Sentences with phrase «ice bubbles from»

Dry Ice Bubbles from Not Just Cute — This amazing experiment lets children explore dry ice to make bubbles.

Not exact matches

Tried out two different recipes to make homemade sprinkles - the first of which I saw here, the second being a bit more of a royal icing... The first batch [on the right] I kept very thick, and it was firm enough to set, but ended up settling as little bubble shaped dots... does anyone out there remember the candy from the 80's that had bright dots on strips of paper, you know, the ones that never quite came off the backing the way they were supposed to... [Read more...]

My spread icing sometimes has bubble holes in it... is this from over-mixing or being too thick?

Usually when icing has bubbles it is from getting «mixed» too much and too much air exposure.

Lovebirds from around the world come to say their vows in the ice chapel and bubbling, steaming hot tubs assemble a Nordic Spa under the stars.

An ice core is a core sample from the accumulation of snow and ice over many years that have recrystallized and have trapped air bubbles from previous time periods.

Growth rates for concentrations of carbon dioxide have been faster in the past 10 years than over any 10 - year period since continuous atmospheric monitoring began in the 1950s, with concentrations now roughly 35 percent above preindustrial levels (which can be determined from air bubbles trapped in ice cores).

After a glaciologist from Alaska believed she heard trapped air bubbles escaping the ice, she teamed with other scientists from Texas to eavesdrop on bits of melting glacier ice taken from Gulkana Glacier in Alaska.

To their surprise, the ice bubbled like boiling water at temperatures between -210 C / -346 F and -120 C / -184 F. Analysis of the gas showed it to be hydrogen molecules, which the researchers believe were formed from methanol and ammonia broken up by UV irradiation.

In the lab, the team found that the noises emanating from the ice closely correlated with observations of popping bubbles, both in timing and loudness.

Researchers have a record of atmospheric carbon dioxide stretching back millions of years thanks to ice cores from Antarctica, which contain trapped gas bubbles, snapshots of ancient air.

In their experiment at Taylor Glacier in Antarctica, the researchers put several 300 - kilogram (about 660 pounds) chunks of ice into a container and melted it to release the air from the bubbles, which was then stored in flasks.

By comparing the EPICA air bubbles data to that from other ice cores and marine sediments, researchers can create a reliable picture of the climate over time.

Confirmation of this idea requires a direct record of the ancient atmosphere — and this can be recovered by analysing the air that became trapped in tiny bubbles within ice as the snow it formed from fell to Earth.

Although scientists have analysed gases from tiny bubbles trapped in ice cores drilled in polar ice caps, there are doubts about how closely the composition of the bubbles matches that of the atmosphere at the time they were trapped (see New Scientist, Science, 22 August).

One evening, while drinking a whiskey on rocks chipped off an ice core sample, Lorius watched bubbles get liberated from the ice.

As ice crystals form at a bubble's base, the change from liquid to solid releases heat.

Here, at the West Antarctic Ice Sheet Divide, Kendrick Taylor and his team of glaciologists drill into ancient ice to pull up ice cores, which trap bubbles of the atmosphere from the time that ice fell as snIce Sheet Divide, Kendrick Taylor and his team of glaciologists drill into ancient ice to pull up ice cores, which trap bubbles of the atmosphere from the time that ice fell as snice to pull up ice cores, which trap bubbles of the atmosphere from the time that ice fell as snice cores, which trap bubbles of the atmosphere from the time that ice fell as snice fell as snow.

The second step involved calculating Earth's energy balance for this time period, using estimates of greenhouse gas concentrations extracted from air bubbles in ice cores, and incorporating astronomical factors, known as Milankovitch Cycles, that effect the planetary heat budget.

Instead, the main source of the clamor occurs when bubbles disengage from the melting glacier and suddenly spring back into their original spherical shapes after thousands of years of being squeezed by the ice.

The heat from those eruptions would have melted massive amounts of ice to form englacial lakes — bodies of water that form within glaciers like liquid bubbles in a half - frozen ice cube.

«During Norwegian winters, sea surface water is colder than at depth, so by lifting warmer water to the surface using bubble curtains, we can prevent the fjords from icing up», he says.

Scientists know that from studying air bubbles trapped in ancient ice in Greenland and Antarctica.

Earth is no stranger to comets, of course, which in our solar system come from two main regions: the Kuiper Belt, which circles the cosmic block around Neptune, Pluto, and beyond; and the Oort Cloud, a bubble of ice lumps that surrounds the solar system at such great distances we've never even seen it.

Five millennia of surface temperatures and ice core bubble characteristics from the WAIS Divide deep core, West Antarctica.

These mineral particles likely formed in scalding water bubbling from rock below the moon's ice - capped ocean, new lab studies suggest.

For the most recent glacial periods ice cores provide climate proxies from their ice, and atmospheric samples from included bubbles of air.

Five millennia of surface temperatures and ice core bubble characteristics from the WAIS Divide deep core, West Antarctica, Paleoceanography, 31 (3), p. 416 - 433.

Differentiating bubble - free layers from melt layers in ice cores using noble gases, Journal of Glaciology, 61 (227), p. 585 - 594.

See: Methane Bubbling From Arctic Lakes, Now And At End Of Last Ice Age http://www.climateark.org/shared/reader/welcome.aspx?linkid=86725

«the European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctica (EPICA) established a precise link between climate records from Greenland and Antarctica using data on global changes in methane concentrations derived from trapped air bubbles in the ice.&raqIce Coring in Antarctica (EPICA) established a precise link between climate records from Greenland and Antarctica using data on global changes in methane concentrations derived from trapped air bubbles in the ice.&raqice.»

These measurements, supplemented by analyses of air bubbles trapped in ice core samples, show unequivocally that atmospheric CO2 has increased from a pre-industrial level of 277 ppm in 1750 to present day concentrations that are approaching 390 ppm.

Elsewhere in the same paper, Archer describes how this could come from the methane trapped in the ice being smoothed through «diffusion within the fern or heterogeneous bubble closure depth,» or simply through the methane sampling not being dense enough, where the maxima of release could be overlooked [Archer, Methane hydrate stability and anthropogenic climate change, Biogeosciences, 2007].

When the ice from a certain layer is crushed — say, a layer known to be 2,000 years old — tiny bubbles of ancient air are released, the composition of which reflects the composition of the atmosphere 2,000 years ago.

In the websites from the Siple and Vostok sites you can find that it takes 60 - 80 meters for the snow (fern) to be compressed to form ice which has bubbles trapped.

We don't really know the magnitude of that lag as well as Barton implies we do, because it is very challenging to put CO2 records from ice cores on the same timescale as temperature records from those same ice cores, due to the time delay in trapping the atmosphere as the snow is compressed into ice (the ice at any time will always be younger older than the gas bubbles it encloses, and the age difference is inherently uncertain).

Ice from 400 — 900 meters proved to be much more brittle than deeper ice and was characterized by an abundance of highly compressed air bubblIce from 400 — 900 meters proved to be much more brittle than deeper ice and was characterized by an abundance of highly compressed air bubblice and was characterized by an abundance of highly compressed air bubbles.

And they included measurements of CO2 in air from the firn from the surface to the closing depth of the air bubbles in the ice, again with different equipment.

Data has also been gathered from ice cores that contain ancient air bubbles.

Relaxation of ice from the brittle zone occurs primarily as a result of expansion of pressurized air bubbles.

We know from bubbles of air trapped in ice cores that before the industrial revolution, the amount of CO2 in the air was approximately 280 parts per million (ppm).

For periods before 1958, CO2 levels are determined from air bubbles trapped in polar ice cores.

At closing depth, direct in - situ measurements of CO2 in firn, thus of still open bubbles, and from ice, thus already fully closed bubbles, via the normal route of drilling ice, transport, crushing under vacuum, measuring the levels, both show the same CO2 levels.

Two new features on Nature Reports Climate Change pay homage to the work of scientists who, over the last few decades, have been tireless in their efforts to extract clues about the Earth's past climate from air bubbles, isotopes and dust particles trapped in ice.

There are various theories about where this Carbon dioxide comes from but the rise is clear in air bubbles in ice cores.

Carbon dioxide is best studied in bubbles from Antarctic cores, where the ice is fewer potential contaminants than ice from Greenland; in general, see Alley (2000), p. 103.

Your readers may be interested to learn that it takes many years before gas bubbles in polar ice sheets are sealed from contact with the atmosphere.»

Proxy data such as those generated from ice core samples, measurements of tree rings intervals, bore samples taken from sediments from the ocean and sea floor, and measurement of gases from bubbles trapped in ice are some examples of preserved physical characteristics of the past used by scientists to reconstruct prevailing climatic conditions in the past.

«Until 1985, the published CO2 readings from the air bubbles in the pre-industrial ice ranged from 160 to about 700 ppmv, and occasionally even up to 2,450 ppmv.

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Deprived Societies» (12/19/00) «HIV Epidemic Restructuring Africa's Population» (10/31/00) «Fish Farming May Overtake Cattle Ranching As a Food Source» (10/3/00) «OPEC Has World Over a Barrel Again» (9/8/00) «Climate Change Has World Skating on Thin Ice» (8/29/00) «The Rise and Fall of the Global Climate Coalition» (7/25/00) «HIV Epidemic Undermining sub-Saharan Africa» (7/18/00) «Population Growth and Hydrological Poverty» (6/21/00) «U.S. Farmers Double Cropping Corn And Wind Energy» (6/7/00) «World Kicking the Cigarette Habit» (5/10/00) «Falling Water Tables in China» (5/2/00) Top of From Cigarettes» (2/18/04) «Troubling New Flows of Environmental Refugees» (1/28/04) «Wakeup Call on the Food Front» (12/16/03) «Coal: U.S. Promotes While Canada and Europe Move Beyond» (12/3/03) «World Facing Fourth Consecutive Grain Harvest Shortfall» (9/17/03) «Record Temperatures Shrinking World Grain Harvest» (8/27/03) «China Losing War with Advancing Deserts» (8/4/03) «Wind Power Set to Become World's Leading Energy Source» (6/25/03) «World Creating Food Bubble Economy Based on Unsustainable Use of Water» (3/13/03) «Global Temperature Near Record for 2002: Takes Toll in Deadly Heat Waves, Withered Harvests, & Melting Ice» (12/11/02) «Rising Temperatures & Falling Water Tables Raising Food Prices» (8/21/02) «Water Deficits Growing in Many Countries» (8/6/02) «World Turning to Bicycle for Mobility and Exercise» (7/17/02) «New York: Garbage Capital of the World» (4/17/02) «Earth's Ice Melting Faster Than Projected» (3/12/02) «World's Rangelands Deteriorating Under Mounting Pressure» (2/5/02) «World Wind Generating Capacity Jumps 31 Percent in 2001» (1/8/02) «This Year May be Second Warmest on Record» (12/18/01) «World Grain Harvest Falling Short by 54 Million Tons: Water Shortages Contributing to Shortfall» (11/21/01) «Rising Sea Level Forcing Evacuation of Island Country» (11/15/01) «Worsening Water Shortages Threaten China's Food Security» (10/4/01) «Wind Power: The Missing Link in the Bush Energy Plan» (5/31/01) «Dust Bowl Threatening China's Future» (5/23/01) «Paving the Planet: Cars and Crops Competing for Land» (2/14/01) «Obesity Epidemic Threatens Health in Exercise - Deprived Societies» (12/19/00) «HIV Epidemic Restructuring Africa's Population» (10/31/00) «Fish Farming May Overtake Cattle Ranching As a Food Source» (10/3/00) «OPEC Has World Over a Barrel Again» (9/8/00) «Climate Change Has World Skating on Thin Ice» (8/29/00) «The Rise and Fall of the Global Climate Coalition» (7/25/00) «HIV Epidemic Undermining sub-Saharan Africa» (7/18/00) «Population Growth and Hydrological Poverty» (6/21/00) «U.S. Farmers Double Cropping Corn And Wind Energy» (6/7/00) «World Kicking the Cigarette Habit» (5/10/00) «Falling Water Tables in China» (5/2/00) Top of page