Sentences with phrase «latitude transport of heat»

6 Climate is caused by many factors including: Trapping of heat by the atmosphere Latitude Transport of heat by winds and ocean currents

Not exact matches

•» According to Zhang (2007) thermal expansion in the lower latitude is unlikely because of the reduced salt rejection and upper - ocean density and the enhanced thermohaline stratification tend to suppress convective overturning, leading to a decrease in the upward ocean heat transport and the ocean heat flux available to melt sea ice.

Recently, concern has arisen over whether global warming could affect this heat transport (Watson et al., 2001), for example, reducing high latitude convection and triggering a collapse of the deep overturning circulation (Rahmstorf, 1995).

Depending on meridional heat transport, when freezing temperatures reach deep enough towards low - latitudes, the ice - albedo feedback can become so effective that climate sensitivity becomes infinite and even negative (implying unstable equilibrium for any «ice - line» (latitude marking the edge of ice) between the equator and some other latitude).

Although more research is needed, there is some agreement among oceanographers that, for the entire area north of 30 N latitude, the ocean's poleward transport of heat is the equivalent of about 15 watts per square metre of the earth's surface (W / m2).

Stronger vertical mixing invigorates the MOC [Meridonal Overturning Circulation] by an order of magnitude, increases ocean heat transport by 50 — 100 %, reduces the zonal mean equator - to - pole temperature gradients by up to 6 °C, lowers tropical peak terrestrial temperatures by up to 6 °C, and warms high - latitude oceans by up to 10 °C.»

Simpson began with a gray - body calculation, Simpson (1928a); very soon after he reported that this paper was worthless, for the spectral variation must be taken into account, Simpson (1928b); 2 - dimensional model (mapping ten degree squares of latitude and longitude): Simpson (1929a); a pioneer in pointing to latitudinal transport of heat by atmospheric eddies was Defant (1921); for other early energy budget climate models taking latitude into account, not covered here, see Kutzbach (1996), pp. 354 - 59.

However, an assessment of transports at 48 ° N using five repeat World Ocean Circulation Experiment sections and air - sea heat and freshwater fluxes as input to an inverse box model yielded no significant trend in the meridional overturning at that latitude (Lumpkin et al., 2008), though the time period studied was relatively short (1993 - 2000).

This is one of the simplest models for the pole - to - equator surface temperature distribution and ice latitude on a spherical planet in the presence of poleward heat transport.

On Earth this happens close to 30 degrees latitude, and poleward of this the heat transport is dominated by mid-latitude eddies rather than being under the wings of a giant overturning circulation (you can still find references to a mid-latitude «Ferrell cell» in textbooks, but this is not a good description of what happens).