Sentences with phrase «observations and modeling project»

The Southern Ocean Carbon and Climate Observations and Modeling project, which involves Climate Central staff and aims to track changes underway surrounding Antarctica, has developed improved pH sensors that could operate for five years or more on autonomous diving instruments.

Titanic international projects that are just kicking off, including the National Science Foundation - funded Ocean Observatories Initiative and Southern Ocean Carbon and Climate Observations and Modeling project, promise to pile on reams of new data and knowledge in the coming years — not all of it expected to be postcard pretty.

Not exact matches

Two of the major projects for this IPY will be the creation of permanent permafrost observations and an expansion of the International Tundra Experiment (ITEX), a model experiment that uses easily constructed greenhouses to artificially warm portions of the tundra.

A few of the main points of the third assessment report issued in 2001 include: An increasing body of observations gives a collective picture of a warming world and other changes in the climate system; emissions of greenhouse gases and aerosols due to human activities continue to alter the atmosphere in ways that are expected to affect the climate; confidence in the ability of models to project future climate has increased; and there is new and stronger evidence that most of the warming observed over the last 50 years is attributable to human activities.

«One of the big achievements of the project was a demonstration of how models and field observations are able to work together for mutual benefit,» Simmons said.

FMI has been involved in research project, which evaluated the simulations of long - range transport of BB aerosol by the Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS - 5) and four other global aerosol models over the complete South African - Atlantic region using Cloud - Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) observations to find any distinguishing or common model biases.

The project may involve the following topics: — Interaction of the solar wind with magnetised and unmagnetised planets — Space weather forecasts — Numerical (HPC) and analytical modelling of MHD wave processes and jets in solar and astrophysical plasma — MHD wave observations and solar magneto - seismology — Application of advanced data analysis to solar system science — Physics of collisionless shocks (including planetary and interplanetary shocks)-- Analysis of multi-point measurements made by space missions, e.g Cluster (ESA), THEMIS (NASA), MMS (NASA)

This progress report details the status of these interrelated enhancements and the Large - Eddy Simulation (LES) ARM Symbiotic Simulation and Observation Workflow model implementation project (now midway through its two - year duration) at the Southern Great Plains site that is designed to bridge the scale gap between high - resolution ARM observations and large - scale climate models.

The observations show a bluer disc colour and a lower degree of polarisation for projected distances < 40au than predicted by the models.

In a recently published interview, Paul Hawken, an environmentalist, and Executive Director of Project Drawdown, a global coalition of researchers, scientists, and economists that models the impacts of global warming, made a spot - on observation about the pitfalls of seeking a simple, single solution to climate change.

We don't compare observations with the same time period in the models (i.e. the same start and stop dates), but to all model projections of the same time length (i.e. 60 - month to 180 - month) trends from the projected data from 2001 - 2020 (from the A1B run)(the trends of a particular length are calculated successively, in one month steps from 2001 to 2020).

Nevertheless it is interesting to consider this alongside, say, Stott and Jones (2012) who showed that constraining the models with recent observations makes the higher end of long - term projections look less likely, although long - term warming is still projected.

Arbetter, 4.7, Statistical A statistical model using regional observations of sea ice area and global NCEP air temperature, sea level pressure, and freezing degree day estimates continues the trend of projecting below - average summer sea ice conditions for the Arctic.

Penn State and the University of Hawaii both shared a grant of $ 770,000 for a research project called «Improved Projections of the Climate Response to Anthropogenic Forcing: Combining Paleoclimate Proxy and Instrumental Observations with an Earth System Model».

The climate models that project greater amounts of warming this century are the ones that best align with observations of the current climate, according to a new paper from Carnegie's Patrick Brown and Ken Caldeira published...

What many previous emergent - constraint studies have done is to take such a band of observations and project it onto the vertical ECS axis using the estimated regression line between ECS and the natural fluctuations, taking into account uncertainties in the estimated regression model.

In this section you can find updated and detailed information on sources, projects, initiative, products, data and actors on Climate Observations, Earth - System Modeling, Climate Services.

Since then there are a number of papers published on why the warming was statistically insignificant including a recent one by Richardson et al. 2016 which tries to explain that the models were projecting a global tas (temperature air surface) but the actual observations are a combination of tas (land) and SST oceans, meaning projected warming shouldn't be as much as projected.

These two projects and cooperative partners will improve sea ice observation and modelling on regional and local scale as well as support to climate research in the Polar Regions.

Wang & Zhang (2013, http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/abs/10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00721.1): «Both observations and most of the phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) models also show that the warm (cold) phase of the AMO is associated with a surface warming (cooling) and a subsurface cooling (warming) in the tropical North Atlantic (TNA).

For example, for the period 1951 — 2014 (the leftmost points in the chart, representing a trend length of 64 years) the trend in the observations is 0.11 °C per decade and the average model projected trend is 0.15 °C per decade.

«The authors write that North Pacific Decadal Variability (NPDV) «is a key component in predictability studies of both regional and global climate change,»... they emphasize that given the links between both the PDO and the NPGO with global climate, the accurate characterization and the degree of predictability of these two modes in coupled climate models is an important «open question in climate dynamics» that needs to be addressed... report that model - derived «temporal and spatial statistics of the North Pacific Ocean modes exhibit significant discrepancies from observations in their twentieth - century climate... conclude that «for implications on future climate change, the coupled climate models show no consensus on projected future changes in frequency of either the first or second leading pattern of North Pacific SST anomalies,» and they say that «the lack of a consensus in changes in either mode also affects confidence in projected changes in the overlying atmospheric circulation.»»

Wang, 5.0 (± 0.27), Modeling A projected September Arctic sea ice extent of 5.0 million km2 is based on a NCEP ensemble mean CFSv2 forecast initialized from the NCEP Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) that assimilates observed sea ice concentrations and other atmospheric and oceanic observations.

And different models may project different outcomes even under the same assumptions, due to the variety of «equally plausible numerical representations, solutions and approximations for modelling the climate system, given the limitations in computing and observations» [AR5, FAQ 12.1, p. 103And different models may project different outcomes even under the same assumptions, due to the variety of «equally plausible numerical representations, solutions and approximations for modelling the climate system, given the limitations in computing and observations» [AR5, FAQ 12.1, p. 103and approximations for modelling the climate system, given the limitations in computing and observations» [AR5, FAQ 12.1, p. 103and observations» [AR5, FAQ 12.1, p. 1036].

Within the Outlook project, there may be differences in how each group obtains their area (e.g., model grid cells of varying resolution, sea ice charts, and satellite observations); each of these could produce a different value for ice extent.

This project will advance our understanding of seasonal ice zone (SIZ) cloud - ice feedbacks and our ability to forecast SIZ weather and ice conditions through the combination of carefully designed model experiments, observations, and technology developments which are targeted to validate and improve the models.

What they don't say is that this point on its own is responsible for half the warming projected in the models, and hence that after twenty years of trying to reconcile the models and observations it's past time they turfed the models and trashed the assumption that humidity will cause monster positive feedback.

Here we introduce a new climate model evaluation package that quantifies differences between observations and simulations contributed to the World Climate Research Programme's Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (Cmodel evaluation package that quantifies differences between observations and simulations contributed to the World Climate Research Programme's Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CModel Intercomparison Project (CMIP).

Over the next 3 years the Ocean Colour Climate Change Initiative project aims to: Develop and validate algorithms to meet the Ocean Colour GCOS ECV requirements for consistent, stable, error - characterized global satellite data products from multi-sensor data archives; Produce and validate, within an R&D context, the most complete and consistent possible time series of multi-sensor global satellite data products for climate research and modelling; Optimize the impact of MERIS data on climate data records; Generate complete specifications for an operational production system; Strengthen inter-disciplinary cooperation between international Earth observation, climate research and modelling communities, in pursuit of scientific excellence.

The efficiency of this process is ensured because the EUPORIAS project is closely linked to SPECS and also participates actively in the European initiative European Climate Observations Modelling and Services (ECOMS) under work package WP1.3.

The CMIP5 collection of climate model simulations use observations up to 2005 and projected forcings thereafter.

The group studies the regional features of the the past, present and projected climate in Finland and surrounding areas using weather observations and climate models.

For years they and a number of researchers have claimed that the models have severely exaggerated the projected warming by greenhouse gases emitted by man and that observations over the past 20 years for the most part refute the theory.

The main outcomes of the ACCLIM project included; (i) return periods of extreme weather events based on observations at twelve weather stations, (ii) climate scenarios and probabilistic estimates of changes in climate over Finland based on an analysis of global and regional climate model simulations, (iii) guidance in the use of climate information in climate change impacts and adaptation research.

The climate information provided for this purpose is derived from observations, global and regional reanalyses, seasonal forecast data, climate model simulations, and other data needed to estimate or project sectoral impacts.

Knutti et al. (2010a) investigated the behaviour of the state - of - the - art climate model ensemble created by the World Climate Research Programme's Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 3 (CMIP3, Meehl et al. 2007), and found that the truth centred paradigm is incompatible with the CMIP3 ensemble: the ensemble mean does not converge to observations as the number of ensemble members increases, and the pairwise correlation of model errors (the differences between model and observation) between two ensemble members does not average to zero (Knutti et al. 2010a; Annan and Hargreaves 2010; hereafter Amodel ensemble created by the World Climate Research Programme's Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 3 (CMIP3, Meehl et al. 2007), and found that the truth centred paradigm is incompatible with the CMIP3 ensemble: the ensemble mean does not converge to observations as the number of ensemble members increases, and the pairwise correlation of model errors (the differences between model and observation) between two ensemble members does not average to zero (Knutti et al. 2010a; Annan and Hargreaves 2010; hereafter AModel Intercomparison Project Phase 3 (CMIP3, Meehl et al. 2007), and found that the truth centred paradigm is incompatible with the CMIP3 ensemble: the ensemble mean does not converge to observations as the number of ensemble members increases, and the pairwise correlation of model errors (the differences between model and observation) between two ensemble members does not average to zero (Knutti et al. 2010a; Annan and Hargreaves 2010; hereafter Amodel errors (the differences between model and observation) between two ensemble members does not average to zero (Knutti et al. 2010a; Annan and Hargreaves 2010; hereafter Amodel and observation) between two ensemble members does not average to zero (Knutti et al. 2010a; Annan and Hargreaves 2010; hereafter AH10).

Longer - term temperature and CO2 observations since 1850 show that the rate of warming has been less than half that projected by the climate models, spawning postulations of «missing energy hidden in the pipeline» to rationalize the dilemma.

Washington, DC — The climate models that project greater amounts of warming this century are the ones that best align with observations of the current climate, according to a new paper from Carnegie's Patrick Brown and Ken Caldeira published by Nature.

To help address these challenges, scientists run hurricane models calibrated with observations over the historical period to project future trends and understand the major factors driving these trends.

Three - dimensional (3D) planetary general circulation models (GCMs) derived from the models that we use to project 21st Century changes in Earth's climate can now be used to address outstanding questions about how Earth became and remained habitable despite wide swings in solar radiation, atmospheric chemistry, and other climate forcings; whether these different eras of habitability manifest themselves in signals that might be detected from a great distance; whether and how planets such as Mars and Venus were habitable in the past; how common habitable exoplanets might be; and how we might best answer this question with future observations.

Besides, given the plainness of the specification and the fact that it was estimated on 55 observations, I think managing to project with 95 % confidence where the temperature levels are going to be at 73 years later, and succeed, is pretty good for a 4 parameter model.