January 28 - 29, 2013 = Allie presented on The Co-Occurrence of Violence towards Animals and Children, and Effectively Incorporating Therapy Animals with
Maltreated Children at the Child Maltreatment Conference in San Diego, CA
Not exact matches
Spanking: Parenthood's Dirty Little (and Common) Secret This week a study was released saying when
children are disciplined using harsh physical punishment like spanking, they are
at higher risk of depression, anxiety, substance abuse, and other mental health problems - even if they aren't otherwise abused or
maltreated.
Ofsted's new inspection framework makes clear that
children's services should pay attention to all parents and carers when
children have been
maltreated or are
at risk of maltreatment or neglect.
This week a study was released saying when
children are disciplined using harsh physical punishment like spanking, they are
at higher risk of depression, anxiety, substance abuse and other mental health problems — even if they aren't otherwise abused or
maltreated.
«Traumatic avoidance symptoms have been shown to have a negative impact on the cognitive and emotional development of
children,» said Kristin Valentino, Notre Dame assistant professor of psychology who specializes in the development of
at - risk and
maltreated children.
Lead author Ramesh Raghavan, PhD, associate professor
at the Brown School and of psychiatry
at the School of Medicine, examined Medicaid records from 36 states for 1,921
children in the National Survey of
Child and Adolescent Well - Being, whom caseworkers had identified as having been
maltreated, and who had received Medicaid - funded services.
«We know that
maltreated children can have really low self - esteem,» said Louisa Michl, a doctoral student in the department of psychology
at the University of Rochester.
Children who are
maltreated may be
at an increased risk of obesity and inflammatory disorders because of low levels of leptin — a hormone involved in regulating appetite, according to new research from King's College London.
August 19, 2014 = Allie presented the luncheon keynote presentation
at the 27th National
Child Welfare, Juvenile and Family Law conference in Denver, Colorado on «How Therapy Animals Support
Maltreated Children»
March 20 - 21, 2013 = Allie presented on «Caught in the Crossfire: When Animal Abuse Co-occurs with Family Violence» and «Therapy Animals helping
Maltreated Children»
at the National
Children's Advocacy Center's 29th National Symposium on
Child Abuse in Huntsville, Alabama.
The program displayed the relevance of parenting programs to a diverse range of problems including
children at risk of being
maltreated,
children with chronic conditions, health related problems, conduct and attentional problems, family conflict,
child anxiety disorders,
children with a range of developmental disabilities, and couple relationship difficulties.
After controlling for these established risk factors (Table 2, panel 1, multivariate analysis),
children who were
maltreated (definite maltreatment: RR, 1.69; 95 % CI, 1.13 - 2.55) and
children who were socially isolated (very high social isolation: 1.76; 1.12 - 2.77) were both
at greater risk of becoming depressed in adulthood.
Felitti and colleagues1 first described ACEs and defined it as exposure to psychological, physical or sexual abuse, and household dysfunction including substance abuse (problem drinking / alcoholic and / or street drugs), mental illness, a mother treated violently and criminal behaviour in the household.1 Along with the initial ACE study, other studies have characterised ACEs as neglect, parental separation, loss of family members or friends, long - term financial adversity and witness to violence.2 3 From the original cohort of 9508 American adults, more than half of respondents (52 %) experienced
at least one adverse childhood event.1 Since the original cohort, ACE exposures have been investigated globally revealing comparable prevalence to the original cohort.4 5 More recently in 2014, a survey of 4000 American
children found that 60.8 % of
children had
at least one form of direct experience of violence, crime or abuse.6 The ACE study precipitated interest in the health conditions of adults
maltreated as
children as it revealed links to chronic diseases such as obesity, autoimmune diseases, heart, lung and liver diseases, and cancer in adulthood.1 Since then, further evidence has revealed relationships between ACEs and physical and mental health outcomes, such as increased risk of substance abuse, suicide and premature mortality.4 7
There is converging evidence that
maltreated children are
at an elevated risk for depression.
Though results are mixed, most home visiting studies find that the early intervention of home visiting can improve both short - and long - term outcomes for
children who are
at - risk of being
maltreated by positively impacting not only the outcomes listed above, but perhaps most importantly, the mother -
child relationship (e.g., Black et al., 2007; Guttentag et al., 2014; Karoly et al., 2006; Olds et al., 1998).
At age 4, a random sample of
children from the original cohort who had been
maltreated along with a matched comparison group of nonmaltreated
children were selected.
Although there was no increase in depression associated with less frequent contact for
children with the l / l genotype,
maltreated children with
at least one s allele that had semiannual or less frequent contact with their primary support had a 33 % increase in depression scores compared with
maltreated children with the same genotypes that had more regular contact with their primary support.
At - risk and
maltreated children exposed to intimate partner aggression / violence: what the conflict looks like and its relationship to
child outcomes.
This is not surprising, given the LONGSCAN consortium's selection criteria;
children in the study had been
maltreated or were considered
at risk for
child abuse.
investigation A type of
Child Protective Services response that involves the gathering of objective information to determine whether a child was maltreated, or is at risk of maltreatment, and establishes if an intervention is ne
Child Protective Services response that involves the gathering of objective information to determine whether a
child was maltreated, or is at risk of maltreatment, and establishes if an intervention is ne
child was
maltreated, or is
at risk of maltreatment, and establishes if an intervention is needed.
Victims of abuse are
at high risk for poor health, related not only to the physical trauma they have endured, but also to high rates of other social risk factors associated with poor health.22 Abused
children have high rates of growth problems, untreated vision and dental problems, infectious diseases, developmental delay, mental health and behavioural problems, early and risky sexual behaviours, and other chronic illnesses, but
child welfare and health care systems historically have not addressed the health needs of dependent
children.23 - 33 Compared to
children in foster care,
maltreated children who remain
at home exhibit similarly high rates of physical, developmental and mental health needs.34
Pathways Triple P (2 days training + 1 day accreditation — following completion of Level 4 training) Training to deliver this intervention is recommended for professionals who in the course of their duties regularly consult with parents
at risk of
maltreating their
children, and have the capacity to deliver an extended group program.
Pathways Triple P: Intervention for those parents and carers
at risk of
maltreating their
child.
Pathways Triple P Parents
at risk of
maltreating their
children.
However, while
maltreated children are
at greater risk for these negative effects, many
children are resilient in the face of adversity.
The data from this study suggest that those people who are most
at risk for destroying their love relationships altogether devote the most intense effort toward maintaining the semblance of bonds; inept mothers and their
children scrap and feud; mildly abusing mothers and their infants are hostile and difficult, but many severely
maltreating mothers and their
children do not dare to challenge the durability of their relationships.
A Comprehensive Framework for Nurturing the Well - Being of
Children and Adolescents (PDF - 676 KB) In Integrating Safety, Permanency and Well - Being Biglan (2014) Presents a framework to ensure successful youth development and well - being for children who have been maltreated, or are at risk of being maltreated, indicating that comprehensive family support from prenatal / birth through adolescence is necessary to aid children in recovering after abuse has occurred and to prevent future maltr
Children and Adolescents (PDF - 676 KB) In Integrating Safety, Permanency and Well - Being Biglan (2014) Presents a framework to ensure successful youth development and well - being for
children who have been maltreated, or are at risk of being maltreated, indicating that comprehensive family support from prenatal / birth through adolescence is necessary to aid children in recovering after abuse has occurred and to prevent future maltr
children who have been
maltreated, or are
at risk of being
maltreated, indicating that comprehensive family support from prenatal / birth through adolescence is necessary to aid
children in recovering after abuse has occurred and to prevent future maltr
children in recovering after abuse has occurred and to prevent future maltreatment.
For more than 35 years, Dr. Jones Harden has focused on the developmental and mental health needs of young
children at environmental risk, specifically
children who have been
maltreated, are in the foster care system, or have been exposed to multiple family risks such as maternal depression, parent substance use, and poverty.
These families have been assessed
at high or very high risk of
maltreating their
children in the future.
Efficacy of a home visiting - intervention aimed
at improving maternal sensitivity,
child attachment and behavioural outcomes for
maltreated children: a randomised control trial
, Programs and Interventions for
Maltreated Children and Families
at Risk (pp. 31 - 42).
Foster Cline and associates
at the Attachment Center
at Evergreen, Colorado began to promote the use of the same or similar holding techniques with adopted,
maltreated children who were said to have an attachment disorder (not to be confused with DSM - IV's reactive attachment disorder).
The pathway of abuse is based on the idea of (physically or sexually)
maltreating parents creating fright without solution for the
child who can not handle the paradox of a potentially protective and,
at the same time, abusive attachment figure, and thus becomes disorganized.
began a study aimed
at promoting sensitivity in
maltreating parents in order to evaluate their capacities for change and provide guidance for making decisions about whether to remove
children from their families or keep them there.
Maltreating insensitive parents do not regulate or buffer their
child's experience of distress, but they also activate their
child's fear and attachment systems
at the same time.
Recently, Cyr and his colleagues9 began a study aimed
at promoting sensitivity in
maltreating parents in order to evaluate their capacities for change and provide guidance for making decisions about whether to remove
children from their families or keep them there.
Euser et al. (2015) did find a significantly higher effect for interventions aimed
at reducing
child maltreatment in
maltreating families than for interventions aimed
at preventing
child maltreatment in
at - risk families / the general population.
Several reports have highlighted the inadequacies of the UK's care system and the high costs associated with implementing new services6 as well as the increasing costs that are associated with cycling placements or returns to care.7 Additionally, existing analyses have emphasised the challenges in conducting economic evaluations of interventions aimed
at improving outcomes for
maltreated children, which include the need for a long - term perspective, accounting for the context - specific nature of interventions, 8 and overcoming obstacles of cross-comparison due to variations in methods, samples etc..9
There is evidence that
maltreated children are
at greater risk for lifelong health and social problems, including mental illnesses, criminality, chronic diseases, disability1 and poorer quality of life.2 A history of
child maltreatment is also associated with lower adult levels of economic well - being across a wide range of metrics, including higher levels of economic inactivity, lower occupational status, lower earnings and lower expected earnings.3 Existing research suggests a ripple effect caused by lower educational achievement, higher levels of truancy and expulsion reducing peak earning capacity by US$ 5000 a year4 or an average lifetime cost of US$ 210012 per person1 when considering productivity losses and costs from healthcare,
child welfare, criminal justice and special education.
In specific, we included two types of interventions: preventive interventions targeting the general population or targeting families
at risk for
child maltreatment and curative interventions targeting
maltreating families aimed
at reducing maltreatment or recurrence of maltreatment.
Interventions may be aimed
at reducing the incidence of
child maltreatment in
maltreating families or
at preventing the occurrence of
child maltreatment in
at - risk, but non-
maltreating families.
year Publication year, N total sample size, #ES amount of effect sizes, AC
child age category of the
child at the start of the program, Design research design, PCDC parent
child development centers, CB community - based, CPEP
child — parent enrichment project, FGDM family group decision making, HS healthy start, PCIT parent —
child interaction therapy, CBFRS community - based family resource service, PUP parents under pressure, SEEK safe environment for every kid, HF healthy families, STEP systematic training for effective parenting, TPBP teen parents and babies program, TEEP Turkish early enrichment project, IFPS intensive family preservation services, ACT adults and
children together, CBT cognitive behavioral therapy, PSBCT parent skills with behavioral couples therapy, PCTT parents and
children talking together, FIRST family information, referral and support team, NFP nurse family partnership, HSYC healthy steps for young
children, REACH resources, education and care in the home, PMD parents make the difference, CPC
child — parent center, MST - BSF multisystemic therapy — building stronger families, PriCARE primary
child — adult relationship enhancement, SSTP stepping stones Triple P, CAMP Colorado adolescent maternity program, STEEP steps toward effective and enjoyable parenting, FGC family group conferences, MST - CAN multisystemic therapy for
child abuse and neglect, PAT parent as teachers, CM case management, CPS
child protective services, NS not specified, QE quasi-experimental, RCT randomized controlled trial, R risk group, GP general population, M
maltreating parents
Furthermore, improving
child well - being and providing social and / or emotional support seems to be effective components of interventions aimed
at maltreating families.
The finding that curative interventions are more effective than preventive interventions may be explained by a lower prevalence of
child maltreatment in
at - risk families / the general population than in
maltreating families, making it «more difficult» to find significant differences between intervention and control groups (because of lower statistical power) and consequently, to prove the effectiveness of an intervention.
As we aimed for a comprehensive meta - analysis, we included (a) two types of interventions: preventive interventions targeting the general population or families
at risk for
child maltreatment and curative interventions targeting
maltreating families that are aimed
at reducing maltreatment, (b) randomized controlled trials (RCTs) as well as high quality quasi-experimental studies, and (c) recently conducted studies, as previous meta - analyses included studies that were published until 2013.