Sentences with phrase «immune cells block»

Binding of adenosine to the A2A receptor on immune cells blocks the activation and effector functions of anti-tumor immune cells and promotes a regulatory, immune - suppressive phenotype.

The adenosine A ₂ ₐ receptor is the main adenosine receptor expressed on immune cell subsets including T - cells, NK cells and dendritic cells and binding of adenosine to the A ₂ ₐ receptor on immune cells blocks the activation and effector functions of anti-tumor immune cells and promotes a regulatory, immune - suppressive phenotype.

Not exact matches

By administering a complementary antibody, they blocked the function of two such immune checkpoints, whereby different types of endogenous T - cells were activated.

Commenting on the study for ESMO, Dr Olivier Michielin, head of Personalised Analytical Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland, said: «Omaveloxolone's novel mechanism of action is to block MDSCs, cells known to suppress the immune response.

Transplant recipients take rapamycin because it blocks the production of a range of different immune cells.

Based on these ex vivo experiments (in cells isolated from patients and then exposed to PD - L1 blocking agents outside of the body), they predict that when actual patients are given PD - L1 blocking agents, their viral load at the time will influence the «net» outcome, i.e., whether the blockage boosts or weakens the overall anti-HIV immune response.

This drug (vedolizumab) blocks a specific adhesion molecule on the surface of the T - cell and thereby inhibits immune cells from binding themselves to receptors present in the intestine, preventing the T - cells from penetrating the blood vessels in the intestinal tissue.

An unknown component of breast milk appears to kill HIV particles and virus - infected cells, as well as blocking HIV transmission in mice with a human immune system.

Checkpoint inhibitors block that handshake, which alerts immune cells to cancer cells and target them for destruction.

Like a cruel form of mind control, some cancerous tumours can reprogram some immune cells to «block» other immune cells from attacking, leaving the tumour free to grow.

The drug blocks CTLA - 4, a protein receptor on the surface of T - cells that serves as a molecular stop sign, preventing the immune system from going into overdrive.

Patients received a tandem of lenalidomide, a drug that kills tumor cells, blocks blood vessel growth, and acts on the immune system, and dexamethasone, an anti-inflammatory agent, plus one of three new agents:

The patients received biweekly infusions of nivolumab, which is an antibody that blocks a protein called PD - 1 on the surface of immune system T cells.

The drug caused immune cells called macrophages to eject their cholesterol, an important effect because cholesterol - laden macrophages help trigger artery - blocking plaques.

The human immune system wants to produce antibodies that bind to the glycoprotein to stop infection, but the glycans block immune cells from seeing their targets and developing useful antibodies.

However, immune cells may be blocked by inhibitory molecules, which serve as checkpoints to alleviate or «turn off» the immune system response, Gu explained.

The drug's mechanism of action was entirely new: Instead of attacking cancer cells (like chemo), or indiscriminately revving up the immune system (like IL - 2), ipilimumab blocked a single receptor on one type of immune cell.

In an effort to block Aire and prevent the immune system from killing off T - cells that might recognize melanoma, researchers tested a compound, an anti-RANKL antibody in mice.

The study, published in the Journal of Neuroscience, found that when microglia, the brain's resident immune cells, were blocked, female response to opioid pain medication improved and matched the levels of pain relief normally seen in males.

Scientists had thought that a mother somehow suppresses her immune responses to the baby, or that the placenta blocks her immune cells.

Because previous work in rats and monkeys has found that proteins that block the costimulatory signal can hold T cells at bay, Kim Olthoff, a transplant surgeon at the University of Pennsylvania Medical Center in Philadelphia, thought her team could achieve a targeted immune suppression by getting the transplanted organ itself — rather than proteins injected into the bloodstream — to block the costimulatory signal.

Allison pioneered immune checkpoint blockade, an approach that treats the immune system, rather than the tumor directly, by blocking molecules on T cells that shut those attack cells down, protecting tumors from immune response.

«Our study reveals a previously unknown mechanism that we might be able to block to make tumors «visible» again to attacking immune cells, perhaps in combination with other immunotherapies,» says Miller, also an associate professor in the Department of Cell Biology.

When the scientists blocked Treg cells from accumulating in the fat by targeting a molecule that the immune cells require, mice no longer developed type 4 diabetes in old age.

«Blocking immune cell treats new type of age - related diabetes.»

Inhibiting this interaction blocked the autoimmune process, stopping the microglia from signaling to the peripheral immune cells and averting myelin damage and inflammation.

Patients in the study were treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors that block the activation of PD1, a protein on immune system T cells that halts immune response.

A new class of drugs called immune checkpoint inhibitors block molecules on T cells that shut down immune response, freeing the immune system to attack tumors.

«We've known about these cells blocking immune response for a decade, but haven't been able to shut them down for lack of an identified target,» said the paper's senior author, Larry Kwak, M.D., Ph.D., chair of Lymphoma / Myeloma and director of the Center for Cancer Immunology Research at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center.

In mice, TGN1412 primarily triggered regulatory T cells, which block the action of other T cells (and thereby reduce autoimmune reactions, wherein immune cells turn on the body's own cells).

However, this re-activation is blocked in most latently - infected cells by cellular molecules called immune check - points.

Yipp says the goal is to find a way to block the clumping of cells without inhibiting the immune cells from capturing bugs.

Once they identified this pathway, Hanks and colleagues conducted laboratory tests of a molecule that blocks melanoma cells from going stealth, enabling the immune system to mount a direct attack while also enhancing the function of current immunotherapies such as pembrolizumab and nivolumab.

«Scientists discover how immune cells die during HIV infection; Identify potential drug to block AIDS.»

The researchers have shown for the first time that antiviral proteins (the IFITM proteins) produced through the natural immune response block the entry of the hepatitis C virus into the cell.

Researchers led by Van Allen and Choueiri sought an explanation for why some patients with a form of metastatic kidney cancer called clear cell renal cell cancer (ccRCC) gain clinical benefit — sometimes durable — from treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors that block the PD - 1 checkpoint, while other patients don't.

The researchers used RNAi to block three genes: two found in the virus itself and one found in mouse T cells — the primary immune system cells infected by the virus.

«Zika virus may cause microcephaly by hijacking human immune molecule: Fetal brain model provides first clues on how Zika virus blunts brain development; blocking mechanism reduces cell damage.»

Vaccines work by exposing the body to the disease - causing agent or a fragment of it, which primes the immune system to produce a flood of antibodies that stick to the infecting organism and block it from entering cells.

Now, a collaboration between the RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Science (IMS) and other institutions in Japan and Europe have found that in immune cells, simply blocking a transcription factor that leads to differentiation is sufficient to keep cells in a multipotent stem cell - like state where they can continue to proliferate and can later differentiate into various cell types.

The drug tested is an antibody that blocks a receptor called PD - 1 on the surface of the immune system's T cells.

Dagmar Gotthardt and colleagues at the Vetmeduni Vienna now show that blocking STAT3 in cells of the immune system actually leads to increased anti-tumour immunity.

These antibody drugs block receptors on T cells that tumors use to hide from the immune system.

Although drugs to block the PD - 1 pathway have been developed for cancer patients, they affect all immune cells, not just HIV - specific ones.

Durvalumab and tremelimumab are drugs in clinical development that block the PD - 1 / PD - L1 and CTLA - 4 pathways, respectively, and function to restimulate the immune system to target tumor cells.

Antibody that blocks a «do not eat» flag on cancer cells turns the immune system against all tumor types

And by actively blocking the PD - 1 pathway the researchers were able to boost the numbers of HIV - fighting immune cells in the samples.

A new study shows that a 70 - year - old malaria drug can block immune cells in the liver so nanoparticles can arrive at their intended tumor site, overcoming a significant hurdle of targeted drug delivery, according to a team of researchers led by Houston Methodist.

By blocking a specific cell signaling pathway in lab animals, researchers reversed signs of chronic immune activation, thereby boosting T - cell recovery and viral suppression.

Pembrolizumab blocks the action of the tumor - surface protein PD - 1, which many cancers use to hide themselves from immune system T cells.