Expertise: climate change, Greenland Ice Sheet, ice sheet modeling, sea level rise, Antarctica, Great
Lakes ice cover
Wang, J., X. Bai, H. Hu, A. Clites, M. Colton, and B. Lofgren, 2012: Temporal and spatial variability of Great
Lakes ice cover, 1973 - 2010.
Decreased ice cover: Increasingly mild winters have shortened the time between when a lake freezes and when it thaws.92 Scientists have documented a relatively constant decrease in Great
Lakes ice cover since the 1970s, particularly for Lakes Superior, Michigan, Huron, and Ontario.
From known associations of individual aquatic species with various environmental conditions, the researchers conclude that summers have lengthened and
lake ice cover has diminished across much of the Arctic since the mid-1800s.
Not exact matches
Over the past two winters, there wasn't much
ice cover on the Great
Lakes.
•
Lake Erie's water temperatures are higher and there's less
ice cover.
On
Lake Erie, however, it's another story where there's so much
ice cover the removal of the
ice boom has been delayed.
Now the team is packing up their tools and mobile labs so that they can be shipped out to the
ice sheet for the real deal: Boring through a half - mile of
ice covering Lake Whillans.
Seismological observations may not be needed at Yellowstone
Lake, but could be useful for monitoring more remote
lakes for long - term changes to
ice cover duration.
Though all subglacial
lakes are good analogues for life beyond Earth, the hypersaline nature of the Devon
lakes makes them particularly tantalizing analogues for
ice -
covered moons in our solar system.
Scientists estimate the
lake itself is roughly 14 million years old — the age of the
ice sheet that
covers it — and that the water currently in the
lake is roughly 1 million years old.
Subglacial
lakes provide earthly analogs of
ice -
covered oceans deep beneath the surface of moons orbiting Jupiter and Saturn.
And at high global latitudes, cold
lakes normally
covered by
ice in the winter are seeing less
ice year after year — a change that could affect all parts of the food web, from algae to freshwater seals.
This is especially true for
lakes at high latitudes that are
covered in
ice each winter but may see less
ice as temperatures rise.
Survival of the Asian carp in the deep, windblown, and, in winter,
ice -
covered waters of the Great
Lakes is one thing, but development of a breeding population there is quite another.
Unfortunately, most of it is imprisoned in underground reservoirs and in permanent
ice and snow
cover; relatively little is stored in easily accessible and replenishable
lakes and rivers.
That's important — changing sea
ice, changing
lake ice, changing snow
cover, increasing shrubs — but I wanted the book to enrich that picture, by describing those changes through the human lives that experience them.
What is now
Lake Whillans was probably
covered and uncovered by the
ice sheet dozens of times as the climate swung back and forth over the past 20 million years.
Thus the entire
lake food web is impacted by the degree of
ice cover from year to year and the degree of winter productivity.
These valleys are characterized by harsh katabatic winds, glaciers, sandy surroundings, and permanent
ice -
covered lakes, which harbour the most exceptional life - in -
ice - forms I have ever seen.
Ice covers play a major role in determining the environmental properties of
lakes.
In this study we have monitored the liquid water column of these permanent
ice -
covered lakes.
Currently, most
lakes in the Alaskan Arctic are
covered with
ice in May, but that could change with time.
She embedded time - lapse video cameras in the scree -
covered ice peaks, which filmed interior glacial
lakes every hour for two weeks.
«
Ice -
covered lakes in the dry valleys of Antarctica are a good analogue of what we had in Kaffeklubben [before 1960],» says Perren.
«They've been studied mainly as an analog to [Saturn's moon] Europa, where you've got an entire planet that's an
ice covered lake.»
The DNA that Rogers» group found probably did not come from animals that lived in
Lake Vostok before it was
covered in
ice.
It never stops bouncing from shore to shore, even when
ice covers the
lake.
According to George Leskevich, a physical research scientist with the Great
Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory in Ann Arbor, Mich., there is also a long - term downward trend in Great
Lakes wintertime
ice cover, although there is considerable year - to - year variability.
Since IPCC (2001) the cryosphere has undergone significant changes, such as the substantial retreat of arctic sea
ice, especially in summer; the continued shrinking of mountain glaciers; the decrease in the extent of snow
cover and seasonally frozen ground, particularly in spring; the earlier breakup of river and
lake ice; and widespread thinning of antarctic
ice shelves along the Amundsen Sea coast, indicating increased basal melting due to increased ocean heat fluxes in the cavities below the
ice shelves.
New England, for example, now has over 22 fewer days of
ice cover on its
lakes than it did 50 years ago.
«A
lake doesn't go to sleep when it's
covered with a blanket of
ice and snow,» said Liz Blood, program director in the National Science Foundation's Division of Environmental Biology, which funded the research.
For
Lake Suwa, that means more years where full
ice cover never occurs.
In «The American,» George Clooney brings his most somber game face to the role of a hit man named Jack, who finds himself ambushed on an isolated,
ice -
covered Swedish
lake.
YELLOWKNIFE, Canada — Driving on an
ice -
covered lake — it's a fundamentally scary proposition, right?
On one terrible night almost a year later, Amanda loses nearly everything that is dearest to her when her sister mysteriously disappears and is later found drowned beneath the
ice that
covers the
lake.
-802 Pokedex entries -48 Megas -18 Alola variations -3 Primal (Kyogre, Groudon, Dialga)-10 Totem variations -11 major gender variations (Wobbuffet, Meowstic, Pyroar, Jellicent, Frillish, Unfeazant, Hippopotas, Hippowdon, Combee, Heracross, Pikachu)-24 extra Pikachu variations (6 Ash, 5 Cosplay, 7 TEAM, Holiday POKEMON GO, Mystery Dungeon Scarf, Surfing, Balloon from Pokemon Yellow, Balloon from Pikachu Dash, Metal from SSB, Pikachu + Pichu Balloon from Pokemon Puzzle Challenge, 96» Classic, Ditto Pikachu, Fancy, Illustrator, Birthday, Office, Detective, Singing, Pokemon Rumble, Snow, Pikachu Lapras Dash, Waldo, WiiU rumble, HGSS Super Nerd Robot, 2014 World Championship, Pokemon Shuffle)-3 extra Pichu variations (Spiked Eared, Ukelele, Pikachu + Pichu Balloon from Pokemon Puzzle Challenge)-18 extra Arceus variations (Normal, Bug, Dark, Dragon, Electric, Fairy, Fighting, Fire, Flying, Ghost, Grass, Ground,
Ice, Poison, Psychic, Rock, Steel, Water,???)-27 extra Unown variations -19 extra Vivillion variations (Archipelago, Continental, Elegant, Garden, High Plains, Icy Snow, Jungle, Marine, Meadow, Modern, Monsoon, Ocean, Polar, River, Sandstorm, Savanna, Sun, Tundra, Poké Ball, Fancy)-2 extra Mewtwo variations (Shadow, Mega Shadow Y)-1 extra Mimikyu Busted Dream form -7 extra Minior Cores (Red Core, Orange Core, Yellow Core, Green Core, Blue Core, Indigo Core, Violet Core)-1 extra Musharna variation (Awake form)-1 extra Raichu variation (Holiday POKEMON GO)-1 extra Marshadow variation -3 extra Zygarde Formes -1 extra Greninja variation (Ash)-1 extra Gyarados variation (
Lake of Rage)-1 extra Jynx variation (original black skin)-6 extra Arbok variations (each region)-1 extra Purple Kecleon variation -1 extra XD001 Lugia variation -3 extra Castform variations -3 extra Deoxys variations -2 extra Burmy variations -2 extra Wormadam variations -1 extra Cherum variation -1 extra Shellos variation -1 extra Gastrodon variation -6 extra Rotom variations -1 extra Giratina variation -1 extra Shaymin variation -1 extra Tornadus variation -1 extra Thundurus variation -1 extra Landorus variation -1 extra Basculin variation -1 extra Darmanitan variation -3 extra Deerling variations -3 additional Sawsbuck variations -1 extra Keldeo variation -1 extra Meloetta variation -4 extra Genesect variations (includes 1 High Speed Form)-4 extra Flabebe variations -5 extra Floette variations -4 extra Florges variations -9 extra Furfrou variation -1 extra Aegislash variations -3 extra Pumpkaboo variations -3 extra Gourgeist variation -1 extra Xerneas variation -1 extra Hoopa variation -1 extra Haunter variation (Original sprite)-1 extra Koffing variation (upside down from R / B / G)-1 extra Ivysaur variation (Standing from R / B / G)-1 extra Golbat variation (Crazy giant mouth from R / B)-1 extra Munchlax variation (Flying)-1 extra Magearna color variation -2 Kyurem variations (Black Active and White Active forms)-1 Dragon Skeleton -1 extra Cloyster variation (old horizontal sprite)-1 extra Exeggcute variation (old R / B sprite)-1 extra Excadrill variation (Gen 5 beta with backwards body design)-1 additional Kingler variation (original double giant claw sprite)-3 Pokemon GO Eggs -11 Fossils (Helix Fossil, Dome Fossil, Old Amber, Root Fossil, Claw Fossil, Skull Fossil, Armor Fossil,
Cover Fossil, Plume Fossil, Jaw Fossil, Sail Fossil)-28 Pokeball variations -27 Evolution Items -47 Mega Stones -1 Key Stone -50 Gym badges -2 «GHOST» Pokemon (original R / B / Y and FR / LG)-20 Beta Gen 1 Unused Pokemon (Dragon4, Poliwag beta, Nyosuka / Poliwhirl beta, Kokana / Weedle beta, Staryu beta, Blastoise beta, Lapras beta, Dragonair beta, Rokku / Rydon beta, Kasanagi and Kasanagi evolution unused beta Pokemon, Gengar beta, Nidorino beta, Godzillante, Gorillaimo, Buhi, Papyo, Koffing, Shellder, Cloyster)-11 Beta Gen 2 Unused Pokemon (Gonoguma, Kurusu, Happa, Unnamed turtle, unnamed creature, black skinned promo design Bellossom, Ladyba beta, marril beta, Baku / Quillfish beta, Girafarig beta, Raikou / Suicune beta)-7 Beta Gen 3 Unused Pokemon (Blaziken / Latias or «Latiken», Torchic beta 1, Torchic beta 2, Treecko beta, Groudon beta, Shellos beta, Gastrodon beta)-6 Glitch Pokemon (Missingno, Golden Bulbasaur,??????, Kabutops Fossil Form, Aerodactyl Fossil Form, Bag Egg)-1 Beta Gen 6 Pokemon (Hooded)
This Vanilla
Lake mix is by The OneUps, Frappe Cafe Vibe is a Frappe Snowland mix by Joshua Morse, Sherbet Land Mashup is a combination of Sherbet Land and Frappe Snowland by Noteblock, this DK Summit mix is by Paulygon, this Mount Wario mix is by inasa nijiotoko, and this
Ice Ice Outpost piano
cover is by ThePianoSpeaks!
Thanks for the links about
Lake Erie
ice cover — the chart is very interesting, as is the paper.
Remote sensing data shows that the area
covered by
ice lakes within the Qomolangma National Nature Reserve in Tibet increased to 114 square kilometres in 2013, up from 100 square kilometres in 1990.
In fall or early winter, the cryosphere expands, as thin
ice starts to
cover oceans, rivers, and
lakes.
They lie at least 60 feet (20m) thick under the
lake, and
cover a slice of time running well into the last
ice age, around 25,000 years ago.
The Winter Alberta Clipper dries out the Great
Lakes if there is no
ice cover.
WASHINGTON, May 9 (by Karin Zeitvogel for RIA Novosti)-- A team of scientists from the United States, Russia and Germany who drilled into the bottom of a Siberian
lake, found that the Arctic was not
covered in a sheet of
ice 3.6 million years ago as it is today, but was warm and forested, a study published Thursday says.
A team of scientists from the United States, Russia and Germany who drilled into the bottom of a Siberian
lake, found that the Arctic was not
covered in a sheet of
ice 3.6 million years ago as it is today, but was warm and forested, a study published Thursday says.
Atmospheric teleconnection patterns associated with severe and mild
ice cover on the Great
Lakes, 1963 — 2011
These methods have been significantly improved by fully coupling the hydrologic cycle among land,
lake, and atmosphere.94, 95 Without accounting for that cycle of interactions, a study96 concluded that increases in precipitation would be negated by increases in winter evaporation from less
ice cover and by increases in summer evaporation and evapotranspiration from warmer air temperatures, under a scenario of continued increases in global emissions (SRES A2 scenario).
When discussing artic
ice, shouldn't
ice covered lakes be included as well?
Given the evidence and remaining uncertainties, there is very high confidence in this key message, except high confidence for
lake levels changing, and high confidence that declines in
ice cover will continue to lengthen the commercial navigation season.
My query: how can there be
ice cover on the shores when there is so much heat energy in the Great
Lakes water system?