Neural markers of familial risk for depression: An investigation of cortical thickness abnormalities in healthy adolescent daughters of mothers with recurrent depression.
The neural bases of numerosity processing have been investigated in structural and functional neuroimaging studies of adults and children, and
neural markers of its impairment in dyscalculia have been identified.
A Neural Marker of Perceptual Consciousness in Infants.
That too traded off with
the neural marker of reinforcement learning.
Not exact matches
«Recent scientific advances have enabled us to identify a trove
of neurotransmitters and detect relevant
neural brain pathways as well as genetic
markers that help explain the biology
of the placebo effect,» said Kaptchuk.
«The distinct
neural markers associated with cognitive performance and GWI revealed in our study can be useful for future research to objectively measure the efficacy
of treatments for GWI as well as other brain disorders related to the same neurotransmitter system, like Alzheimer's disease.»
This novel finding is important for our understanding
of this complex condition and its development, and warrants further research on the possibility to use the atypical
neural response to the own name as a potential biological
marker of ASD.
The experiments used functional magnetic resonance imaging to measure increased blood flow throughout the brain, a
marker of increased
neural activity, during a wide range
of activities, including finger - tapping, whistling, chewing, drawing, writing, reading, watching a movie and playing video games and memory games.
Now, researchers at the University
of Cambridge have used fluorescent
markers to track cell development in the embryo
of a cartilaginous fish — a little skate in this case — and found that these thorny scales are in fact created from the same type
of cells as teeth:
neural crest cells.
Intrigued, the team inserted a human version
of L1 into rat
neural stem cells, along with a
marker that would make the cells glow green whenever L1 made a jump.
«Our study showed that clinicians are now detecting more cases
of autoimmune encephalitis than they were in the past because
of the discovery
of these new
neural autoantibody
markers.
Expanding from their previous studies with mice, the researchers first established that under specific conditions, culturing human embryonic stem cells with fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) leads to
neural differentiation particular to the midbrain / hindbrain region — the location
of the cerebellum — within three weeks, and the expression
of markers for the cerebellar plate neuroepithelium — the part
of the developing nervous system specific for the cerebellum — within five.
Using Acks as the
neural activity
marker, we next attempted to find brain regions
of the Japanese honeybee workers that were active during the formation
of a hot defensive bee ball.
However, we have found a fluorescent
marker for nestin, a
neural crest stem cell
marker, in the posterior limbal region
of the human anterior segment in the vicinity
of both the trabecular meshwork and Schwalbe's line (unpublished).
Using a novel methodology, the researchers found an association between the disorder and a DNA
marker that is very close to the dopamine transporter gene, which controls the intake
of this important
neural messenger by the nerve cells that respond to dopamine's signal.
To map the active regions in the brains
of the Japanese honeybee workers during the formation
of a defensive bee ball, we intended to use the kakusei homolog as a
neural activity
marker.
Expression
of the Wnt inhibitor Dickkopf - 1 is required for the induction
of neural markers in mouse embryonic stem cells differentiating in response to retinoic acid.
A better understanding
of the
neural determinants
of changes in fluid intelligence is therefore necessary for improving our understanding
of healthy cognitive aging, and may aid the development
of early
markers for individuals at risk
of rapid decline.
Thus, we concluded that Acks could be utilized as a
marker of neural activity that occurred 30 to 60 min before in the brains
of Japanese honeybees, although we could not detect the spotted signal in the antennal lobes (ALs, primary olfactory center), suggesting that Acks, like kakusei, is not useful for detecting
neural activity in the ALs (data not shown).
Using Acks as a
neural activity
marker, we demonstrated that
neural activity in the mushroom bodies, especially in Class II Kenyon cells, one subtype
of mushroom body intrinsic neurons, and a restricted area between the dorsal lobes and the optic lobes was increased in the brains
of Japanese honeybee workers involved in the formation
of a hot defensive bee ball.
The metabolic dysfunction may well proceed the clinical signs, such as thinning
of the
neural fiber layer and ganglion cell layer, which offers another synergistic
marker in addition to the nanoscale structural
markers.
(C) Confocal image
of P150 dystrophic inner retina transplanted with hNPCctx — GDNF and double stained with antibodies against nestin, a
neural stem and progenitor cell
marker (green) and human nuclear antigen (red).
Neural crest - like stem cells (NCLSC) share many properties with aggressive melanoma cells, such as high migratory capabilities and expression of neural crest ma
Neural crest - like stem cells (NCLSC) share many properties with aggressive melanoma cells, such as high migratory capabilities and expression
of neural crest ma
neural crest
markers.
Of note, mouse neural stem cells (NSCs) were reprogrammed using only one (Oct4) or two factors (Oct4 and Klf4), due to the endogenously high expression of pluripotent genes, such as Sox2 and c - Myc, as well as several intermediate reprogramming markers [14], [17], [18
Of note, mouse
neural stem cells (NSCs) were reprogrammed using only one (Oct4) or two factors (Oct4 and Klf4), due to the endogenously high expression
of pluripotent genes, such as Sox2 and c - Myc, as well as several intermediate reprogramming markers [14], [17], [18
of pluripotent genes, such as Sox2 and c - Myc, as well as several intermediate reprogramming
markers [14], [17], [18].
We believe that a similar early precursor may exist to the PrEc lineage (Figure 9), and while we have no direct evidence for this, we did observe Oct4 positive cells that neither expressed Nanog nor the Venus transgene and there also appears a slight enrichment
of early
neural markers in the V − S + population (Figure 4).
Such relationships were considered as evidence that particular maternal - care behaviors are positive
markers of offspring
neural development (8).
The neurobiology and psychophysiology
of human anxiety, classical and operant conditioning
markers of clinical anxiety, generalization
of conditioned fear, the
neural antecedents
of avoidance and other fear - related decisions
Neural and Cognitive
Markers and Regulation
of Emotion in Depression: A Mini-Review and a Short Case Report
First, they point to reduced vicarious activity in regions involved in performing actions, feeling touch and experiencing emotions, that are considered functional
markers of empathy, as a possible
neural basis for the reduced empathy and antisocial behaviour, central to psychopathy (Hare et al., 2001; Hare, 2003; Blair et al., 2006; Hare and Neumann, 2009).
Two
of the ROOTS studies have investigated associations between a genetic
marker (the serotonin transporter gene), child adversity, and
neural outcomes [22, 28].