In mouse models in which the endogenous Smn1 gene has been knocked out and human versions of SMN2 have been swapped in, the Isis therapy — a so - called «antisense oligonucleotide» — delivered to the mouse central nervous system (CNS) increased the expression of full - length SMN protein in motor neurons, improved muscle strength
in behavioral tests and extended the rodents» median lifespan from 16 days to 26 days3.
Dr. Carlezon and his group were the first to report that a class of drugs called kappa - opioid receptor (KOR) antagonists has antidepressant, anti-anxiety, and anti-stress effects
in their behavioral tests.
«
In both behavioral tests used in this study, the mice need to control the paw movement,» explains Yi Li, M.D., a Henry Ford neuroscientist and lead author of the study.
These mice also went on to exhibit a range of depressive symptoms
in behavioral tests.
Not exact matches
Real - life
behavioral psychology: Students have to make a major life decision
in the middle of taking the most stressful math
test they've ever had.
In her research,
behavioral and learning scientist Marily Oppezzo
tested groups of people as they brainstormed creative uses for everyday objects.
Working with a third - party clinical
testing group, Neba studied 275 children and adolescents ranging
in age from 6 to 17 years old, all of whom exhibited signs of attention or
behavioral concerns.
Also there is evidence of molecular mechanisms
in the cell membranes that can amplify small changes
in the field to produce large changes
in neural activity.13 On the other hand, earlier
tests of Kohler's theory found that interference with electrical gradients over the cortex had no effect on
behavioral measures (see note 11 for reference to these studies).
In recent decades, thanks to the
behavioral sciences and the psychotherapeutic disciplines, tools for
testing the impact of various forms of religion on people's lives have begun to become available.
To illustrate the range of possibilities for this line of research, I will describe a gedanken experiment
in which a
behavioral assay of feelings is employed to
test the hypothesis that atoms are sentient individuals.
When you present the facts about school breakfast, and its associated benefits — increased
test scores, fewer
behavioral problems, improved focus
in the classroom — you give stakeholders the opportunity to understand the measurable results that come from feeding students a morning meal.
Animal
testing indicates that pesticides can cause permanent changes
in brain chemistry that may lead to
behavioral disorders, learning disabilities, and even long - term damage to the brain and nervous system.
, 1968 Zick Rubin, «The Social Psychology of Romantic Love», 1969 Elliot Aronson, «Some Antecedents of Interpersonal Attraction», 1970 David C. Glass and Jerome E. Singer, «The Urban Condition: Its Stresses and Adaptations — Experimental Studies of
Behavioral Consequences of Exposure to Aversive Events», 1971 Norman H. Anderson, «Information Integration Theory: A Brief Survey», 1972 Lenora Greenbaum, «Socio - Cultural Influences on Decision Making: An Illustrative Investigation of Possession - Trance
in Sub-Saharan Africa», 1973 William E. McAuliffe and Robert A. Gordon, «A
Test of Lindesmith's Theory of Addiction: The Frequency of Euphoria Among Long - Term Addicts», 1974 R. B. Zajonc and Gregory B. Markus, «Intellectual Environment and Intelligence», 1975 Johnathan Kelley and Herbert S. Klein, «Revolution and the Rebirth of Inequality: The Bolivian National Revolution», 1977 Murray Melbin, «Night as Frontier», 1978 Ronald S. Wilson, «Synchronies
in Mental Development: An Epigenetic Perspective», 1979 Bibb Latane, Stephen G. Harkins, and Kipling D. Williams, «Many Hands Make Light the Work: The Causes and Consequences of Social Loafing», 1980 Gary Wayne Strong, «Information, Pattern, and Behavior: The Cognitive Biases of Four Japanese Groups», 1981 Richard A. Shweder and Edmund J. Bourne, «Does the Concept of the Person Vary Cross Culturally?»
The
behavioral tests used here modeled one dimension of the disease — an inability to experience pleasure from normal activities — but not others, such as stress and anxiety, and probably tap into different brain mechanisms
in mice than
in humans, he says.
Focusing on the neural pathway from the brain's prefrontal cortex to the amygdala, they combined optogenetics — a technique that uses light to control the activity of neurons
in living tissue — with
behavioral testing, a methodology that allows researchers to study functional connections between different regions of the brain.
«The results are novel, as this sensitive and comprehensive
testing has revealed how prenatal and early postnatal immune activation may regulate core
behavioral signs associated with ASD and certain other developmental disorders through changes
in signal flow between different structural components of behavior - driving neural circuits,» said Bolshakov.
While the group that received the combined maternal and postnatal treatment showed the largest
behavioral effects, electrophysiology
tests easily distinguished the pathway effects
in each of the four treatment groups.
In contrast, no dose of haloperidol
tested (0.5 to 12 milligrams per kilogram) produced rigidity, loss of righting reflex, or
behavioral excitation.
«We have now found a potential mechanism, and at this point
in our research, we need to
test human participants
in a blinded, placebo controlled clinical study — the same technique we used to study the
behavioral effects of acupuncture
in rats,» says Eshkevari, a nurse anesthetist and licensed acupuncturist.
Both Shaken and Stirred
In addition to these behavioral measures, the scientists also tested for changes in the bees» neurotransmitter levels after shakin
In addition to these
behavioral measures, the scientists also
tested for changes
in the bees» neurotransmitter levels after shakin
in the bees» neurotransmitter levels after shaking.
Behavioral wavelength discrimination
tests (Δλ functions)
in stomatopods revealed a surprisingly poor performance, ruling out color vision that makes use of the conventional color - opponent coding system (6 — 8).
The depression study aims to enroll 600 patients
in a 12 - week study
testing two psychoactive drugs and cognitive
behavioral therapy.
To see if CGP3466B, like ketamine, has antidepressant effects
in mammals, the researchers used two standard
behavioral tests on mice.
The development and implementation of the DSM - H is detailed
in a study published
in Geriatric Nursing,
in which researchers
tested the ability of their program to improve the knowledge, confidence, and attitudes of the HHC team members
in assessing and managing pain, depression, and other
behavioral symptoms
in people living with dementia.
In a study now being reviewed for publication, Bookstein and Streissguth looked at the results of
behavioral tests and brain scans of 45 adult men, 30 of them afflicted with either fetal alcohol syndrome or fetal alcohol effects, the others not.
Also,
behavioral tests of motor function
in post-stroke animals
in correlation with BSCB damage are needed.
Given that
behavioral tests can take up to two months and mice usually live four to five months
in the lab, the mandate's costs add up quickly.
To identify the brain regions involved
in canceling a decision, the new study recruited 21 subjects for a modified «stop signal task,» a commonly used neuroscientific
behavioral test that involves canceling a planned movement.
He has also been working with neonate pine snakes
in a variety of
behavioral experiments, including simple maze
tests to track migration and dispersal responses to different snakes» scents.
Other
behavioral tests examine sociability, giving the mice the choice to spend time either with other mice or with inanimate objects; risk - taking,
in which the mice either venture out on to a high open ledge or hide
in a dark enclosed space; and repetitive behavior, where the focus is on excessive grooming or jumping.
The differences may show up, for example,
in more complicated
behavioral assays and drug
tests, which Silverman and Yang are exploring.
According to Yang and Silverman, a typical
behavioral test aims for 20 mice per group
in order to achieve sufficient statistical power.
The U.S. National Institute of Mental Health's Project Accept — a trial conducted by the HIV Prevention Trials Network to
test a combination of social,
behavioral and structural HIV - prevention interventions — demonstrated that a series of community efforts boosted the number of people
tested for HIV and resulted
in a 14 percent reduction
in new HIV infections, compared with control communities.
A new report, published online October 24
in the Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, reviews 18 carefully controlled laboratory studies that
tested human subjects» physiological and
behavioral responses to sleep deprivation as they relate to metabolic health.
Their results show that the program is as good at spotting
behavioral markers of autism as experts giving the
test themselves, and better than non-expert medical clinicians and students
in training.
To
test this hypothesis, the research team is now planning to explore the longer term
behavioral impact of sleep - sacks
in a larger group of preterm newborns.
In young and healthy adults, for example, a high demanding cognitive
test was required to uncover the subtle immediate
behavioral effects that cocoa flavanols have on this group.
Analyzing data on more than 4,000 participants
in the Children of the 90s study at the University of Bristol, researchers from Harvard and Columbia's Mailman School of Public Health found that children with
behavioral problems at the age of 8, had higher levels of two proteins (C - reactive protein — CRP; and Interleukin 6 — IL - 6)
in their blood when
tested at the age of 10.
They do social science, health, philosophical, policy, or legal research on topics such as privacy, confidentiality, the psychological impact of genetic information, informed - consent issues
in genomics research, commercialization of genetic products, genetically modified foods,
behavioral genetics, gene
testing, and gene therapy.
Once the mice became 4 months old, their learning and memory skills were
tested in various cognitive /
behavioral tasks.
In tests where ants were smelled or seen, jumping spiders built far more web nests while spitting spiders built substantially fewer, the researchers report this week in Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiolog
In tests where ants were smelled or seen, jumping spiders built far more web nests while spitting spiders built substantially fewer, the researchers report this week
in Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiolog
in Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology.
Researchers then gave the mice several
behavioral tests for «depression» including the forced swim
test,
in which researchers measure how fast the mice give up swimming and decide to float.
They verified that blood concentration levels were comparable to effective levels
in humans being treated for bipolar disorder or mania, and then administered the open field and other
behavioral tests.
In the study, the researchers used
behavioral tests, as well as neuroimaging, to investigate whether there is an influence of biological sex on facial recognition, according to Suzy Scherf, assistant professor of psychology and neuroscience.
«If scientists want to
test drugs for dementia, Alzheimer's or autism, ideal models would react similarly to humans
in regards to the reduction of symptoms, outbreak of side effects, such as enduring the same lesions as humans do, or exhibiting similar
behavioral characteristics,» said Latham, who's with the College of Agriculture and Natural Resources and an MSU AgBioResearch scientist.
We combined a
behavioral test for magnetic compass orientation
in mole rats and immunocytochemical visualization of the transcription factor c - Fos as a marker of neuronal activity.
They assessed the effects using
behavioral tests, including putting food
in the middle of an open space and timing the animals» response.
Next the team gave the mice a battery of
behavioral tests that required them to poke their nose at panels
in their enclosure to indicate which of three panels was a different color than the other two.
At the time of admission for functional MRI scanning (5 years after the ictus), the patient was assumed to remain
in a vegetative state, although extensive
behavioral testing after the functional MRI revealed reproducible, but inconsistent, responses indicative of a minimally conscious state.
In the course of screening over 180 mutant mouse strains with a systematic battery of
behavioral tests, Dr. Tsuyoshi Miyakawa and his colleagues found that mice with heterozygous knockout of the alpha - isoform of calcium / calmodulin - dependent protein kinase II (αCaMKII) exhibit
behavioral deficits and other brain features consistent with bipolar disorder.