Sentences with phrase «ocean ice conditions»

A new modeling study by the Applied Physics Laboratory at the University of Washington, replaying last summer's Arctic Ocean ice conditions with and without the storm, shows that the short - term influence of all that ice churning probably played almost no role in the final ice retreat in September.

Not exact matches

Co-author Hayley Hung, a scientist with Environment Canada's Air Quality Division who studies toxic organic pollutants in the Arctic, said that in recent years, researchers had posited that warmer conditions would liberate POPs stored in land, ice and ocean reservoirs back into the atmosphere.

Such conditions, probably a rarity more than two decades ago, now extend to roughly 30 percent of the ice - covered Arctic Ocean during July, researchers report March 29 in Science Advances.

Scientists have suggested that ice sheets covering the ocean, or a hydrogen - sulfide haze, might have protected nascent life, but attempts to model these conditions have given ambiguous results.

«The idea is that sudden changes could arise when threshold conditions are met — for example, a tipping point arises whereby a large amount of ice is released suddenly into global oceans.

While Antarctic ice shelves are in direct contact with both the atmosphere and the surrounding oceans, and thus subject to changes in environmental conditions, they also go through repeated internally - driven cycles of growth and collapse.

The paper also describes an atmosphere - ocean modeling study of feedback loops caused by ice sheet melting under 2 °C conditions.

The team's next steps include looking more closely at specific ocean swell events and sea ice conditions during known ice shelf collapses and large iceberg calving events.

Working in remote conditions, researchers in the winter of 2012 ran a drill through 450 meters of ice and 500 meters of ocean to collect seafloor sediments on either side of this lost bulwark.

«Southern Ocean: Reconstructing environmental conditions over the past 30,000 years: Sea - ice zone has a major influence on the ecosystem.»

Year - round ice - free conditions across the surface of the Arctic Ocean could explain why Earth was substantially warmer during the Pliocene Epoch than it is today, despite similar concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

During this time, when dinosaurs roamed the almost subtropical forests of an ice - free Antarctic, conditions on the other side of the planet were even more remarkable: the Arctic Ocean was a gigantic freshwater lake infested with crocodile - like reptiles.

Year - round ice - free conditions across the surface of the Arctic Ocean could explain why Earth was substantially warmer during the Pliocene Epoch than it is today, despite similar concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, according to new research carried out at the University of Colorado Boulder.

«If protective ice shelves were suddenly lost in the vast areas around the Antarctic margin where reverse - sloping bedrock (where the bed on which the ice sheet sits deepens toward the continental interior, rather than toward the ocean) is more than 1,000 meters deep, exposed grounding line ice cliffs would quickly succumb to structural failure as is happening in the few places where such conditions exist today,» the researchers point out.

Under these conditions, a disproportionately rapid retreat of summertime sea ice in the central Arctic Ocean over the course of the next few decades, followed by its complete disappearance — depending on how quickly CO2 levels rise — roughly 250 years from now, is to be expected.

Europa has a global ocean locked away beneath a crust of ice; deep below, the moon's internal heat might create hospitable conditions, akin to hydrothermal vents at the bottom of the mid-Atlantic ridge and East Pacific Rise on Earth.

Under such conditions, ice sheets melt more strongly than when the surrounding ocean is thoroughly mixed.

The team, which includes Professor Baldwin, will lead innovative new research, which aims to advance current understanding of three key conditions that influence seasonal weather across the continent — the North Atlantic upper - ocean heat content, Arctic sea - ice, and the stratosphere.

If the heat is intense enough (center), it might melt the ice almost all the way to the surface; in that case, organic matter and sunlight from above could reach the ocean, creating promising conditions for biology.

«We have little data on the ocean and ice shelf conditions in this region,» says Fernando Paolo, a geophysicist at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif..

A study examined three different factors: warmer - than - usual surface atmosphere conditions (related to global warming); sea - ice thinning prior to the melting season (also related to global warming); and an August storm that passed over the Arctic, stirring up the ocean, fracturing the sea ice and sending it southward to warmer climes.

The study, by an international team of scientists led by the University of Cambridge, examined how changes in ocean currents in the Atlantic Ocean were related to climate conditions in the northern hemisphere during the last ice age, by examining data from ice cores and fossilised plankton shocean currents in the Atlantic Ocean were related to climate conditions in the northern hemisphere during the last ice age, by examining data from ice cores and fossilised plankton shOcean were related to climate conditions in the northern hemisphere during the last ice age, by examining data from ice cores and fossilised plankton shells.

A new NASA - led study has discovered an intriguing link between sea ice conditions and the melting rate of Totten Glacier, the glacier in East Antarctica that discharges the most ice into the ocean.

During the later period, when there was less sea ice, the whales dove significantly longer and deeper than in the earlier period — presumably in search of prey as the animals, in turn, changed their habits because of different ocean conditions brought on by sea ice loss.

Other scientists show how robotic drones, called Seagliders, swoop under the ice to track the movement of the pack and how it changes as ocean conditions change.

The report recommends beefing up forecasting systems for ocean and ice conditions, infrastructure for supply chains for people and equipment to respond, field research on the behavior of oil in the Arctic environment, and other strategies to prepare for a significant spill in the harsh conditions of the Arctic.

The results highlight how the interaction between ocean conditions and the bedrock beneath a glacier can influence the frozen mass, helping scientists better predict future Antarctica ice loss and global sea level rise.

«Ocean whitening and the sea ice recovery achieved in this way could lead to wetter and milder winter conditions in the southwestern United States and cooler conditions in the eastern United States,» Cvijanovic explains.

This changed ocean chemistry and reduced atmospheric CO2 levels, which increased global ice coverage and propelled Earth into severe icehouse conditions.

With the sun continuing to heat the ocean water at the tropical latitudes regardless of ice cap conditions up north, it would seem that the presence of an ice cap would result in a warmer ocean over the long term, with the converse also being true.

Bacteria, however, have remained Earth's most successful form of life — found miles deep below as well as within and on surface rock, within and beneath the oceans and polar ice, floating in the air, and within as well as on Homo sapiens sapiens; and some Arctic thermophiles apparently even have life - cycle hibernation periods of up to a 100 million years while waiting for warmer conditions underneath increasing layers of sea sediments (Lewis Dartnell, New Scientist, September 20, 2010; and Hubert et al, 2010).

In previous years, Antarctic sea ice hit record highs, potentially due to changing ocean conditions linked to the melting of land - bound glaciers.

«The big question is whether the ice sheet will react to these changing ocean conditions as rapidly as it did 14,000 years ago,» said lead author Dr Nick Golledge, a senior research fellow at Victoria's Antarctic Research Centre.

When ice melts, it allows the surface ocean to begin absorbing sunlight, potentially locking in the ice - free condition.

But if they are, they could provide a much easier way of determining just what conditions are like in the Europan ocean below the ice cover, since they would likely originate from that ocean, like they do on Enceladus.

Current changes in the ocean around Antarctica are disturbingly close to conditions 14,000 years ago that new research shows may have led to the rapid melting of Antarctic ice and an abrupt 3 - 4 metre rise in global sea level.

However, the Antarctic Ice Sheet is a complex system with interactions between the ice and climate, the ocean, and conditions at the base of the ice sheIce Sheet is a complex system with interactions between the ice and climate, the ocean, and conditions at the base of the ice sheice and climate, the ocean, and conditions at the base of the ice sheice sheet.

uncertainty in climate / ocean conditions input into the ice sheet model — any uncertainty in these, both present and future, will feed into uncertainty in the ice sheet model.

Jenkins, A., H.H. Hellmer, and D.M. Holland, The role of meltwater advection in the formulation of conservative boundary conditions at an ice - ocean interface, Journal of Physical Oceanography, 31 (1), 285 - 296, 2001.

Schmidt, G.A., C.M. Bitz, U. Mikolajewicz, and L.B. Tremblay, 2004: Ice - ocean boundary conditions for coupled models.

Mengel said some simulations produced the warm ocean conditions needed to remove the ice cork within the next 200 years, but It would take around 2,000 years to raise global sea levels by one meter (3.3 feet).

«Simply put, the shape of the ice sheet and the contact with the ocean makes it likely that these areas respond more pronouncedly to changes in climate boundary conditions — be they atmospheric, oceanic or glaciological.»

And I'm fascinated by the idea that some of the moons of our own outer Solar System — particularly Saturn's tiny Enceladus — have vast under - ice oceans and quite possibly the conditions necessary for life to arise independently of Earth.

«Dr Jim Maslanek of the University of Colorado, Boulder to observe the «Spatial and Temporal Variability of Ocean and Ice Conditions In and Near the Marginal Ice Zone»

But before you read on, have a quick look at this short time - lapse video of sea ice and weather conditions in the central Arctic Ocean from early July through August 8, recorded by one of the two autonomous cameras set on the sea ice near the North Pole each spring by a research team from the University of Washington (the same folks I accompanied in 2003).

However, atmospheric CO2 content plays an important internal feedback role.Orbital - scale variability in CO2 concentrations over the last several hundred thousand years covaries (Figure 5.3) with variability in proxy records including reconstructions of global ice volume (Lisiecki and Raymo, 2005), climatic conditions in central Asia (Prokopenko et al., 2006), tropical (Herbert et al., 2010) and Southern Ocean SST (Pahnke et al., 2003; Lang and Wolff, 2011), Antarctic temperature (Parrenin et al., 2013), deep - ocean temperature (Elder eld et al., 2010), biogeochemical conditions in the Northet al., 2Ocean SST (Pahnke et al., 2003; Lang and Wolff, 2011), Antarctic temperature (Parrenin et al., 2013), deep - ocean temperature (Elder eld et al., 2010), biogeochemical conditions in the Northet al., 2ocean temperature (Elder eld et al., 2010), biogeochemical conditions in the Northet al., 2008).

Dr. Pollard and Dr. DeConto ran a five - million - year computer simulation of the ice sheet's comings and goings, using data on past actual climate and ocean conditions gleaned from seabed samples (the subject of the other paper) to validate the resulting patterns.

There is not a single example of a simulation of the coupled ocean - atmosphere - sea ice system that spontaneously generates a change as big as doubling CO2, in Holocene type conditions.

The prime goal was a fresh assessment of ice, ocean and ecological conditions on the stretch of Antarctic coast south of Australia and New Zealand a century after an arduous expedition led by Sir Douglas Mawson did the same.

The following video gives you a fascinating view of one patch of sea ice through 90 days, provided by a webcam left behind by researchers who annually set up camp near the North Pole to check ocean and ice conditions up close.