Modeling Vegetation Fires and Fire Emissions.
Not exact matches
With the data they simulated 130 years of growth following the Yellowstone
Fires using a computer
model calibrated to the study area and used by forest and land managers around the U.S., called the Forest
Vegetation Simulator.
Based on satellite monitoring and
models that estimate the carbon released from burning
vegetation (plus or minus 50 percent), the group reckons that U.S.
fires produce 290 million metric tons of carbon per year, equal to about 5 percent of the nation's annual emissions from fossil fuels.
Scientists developed global
model on the role of human activity and weather on
vegetation fires
-- 7) Forest
models for Montana that account for changes in both climate and resulting vegetation distribution and patterns; 8) Models that account for interactions and feedbacks in climate - related impacts to forests (e.g., changes in mortality from both direct increases in warming and increased fire risk as a result of warming); 9) Systems thinking and modeling regarding climate effects on understory vegetation and interactions with forest trees; 10) Discussion of climate effects on urban forests and impacts to cityscapes and livability; 11) Monitoring and time - series data to inform adaptive management efforts (i.e., to determine outcome of a management action and, based on that outcome, chart future course of action); 12) Detailed decision support systems to provide guidance for managing for adapt
models for Montana that account for changes in both climate and resulting
vegetation distribution and patterns; 8)
Models that account for interactions and feedbacks in climate - related impacts to forests (e.g., changes in mortality from both direct increases in warming and increased fire risk as a result of warming); 9) Systems thinking and modeling regarding climate effects on understory vegetation and interactions with forest trees; 10) Discussion of climate effects on urban forests and impacts to cityscapes and livability; 11) Monitoring and time - series data to inform adaptive management efforts (i.e., to determine outcome of a management action and, based on that outcome, chart future course of action); 12) Detailed decision support systems to provide guidance for managing for adapt
Models that account for interactions and feedbacks in climate - related impacts to forests (e.g., changes in mortality from both direct increases in warming and increased
fire risk as a result of warming); 9) Systems thinking and
modeling regarding climate effects on understory
vegetation and interactions with forest trees; 10) Discussion of climate effects on urban forests and impacts to cityscapes and livability; 11) Monitoring and time - series data to inform adaptive management efforts (i.e., to determine outcome of a management action and, based on that outcome, chart future course of action); 12) Detailed decision support systems to provide guidance for managing for adaptation.
Considering the carbon - cycle feedback, some
models (e.g. Cox et al.) estimate large positive
vegetation feedback (increased soil respiration, lower photosynthesis due to increased
vegetation stress, increased
fire frequency...) and some of the most extreme scenarios predict the CO2 concentration to be up to 980 ppm.
Carbon residence time depends on the turnover rates of plant parts and the mortality rates of individuals, processes
modeled using baseline rates, climate sensitivities (including
fire), and competitively induced mortality, and are affected indirectly through shifts in
vegetation composition, although not all these processes are treated in all
models (SI Text).
However, global - scale
vegetation model development has strongly focused on productivity processes whereas, apart from major disturbances such as
fire, the dynamics of carbon turnover have been largely ignored.
(Right) Letters indicate relevant processes for residence time and NPP behavior included in each
model: D, dynamic
vegetation; F,
fire; N, N cycle; P, permafrost; V, vapor pressure deficit affects stomatal conductance; S, temperature affects senescence; and M, temperature affects mortality.
We have evaluated the potential decadal predictability of variations in soil water,
vegetation, and
fire frequency over North America using the low resolution version of the earth system
model CESM.