Sentences with phrase «near global observations»
Near global observations of other surface «weather» variables, such as precipitation and winds, have been made for about a hundred years.
http://www.junksciencearchive.com/ Not exact matches
However, comparison of the global, annual mean time series of near - surface temperature (approximately 0 to 5 m depth) from this analysis and the corresponding SST series based on a subset of the International Comprehensive Ocean - Atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS) database (approximately 134 million SST observations; Smith and Reynolds, 2003 and additional data) shows a high correlation (r = 0.96) for the period 1955 to 2005.
We use simple representations of the carbon cycle and global temperature, consistent with observations, to simulate transient global temperature and assess carbon emission scenarios that could keep global climate near the Holocene range.
Summary for Policymakers Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: Observations: Atmosphere and Surface Chapter 3: Observations: Ocean Chapter 4: Observations: Cryosphere Chapter 5: Information from Paleoclimate Archives Chapter 6: Carbon and Other Biogeochemical Cycles Chapter 7: Clouds and Aerosols Chapter 8: Anthropogenic and Natural Radiative Forcing Chapter 8 Supplement Chapter 9: Evaluation of Climate Models Chapter 10: Detection and Attribution of Climate Change: from Global to Regional Chapter 11: Near - term Climate Change: Projections and Predictability Chapter 12: Long - term Climate Change: Projections, Commitments and Irreversibility Chapter 13: Sea Level Change Chapter 14: Climate Phenomena and their Relevance for Future Regional Climate Change Chapter 14 Supplement Technical Summary
However, models would need to underestimate variability by factors of over two in their standard deviation to nullify detection of greenhouse gases in near - surface temperature data (Tett et al., 2002), which appears unlikely given the quality of agreement between models and observations at global and continental scales (Figures 9.7 and 9.8) and agreement with inferences on temperature variability from NH temperature reconstructions of the last millennium.
Near - term projections of global average temperature, updated with latest global temperature observations and forecasts.
The focus is placed on the ESA and Member States missions providing near daily global surface reflectance observation at moderate spatial resolution (MERIS FR & RR, SPOT VEGETATION) but the contribution of ESA SAR sensors will also be investigated to tackle specific land cover discrimination issue.
However, comparison of the global, annual mean time series of near - surface temperature (approximately 0 to 5 m depth) from this analysis and the corresponding SST series based on a subset of the International Comprehensive Ocean - Atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS) database (approximately 134 million SST observations; Smith and Reynolds, 2003 and additional data) shows a high correlation (r = 0.96) for the period 1955 to 2005.
We compared the present - day simulations with near - global observations from the Measurements of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT) instrument flown on NASA's Terra satellite and with local surface measurements.
Figure 2: Gillett et al. time series of global mean near - surface air temperature anomalies in observations and simulations of CanESM2.
It consists of four components: analysis software, an observationally based collection of global or near - global observations, a database of performance metrics computed from all models contributing to CMIP, and usage documentation.
Radiation Budget of the West African Sahel and its Controls: A Perspective from Observations and Global Climate Models, Miller et al, 8/2012, read more here; ``... GCMs underestimated the surface LW and SW CRF and predicted near zero SW CRE when the measured values were substantially larger...»
We use simple representations of the carbon cycle and global temperature, consistent with observations, to simulate transient global temperature and assess carbon emission scenarios that could keep global climate near the Holocene range.
Radiosonde - based observations (with near global coverage since 1958) and satellite - based temperature measurements (beginning in late 1978) show warming trends in the troposphere and cooling trends in the stratosphere.
Canadian climate model simulations of near - surface global temperatures and three datasets of observations.
With the model and observation trends set to zero in 1979, the discrepancy between the model mean of the near - surface global temperatures and the surface observations by 2012 was 0.73 °C.
The discrepancy of model to near - surface observation trends in the tropic is much greater than for the global average.
The discrepancy between the model and the observation increase dramatically after 1998 as there has been no global near - surface warming during the last 16 years.
Overall the model means stick like glue to the observations, giving an impression of near - perfect understanding not just of global but of regional climate change over the last century.
Interestingly, the near - global observations show a greater drop in outgoing longwave radiation at the CO2 wavelengths around 700 cm - 1 compared to the change over tropical regions.
Satellite observations provide near - global coverage and thus represent an important source of information over the oceans, where radiosonde observations are scarce, and in the upper troposphere, where radiosonde sensors are often unreliable.