As one tonne of carbon equates to 3.67 tonnes of CO2, the 1997
Indonesian peat forest fires emitted between 2.97 and 9.43 billion tonnes of CO2.
«In 1997, human - caused
Indonesian peat fires were estimated to have released between 13 % and 40 % of the average carbon emissions caused by the burning of fossil fuels around the world in a single year.»
Special report on smoke pollution from
Indonesian peat fires by correspondent Yew Jin Lee, with 3 experts.
In 2015 alone, scientists estimate
Indonesian peat fires were responsible for about 1.5 billion tons of carbon emissions.
In the study, published on October 14 in PLOS ONE, Rutgers researchers found that the density of Bornean orangutans is almost two times greater in
an Indonesian peat - swamp forest — just 39 miles from similar surroundings where orangutans must survive on thousands of calories less each day for most of the year.
Not exact matches
In Southeast Asia, each El Niño cycle brings drying to thousands of islands in the
Indonesian archipelago, with attendant crop failures, famine and
peat fires.
Step one, Skar said, is that the United States needs to acknowledge emissions coming from the
peat fires are not just an
Indonesian problem.
With the backdrop of massive
peat land fires sending carbon into the atmosphere and the fast - approaching U.N. climate talks, environmental advocates expect today's visit between
Indonesian President Joko «Jokowi» Widodo and President Obama to touch on climate change and deforestation challenges.
As a result of mounting environmental concern, the
Indonesian government last year placed a moratorium on any human activities that could damage the nation's
peat bogs.
Our ensemble fire weather season length metric captured important wildfire events throughout Eurasia such as the
Indonesian fires of 1997 — 98 where
peat fires, following an El Niño - induced drought, released carbon equivalent to 13 — 40 % of the global fossil fuel emissions from only 1.4 % of the global vegetated land area (Fig. 4, 1997 — 1998) 46 and the heatwave over Western Russia in 2010 (Fig. 4, 2010) that led to its worst fire season in recorded history and triggered extreme air pollution in Moscow51.
The seasonal variation is quite large with regard to
indonesian annual
peat fires (mostly Sept and Nov).
How well did your models capture
Indonesian lower and mid troposphere point source aerosol deposition from burning
peat fires?
The restoration project is mandated by the
Indonesian government under various policies, issued in the wake of the 2015 fires, to protect the carbon - rich
peat forests.
The fact that these
Indonesian rainforests have thick
peat layers as soil actually makes them impressive carbon stores.
Indonesian forests are home to roughly 60 percent of the world's tropical peatlands, where decayed vegetation or organic matter has accumulated in the soil layers and created
peat deposits that can be up to 10 meters deep.
After a long - standing campaign by environmentalists and local communities, the
Indonesian government investigated an oil palm concession under development by PT Kallista Alam in Tripa
peat swamp on the island of Sumatra.
Indonesian military personnel fighting a large
peat fire near the city of Palangkaraya in the
Indonesian province of Central Kalimantan on Borneo.
But a study published today in the National Academy of Sciences, found that half of oil palm plantations in
Indonesian Borneo were established on
peat lands.
Concerning the possibility of multiple dry months for
peat forest regions on Sumatra and Borneo what is most noteworthy is a lingering El Niño state cold water SST anomaly around these two
Indonesian isles (as can be seen below):
In 2015, after months of forest fires and choking pollution levels, the
Indonesian government identified dozens of companies responsible for millions of hectares of torched forest and
peat land.