Sentences with phrase «measuring ocean ice»

This talk was part of The Sleeping Giant: Measuring Ocean Ice Interactions in Antarctica short course at the Keck Institute for Space Studies at Caltech on September 9, 2013.

Not exact matches

The study uses data from two NASA missions — Operation IceBridge, which measures ice thickness and gravity from aircraft, and Oceans Melting Greenland, or OMG, which uses sonar and gravity instruments to map the shape and depth of the seafloor close to the ice front.

Velicogna and her colleagues also measured a dramatic loss of Greenland ice, as much as 38 cubic miles per year between 2002 and 2005 — even more troubling, given that an influx of fresh melt water into the salty North Atlantic could in theory shut off the system of ocean currents that keep Europe relatively warm.

The plan is to drop sensors into the surrounding ocean to measure water temperatures, then skim the ice for signs of changes in surface height.

An analysis of CO2 preserved in ice cores shows that for more than 600,000 years the ocean had a pH of approximately 8.2 (pH is the acidity of a solution measured on a 14 - point scale, with a pH below 7 being acidic and above 7, basic).

«The buoy worked well,» continues Dr Gerland, «measuring light reflection off the ice as well as how much light penetrated into the ocean beneath the ice.»

Arguably the most comprehensive of all the Copernicus Sentinel missions, Sentinel - 3A carries a suite of state - of - the - art instruments to systematically measure the temperature of Earth's oceans, land, ice and atmosphere.

Satellites first began measuring the extent of sea ice in the Arctic Ocean during the 1970s.

An onboard magnetometer will measure the depth and saltiness of the ocean and a spectrometer will measure chemicals in Europa's uppermost layers of ice.

This makes it possible to precisely measure the altitude of the ocean water which reaches the surface through ice cracks and openings.

The addition of Svalbard will allow the mission to collect data on sea ice and snow in a scarcely measured section of the Arctic Ocean and its surrounding seas, along with measurements of a few glaciers in the Svalbard archipelago.

Scientists are involved in the evaluation of global - scale climate models, regional studies of the coupled atmosphere / ocean / ice systems, regional severe weather detection and prediction, measuring the local and global impact of the aerosols and pollutants, detecting lightning from space and the general development of remotely - sensed data bases.

ICESat - 2 will add to our understanding of Arctic sea ice by measuring sea ice thickness from space, providing scientists more complete information about the volume of sea ice in the Arctic and Southern oceans.

As you can see in Figure 1, natural land and ocean carbon remains roughly in balance and have done so for a long time — and we know this because we can measure historic levels of CO2 in the atmosphere both directly (in ice cores) and indirectly (through proxies).

The most promising approach is to measure the rate of changing heat content of the ocean, atmosphere, land, and ice [64].

In addition, since the global surface temperature records are a measure that responds to albedo changes (volcanic aerosols, cloud cover, land use, snow and ice cover) solar output, and differences in partition of various forcings into the oceans / atmosphere / land / cryosphere, teasing out just the effect of CO2 + water vapor over the short term is difficult to impossible.

We know the the areal extent of sea ice is an important measure of the degree of cold in the Arctic Ocean / sea ice subsystem of Earth's climate but is it not true that even if areal extent was to increase the amount of ice could still be much decreased?

There is a difference between peaks and valleys in noisy processes (1998 surface air temperature, 2007 record minimum ice, or shipping at a few small areas on the edges of the Arctic ocean) and CO2 forcing driven trends, especially when different measures.

There are two ways to categorize the amount of ice: by measuring the extent (essentially the area of the ocean covered by ice, though in detail it's a little more complicated) or using volume, which includes the thickness of the ice.

So the researchers used monthly data from the satellite mission GRACE, or the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment, which measures components in the Earth's mass system such as ocean currents, earthquake - induced changes and melting ice.

But on the contrary, the Southern Ocean has warmed by around 0.5 °C in the three decades since satellites began measuring sea ice trends.

The sea ice extent measure is broader, including areas of ocean where ice covers 15 % of the surface area.

Well, the latter part of that might be true if it weren't for the fact that climatologists are indeed measuring what is happening in the swamps and the clouds — and in ice cores and ocean monitors and all the rest.

This instruments initially designed for measuring winds at the ocean surface allow to detect both the edge of the ice pack and the nature of the ice which it is made of (first - year, old ice,...).

The initial objective of the Argo program was to operate 3200 profiling floats in the ice - free waters from 60 ° N to 60 ° S to measure pressure, temperature, and salinity in the upper 2000 meters of the ocean.

Peter Wadhams, President of the International Association on Sea Ice and Head of the Polar Ocean Physics Group / Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, says: «It is quite urgent that we recognize what is going on... the ice has been getting thinner over the last 40 years since I have been measuring it, and it has lost about one - half of its thickness... five years ago the shrinkage started to acceleraIce and Head of the Polar Ocean Physics Group / Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, says: «It is quite urgent that we recognize what is going on... the ice has been getting thinner over the last 40 years since I have been measuring it, and it has lost about one - half of its thickness... five years ago the shrinkage started to acceleraice has been getting thinner over the last 40 years since I have been measuring it, and it has lost about one - half of its thickness... five years ago the shrinkage started to accelerate.

Scientists measured how, within hours of the lakes forming, the vast ice sheets rose up, as if floating on water, and slid towards the ocean.

Add in the fact that the thickness of the ice, which is much harder to measure, is estimated to have fallen by half since 1979, when satellite records began, and there is probably less ice floating on the Arctic Ocean now than at any time since a particularly warm period 8,000 years ago, soon after the last ice age.

Dozens of autonomous buoys deployed on the sea ice as far as 20 kilometers away from the vessel measured the growth and melting of sea ice to give indications of ocean heat flux on a larger scale.

Even simply measuring net flux of energy into the Arctic via ocean currents from record high OHC would call into serious question the possibility that the long term decline in Arctic sea ice would reverse or «revert to the mean».

Actually Fielding's use of that graph is quite informative of how denialist arguments are framed — the selected bit of a selected graph (and don't mention the fastest warming region on the planet being left out of that data set), or the complete passing over of short term variability vs longer term trends, or the other measures and indicators of climate change from ocean heat content and sea levels to changes in ice sheets and minimum sea ice levels, or the passing over of issues like lag time between emissions and effects on temperatures... etc..

Scientists and engineers at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution with much support from American tax - payers keep up many buoys that float with the ice, measure the oceans below, and send data back via satellites overhead to be posted for all to see on the internet.

Scientists measure these ratios in the layers of many different natural archives, such as ice cores, cave formations, tree rings, corals, and even ocean and lake sediments.

The BAS radars measure how the ice thins and thickens during the year while my moorings measure ocean properties that may cause some of the melting.

The problem with your analysis is that the ice cores already reflect the ocean temperature by measuring the ratio of Deuterium to Hydrogen based on the difference in the relative evaporation of each, vs. temperature.

Measure the temperatures of sea ice, ocean surface, and cloud tops using IR images and sensors deployed on the USCG C - 130

NSIDC scientist Julienne Stroeve travels to the Arctic Ocean to study sea ice at its lowest extent since satellites started measuring it in 1979.

Answer: if warming releases CO2 from the ocean, whether coming out of an ice age or when initiated by ACO2, it upsets IPCC's model that the bulge in atmospheric CO2 measured at MLO is all due to man.

The most promising approach is to measure the rate of changing heat content of the ocean, atmosphere, land, and ice [64].

Tide heights near ice shelves can be measured using traditional coastal tide gauges and bottom pressure recorders, while currents can be measured with meters on moorings in the open ocean or deployed through boreholes drilled through ice shelves, which are the floating portions of ice sheets.

Temperature has gone up and down but it is difficult to measure precisely with the proxy records of ice cores the Anarctic and Greenland and sediment cores in the ocean.

5) Contradictions due to limitations of technology (e.g., trying to measure sea level rise in mm when the ocean surface is never still or measure Antarctic ice mass in a region with constantly changing surfaces due to snowfall and rising and falling regions).

Sea levels are rising (ask the Mayor of Miami who has spent tax monies to raise road levels), we've had 15 of the hottest years eve measured, more precipitation is coming down in heavy doses (think Houston), we're seeing more floods and drought than ever before (consistent with predictions), the oceans are measuring warmer, lake ice in North America is thawing sooner (where it happens in northern states and Canada), most glaciers are shrinking, early spring snowpacks out west have declined since the 1950's, growing seasons are longer throughout the plains, bird wintering ranges have moved north, leaf and bloom dates recorded by Thoreau in Walden have shifted in that area, insect populations that used to have one egg - larva - adult cycle in the summer now have two, the list goes on and on.

Since ice cores are a measure of the water in the ice, what the ice core is actually measuring are the conditions of the oceans that the water originally evaporated from.

As explained in the press release, the scientists began with the measure of sea level rise between 2005 and 2013, then deducted the amount of rise due to meltwater (e.g., melting ice sheets and loss of glacier mass worldwide) and then the amount of rise due to the expansion of water from the warming in the upper portion of the world's oceans (which scientists have good data on).

Josh Willis, a lead NASA scientist for the Jason missions, which measure sea level rise from space and Ocean's Melting Greenland (OMG), is a passionate communicator about human - caused global warming.Come listen to a talk on what his team has found out about the role of the oceans in ice loss around the margins of the Greenland Ice Sheice loss around the margins of the Greenland Ice SheIce Sheet.

These new findings are critical to measuring the global impact to sea - level rise resulting from ice flowing into the ocean.

Ardhuin F., J. Stopa, B. Chapron, F. Collard, M. Smith, M. D. Thomson, B. W. Blomquist, P. O. G. Persson, C. O. Collins and P. Wadhams (February 2017): Measuring ocean waves in sea ice using SAR imagery: A quasi-deterministic approach evaluated with Sentinel - 1 and in situ data.

What we have now is that all measures of what is happening - ocean heat, sea level, ice sheet melt, land temperatures and atmospheric temperatures are all pointing to warming.

After all the warm and cold events, snow falls and melts, swings in ocean currents, and passing of storms, at the end of the summer we can measure how much ice is left and see the sum of all these effects.