-- Southern Ocean
Iron Fertilization Experiment (SOFeX)-- The basics of the most recent expedition — Penny Chisholm's site, which lists many professional papers — Paul Falkowski's article (PDF document)-- DOE article: Climate Change Scenarios Compel Studies of Ocean Carbon Storage — Government site for carbon sequestration research — An earlier piece Williams wrote on sequestration — Will Ocean Fertilization To Remove Carbon Dioxide from the Atmosphere Work?
From recent article «Iron fertilization enhanced net community production but not downward particle flux during the Southern Ocean
iron fertilization experiment LOHAFEX», by P. Martin, M. Rutgers van der Loeff, N. Cassar, P. Vandromme, F. d'Ovidio, L. Stemmann, R. Rengarajan,... Continue reading →
Analyzing satellite data showing elevated chlorophyll levels (red), Peng Xiu of the University of Maine and co-authors identified a rare late summer plankton bloom associated with the 2012
iron fertilization experiment west of British Columbia.
Nature's
iron fertilization experiment had failed in the equatorial Pacific.
Before the 2004 study, known as EIFEX, the European
Iron Fertilization Experiment, scientists had conducted 11 experiments at sea to explore how trace quantities of iron may encourage the growth of algae.
It remains unclear at this point which particular species bloomed as a result of the HSRC iron release but the team is sending out for analysis more than 10,000 water samples, data the HSRC team says it will share as other
iron fertilization experiments have done.
With Leinen as its chief scientific officer, Climos sought to perform ocean
iron fertilization experiments and sell carbon credits it could show it earned.
So, Smetacek argues, «
Iron fertilization experiments carried out in the open ocean are the best way to find out how the ocean functions.»
It is a plan for regulating geoengineering schemes classed as solar radiation management rather than carbon dioxide removal, even though ocean
iron fertilization experiments have generated most controversy (6, 7, 12).
There have been
iron fertilization experiments of the ocean before, many of them, in the equatorial Pacific, the Southern Ocean, and the North Pacific.
Eleven smaller
iron fertilization experiments have already taken place.
The simple fact is that while
iron fertilization experiments have been taken place for nigh on twenty years thanks to the late John Martin's iron hypothesis, none of these experiments have lasted long enough or been conducted on a large enough scale to effectively measure the entire life of a pleagic phytoplankton bloom, artificially fertilized or naturally occuring.
Previous
iron fertilization experiments were generally single - pulse additions of iron dissolved in acid.
While controlled
iron fertilization experiments have shown an increase in phytoplankton growth, and a temporary increase in drawdown of atmospheric CO2, it is uncertain whether this would increase carbon transfer into the deep ocean over the longer - term.
Not exact matches
«I am disturbed and disappointed as this will make legitimate, transparent [ocean
iron fertilization]
experiments more difficult,» Smetacek says.
Researchers worldwide have conducted 13 major
iron -
fertilization experiments in the open ocean since 1990.
What are your views on
experiments testing whether
fertilization of mineral - starved regions of the oceans with
iron could serve to pull carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere?
EFFECT OF NATURAL
IRON FERTILIZATION ON CARBON SEQUESTRATION IN THE SOUTHERN OCEAN Nature, Vol 446 26 April 2007 doi: 10.1038 / nature05700 The efficiency of fertilization, defined as the ratio of the carbon export to the amount of iron supplied, was at least ten times higher than previous estimates from short - term blooms induced by iron - addition experime
IRON FERTILIZATION ON CARBON SEQUESTRATION IN THE SOUTHERN OCEAN Nature, Vol 446 26 April 2007 doi: 10.1038 / nature05700 The efficiency of
fertilization, defined as the ratio of the carbon export to the amount of
iron supplied, was at least ten times higher than previous estimates from short - term blooms induced by iron - addition experime
iron supplied, was at least ten times higher than previous estimates from short - term blooms induced by
iron - addition experime
iron - addition
experiments.
Researchers worldwide have conducted 13 major
iron -
fertilization experiments in the open ocean since 1990.
Following the SOFeX
iron -
fertilization experiment in the Southern Ocean, deep - diving Carbon Explorer floats continuously collected data for over a year, straight through the Antarctic winter.
While many of the participants raised concerns about the efficacy and safety of large - scale
iron fertilization, others seemed to acknowledge that the urgency of the climate crisis warranted the continuation of carefully designed
experiments — pointing out that, if done appropriately, they could provide a win - win for both scientists and businesses interested in selling carbon offsets.
The
iron fertilization of the ocean had generated optimism until an
experiment earlier this year dampened hopes.
Based on a century of ocean plankton science and the 10 international
experiments on
iron fertilization over the last 15 years we are confident that the scale, methods and technologies of the work we are planning will have positive impacts on all fronts, improving water quality, buffering surface water acidity, recharging the marine food chain, and safely sequestering enormous amounts of CO2 to help slow climate change.