.