Sentences with phrase «many nucleotide differences»

Samani and his colleagues analyzed more than 500,000 genetic variations (naturally occurring, single - nucleotide differences) spanning the genome in blood cells collected from almost 3,000 people.

When the chimp and human genomes are compared, some of the clearest cases of nucleotide differences are found in genes coding for transcription factors.

Suddenly, one minor nucleotide difference would be amplified across a network of gene differences.

Humans and chimps each have somewhere between 20,000 and 30,000 genes, so there are likely to be nucleotide differences in every single gene.

While the two actin isoforms differ by only four amino acids, their mRNA coding sequences differ by almost 13 percent because of «silent» nucleotide differences that nevertheless encode the same amino acids.

Fewer nucleotide differences suggest a closer relationship (i.e. a more recent common ancestor), while more nucleotide differences suggest the organisms are more distantly related.

A maximum of 19 nucleotide differences was observed between isolates within the same RFLP type, but a minimum of 36 differences was found between the most closely related isolates with different RFLP types.

All reads covering a given position yielded the same (corrected) nucleotide, indicating that previous nucleotide differences in published genomes [1](red lollipops) are due to sequencing error.

By SNP analysis, single nucleotide differences between the sequences of 22Rv1 - associated XMRV and XMRV genomes detected in prostate cancer tissues [VP35, VP42, and VP62 (2006)-RSB-(red lollipops) are corrected by the deep sequencing coverage data (black lollipops).

Not exact matches

«The mean difference in leukocyte telomere length between the most active and least active subjects was 200 nucleotides (chemical structural units of DNA and RNA), which means that the most active subjects had telomeres the same length as sedentary individuals up to 10 years younger, on average.»

Single - nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs — pronounced «snips») are the most common type of human genetic variation; each one represents a small difference in a nucleotide — the building blocks of our DNA.

The human genome contains 6 billion nucleotides, but the differences between one person's DNA and another's are slight.

All three teams found sections of DNA — haplotypes — that differed and ultimately pinpointed a single - letter difference that changed the amino - acid content of complement factor H. HapMap researchers say that refining the map further will speed up such discoveries, and they plan to release a new version this month that will include 4 million single - nucleotide variants.

Large genetic distance, multiple genetically fixed nucleotide site differences, morphological and habitat distinctions, and extremely limited hybridization of gene flow between forest and savannah elephants support the recognition and conservation management of two African species: Loxodonta africana and Loxodonta cyclotis.

Furthermore, the analysis of data on single - nucleotide polymorphisms, the main cause of difference between human beings, allows the prediction of phenotypic effects of a particular genetic variation.

Some of the differences among studies could arise from gene tree incongruence, possibly due to incomplete lineage sorting (ILS) of those genes (29, 31), nucleotide base composition biases (19), differences between data types (32, 33), or insufficient data (34, 35).

One might assume that the differences between chimp and human genes boil down to those sorts of typographical errors: one nucleotide being swapped for a different one and altering the gene it sits in.

HapMap is a directory of «single nucleotide polymorphisms,» or SNPs, places in the genome where differences between individuals (in the form of single chemical letters) appear in the DNA code.

In genomes involving billions of nucleotides, a tiny 2 percent difference translates into tens of millions of ACGT differences.

The basic difference between small and long non-coding RNA is the number of nucleotides — the structural building blocks of RNA.

Then they checked blood samples against half a million known variations in DNA sequences, or single - nucleotide polymorphisms, which recently were identified by the International HapMap Project that looked for differences in the genomes of people from many populations.

Penn Vet researchers showed that differences in the order of nucleotides — not the amino acids — governed the distinct functions of two forms of actin.

Looking for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or subtle variations in the DNA sequence, they found differences in AHR2, which plays an important role in mediating toxicity in early life stages.

The tests look for differences in the DNA nucleotides adenosine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine (A, T, G, and C — the letters of the genetic code) between one person and another, or between one group of people and another group.

SMN1 and SMN2 are nearly identical, he said, and the only consistent difference between them is a single nucleotide variation at the start of exon 7.

Scott D. Collins, Ph.D., University of Maine, Orono $ 850,000 (2 years) «High - speed Nanopore Gene Sequencing» Skilled in silicon fabrication methods, this group will try to fabricate a nanopore with tiny electrodes and built - in circuits that will be used in experiments that attempt to measure differences in the electron tunneling of individual nucleotides in DNA molecules.

It will then test the device to see if it is possible to distinguish between the four types of nucleotides based on differences in a phenomenon called electron tunneling.

They do this by aiming for little genetic differences in DNA called single nucleotide polymorphisms, or «SNPs» (pronounced «snips»).

The difference in nucleotides between the two ends was calculated; a negative value indicates the 5 ′ end reported by Clowney et al. is upstream of the one reported here, by Cufflinks [33].

The difference in nucleotides between the two ends was calculated; a negative value indicates the 5 ′ end reported by nanoCAGE is upstream of the one reported by Cufflinks.