Sentences with phrase «oxygen production by»

The team presents new isotopic data showing that a burst of oxygen production by photosynthetic cyanobacteria temporarily increased oxygen concentrations in Earth's atmosphere.

Not exact matches

Using software, the machine can calibrate production by letting in just the correct amounts of oxygen and light.

Columbia University biologists have revealed a mechanism by which bacterial cells in crowded, oxygen - deprived environments access oxygen for energy production, ensuring survival of the cell.

In the case of cisplatin - induced hearing loss, kenpaullone appears to protect hair cells by preventing CDK2 from stimulating the production of toxic reactive oxygen species from the cells» mitochondria.

To see whether cancer stem cell renewal involves a chain of events similar to that used by embryonic stem cells, and whether the process was affected by oxygen levels, Semenza and graduate student Chuanzhao Zhang focused their studies on two human breast cancer cell lines that responded to low oxygen by ramping up production of the protein ALKBH5, which removes methyl groups from mRNAs.

Because nitric oxide breaks down very quickly, as soon as the chemical is no longer being produced, the oxygen molecules are again trapped by the mitochondria and are not available for the production of light.

Such initiatives include research focused on more efficient production of gaseous hydrogen fuel by using solar energy to break water down into its components of hydrogen and oxygen.

One possibility, advanced by the Wisconsin team, is that restricting food consumption reduces the production of tissue - damaging oxygen free radicals that are a byproduct of food metabolism.

By applying millisecond laser light pulses to HCN channels tagged with a fluorescent photosensitizer, Zhou and colleagues were able to elicit the production of small amounts of singlet oxygen in a precise location and monitor its effects on the channels in open and closed states.

«[T] he high seas provide a range of ecosystem services, from driving weather systems and modulating the climate to the production of a high percentage of the oxygen we breathe,» states a letter signed by hundreds of marine scientists, including conservation icon Sylvia Earle, in support of the Law of the Sea approach.

Mitochondria help injured muscle cells (myofibers) repair by soaking up calcium that enters from the site of injury and using it to trigger increased production of reactive oxygen species.

Likewise, the production and destruction of oxygen, ozone, and methane is driven by chemical reactions powered by light, making the type of star important to consider as well.

«Energy production can also generate reactive chemical species — often referred to as «reactive oxygen species» or «oxidants» — as by - products, which can be damaging to cells.

They compared the production, combustion and gas emissions of biochar, which is produced by slow heating of the biomass at a temperature of 450 °C (842 °F) in an oxygen - free furnace with hydrochar.

Oxidative states are generally considered to be indicative of cellular stress; however, cells inherently release harmful reactive oxygen species during energy production, neutralized by intracellular antioxidative buffering systems.

The Einstein team suspected that cysteine was helping to kill TB bacteria by acting as a «reducing agent» that triggers the production of reactive oxygen species (sometimes called free radicals), which can damage DNA.

The team, led by Professor Greg Cook, found that in such conditions the bacterium is able to quickly switch its cellular metabolism from a primarily oxygen - based one over to one that uses fermentation for energy production instead.

They knew that the enzyme requires oxygen to catalyze the production of methylphosphonate, so by eliminating oxygen they were able to get snapshots of the enzyme as it bound to the necessary reaction partners but before it performed the reaction.

Researchers monitored the mice's energy expenditure by measuring oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production, and tracked the rodents» movements during the day and at night.

Because removing oxygen is crucial for biofuel production, the team focused on how water interferes with two oxygen - removal paths driven by a zeolite catalyst.

This primary response involves the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are molecules that can act like tiny bombs when released by the plant cell at the offending pathogen.

the additional oxygen decrease beyond that is strongly correlated with decreased subsurface primary production and strengthened poleward flows by the California Undercurrent.

The expression of micro-RNA miR - 663 was induced by mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production, an apoptotic signal and oxidative stress response, and miR - 663 induced the expression of nuclear - encoded mitochondrial respiratory chain subunits.

Research had shown that increased mitochondrial activity may be at least partly responsible for extending the life span of yeast, roundworms, fruit flies and some mammals — perhaps by reducing the production of disease - causing reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Cellect where additional supplementation maybe needed Micronutrient Blood Test Information Testing Outside the US Recommendation on B vitamins where needed What if I don't have access to the testing Bed bound and have not had any nutritional supplementation Serious health issues created by a lack of B vitamins Vitamin B6; vital for energy production and essential in transporting oxygen throughout the body Test case observations «The Doctor That Looked at Hands» B6 deficiency; example edema in pregnant woman from being water logged; some losing up to 50 pounds of water weight in a few days Dr Ellis recommendation for the correct B6 product and proper dosage Thoughts on Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and proper dosage Adequate Vitamin D level and proper dosage Dr Mercola's comments on the safety of tanning beds Testing Vitamin D deficiency and understanding the test is extremely important Vitamin D deficiencies linked to

(7) In related studies extracts of Dong quai have been shown to support health by exerting inflammation - modulating effects on the production of excess nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Korean Ginseng MAX - V by Douglas Labs, 60 Vegi Caps, 200 mg or Panax ginseng is an adaptogen that has been shown to enhance physical performance, stamina and energy production by shifting of metabolism into a fat - burning state due to an increased supply of oxygen to the muscles.

By improving oxygen delivery to cells, it upregulates the intracellular energy production and anti-oxidant systems.

It protects against anemia by increasing the production of red blood cells, which move oxygen throughout the body.

[1] Ketogenic diet benefits body composition and well - being but not performance in a pilot case study of New Zealand endurance athletes https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5506682 [2] Ketogenic low - carbohydrate diets have no metabolic advantage over nonketogenic low - carbohydrate diets https://academic.oup.com/ajcn/article/83/5/1055/4649481 [3] Energy expenditure and body composition changes after an isocaloric ketogenic diet in overweight and obese men https://academic.oup.com/ajcn/article/104/2/324/456464 [4] Ketones block amyloid https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26923399 [5] Ketones Inhibit Mitochondrial Production of Reactive Oxygen Species Production Following Glutamate Excitotoxicity by Increasing NADH Oxidation https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1865572/ [6] The ketogenic diet may have mood - stabilizing properties https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11918434 [7] The antidepressant properties of the ketogenic diet http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15601609

It does this by accelerating the production of erythropoietin (EPO)-- a hormone released from the kidneys that increases the rate of production of red blood cells in response to a decrease in oxygen in the blood and muscles.

Much like rust, this is a continuous wear and tear biochemical reaction in our cells producing free radicals (a by - product of oxygen - based energy - production processes).

For example, KBs were recently reported to act as neuroprotective agents by raising ATP levels and reducing the production of reactive oxygen species in neurological tissues, 80 together with increased mitochondrial biogenesis, which may help to enhance the regulation of synaptic function.80 Moreover, the increased synthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids stimulated by a KD may have a role in the regulation of neuronal membrane excitability: it has been demonstrated, for example, that polyunsaturated fatty acids modulate the excitability of neurons by blocking voltage-gated sodium channels.81 Another possibility is that by reducing glucose metabolism, ketogenic diets may activate anticonvulsant mechanisms, as has been reported in a rat model.82 In addition, caloric restriction per se has been suggested to exert neuroprotective effects, including improved mitochondrial function, decreased oxidative stress and apoptosis, and inhibition of proinflammatory mediators, such as the cytokines tumour necrosis factor - α and interleukins.83 Although promising data have been collected (see below), at the present time the real clinical benefits of ketogenic diets in most neurological diseases remain largely speculative and uncertain, with the significant exception of its use in the treatment of convulsion diseases.

The rheosmin found in raspberries can increase metabolism in our fat cells by increasing enzyme activity, oxygen consumption, and heat production in certain types of fat cells.

Resveratrol was found to induce antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), thioredoxin, glutathione peroxidase - 1, heme oxygenase - 1, and catalase, and / or inhibit reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases (NOX)(21).

Oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide production were measured by using a respiratory chamber to assess changes in energy expenditure, respiratory quotient (RQ; CO2 produced / O2 consumed), and carbohydrate and lipid oxidation rates, respectively.

The therapeutic dotential of dietary precursor modulation by a fish - oil - supplemented diet (n - 3 fatty acids), such as eicosapentaenoic acid (C20: 5,n - 3) and docosahexaenoic acid (C22: 6,n - 3) in the therapy of ulcerative colitis has been shown to result in a 35 % to 50 % decrease in neutrophil production of LTB4.28 Significant improvement in symptoms and histologic appearance of the rectal mucosa has been observed in several small series of patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis given fish oil at 3 to 4 g daily for 2 to 6 months in uncontrolled studies.29 However, a larger, randomized, double - blind trial comprising 96 patients with ulcerative colitis failed to reveal any benefit in remission maintenance or treatment of relapse on 4.5 g of eicosapentaenoic acid daily, despite a significant reduction in LTB4 synthesis by blood peripheral polymorphonuclear cells.30 It should be emphasized, however, that the anti-inflammatory actions of the fish oils, in addition to inhibition of LTB4, include suppression of IL - 1 and platelet activating factor synthesis and scavenging of free oxygen radicals.30 The impact of increased lipid peroxidation after fish oil supplementation should be considered when altering the n - 6: n - 3 fatty acid ratio.31 Antioxidant supplementation may be able to counteract the potentially adverse effects of n - 3 fatty acids.

ACT - activated clotting time (bleeding disorders) ACTH - adrenocorticotropic hormone (adrenal gland function) Ag - antigen test for proteins specific to a disease causing organism or virus Alb - albumin (liver, kidney and intestinal disorders) Alk - Phos, ALP alkaline phosphatase (liver and adrenal disorders) Allergy Testing intradermal or blood antibody test for allergen hypersensitivity ALT - alanine aminotransferase (liver disorder) Amyl - amylase enzyme — non specific (pancreatitis) ANA - antinuclear antibody (systemic lupus erythematosus) Anaplasmosis Anaplasma spp. (tick - borne rickettsial disease) APTT - activated partial thromboplastin time (blood clotting ability) AST - aspartate aminotransferase (muscle and liver disorders) Band band cell — type of white blood cell Baso basophil — type of white blood cell Bile Acids digestive acids produced in the liver and stored in the gall bladder (liver function) Bili bilirubin (bile pigment responsible for jaundice from liver disease or RBC destruction) BP - blood pressure measurement BUN - blood urea nitrogen (kidney and liver function) Bx biopsy C & S aerobic / anaerobic bacterial culture and antibiotic sensitivity test (infection, drug selection) Ca +2 calcium ion — unbound calcium (parathyroid gland function) CBC - complete blood count (all circulating cells) Chol cholesterol (liver, thyroid disorders) CK, CPK creatine [phospho] kinase (muscle disease, heart disease) Cl - chloride ion — unbound chloride (hydration, blood pH) CO2 - carbon dioxide (blood pH) Contrast Radiograph x-ray image using injected radiopaque contrast media Cortisol hormone produced by the adrenal glands (adrenal gland function) Coomb's anti- red blood cell antibody test (immune - mediated hemolytic anemia) Crea creatinine (kidney function) CRT - capillary refill time (blood pressure, tissue perfusion) DTM - dermatophyte test medium (ringworm — dermatophytosis) EEG - electroencephalogram (brain function, epilepsy) Ehrlichia Ehrlichia spp. (tick - borne rickettsial disease) EKG, ECG - electrok [c] ardiogram (electrical heart activity, heart arryhthmia) Eos eosinophil — type of white blood cell Fecal, flotation, direct intestinal parasite exam FeLV Feline Leukemia Virus test FIA Feline Infectious Anemia: aka Feline Hemotrophic Mycoplasma, Haemobartonella felis test FIV Feline Immunodeficiency Virus test Fluorescein Stain fluorescein stain uptake of cornea (corneal ulceration) fT4, fT4ed, freeT4ed thyroxine hormone unbound by protein measured by equilibrium dialysis (thyroid function) GGT gamma - glutamyltranferase (liver disorders) Glob globulin (liver, immune system) Glu blood or urine glucose (diabetes mellitus) Gran granulocytes — subgroup of white blood cells Hb, Hgb hemoglobin — iron rich protein bound to red blood cells that carries oxygen (anemia, red cell mass) HCO3 - bicarbonate ion (blood pH) HCT, PCV, MHCT hematocrit, packed - cell volume, microhematocrit (hemoconcentration, dehydration, anemia) K + potassium ion — unbound potassium (kidney disorders, adrenal gland disorders) Lipa lipase enzyme — non specific (pancreatitis) LYME Borrelia spp. (tick - borne rickettsial disease) Lymph lymphocyte — type of white blood cell MCHC mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (anemia, iron deficiency) MCV mean corpuscular volume — average red cell size (anemia, iron deficiency) Mg +2 magnesium ion — unbound magnesium (diabetes, parathyroid function, malnutrition) MHCT, HCT, PCV microhematocrit, hematocrit, packed - cell volume (hemoconcentration, dehydration, anemia) MIC minimum inhibitory concentration — part of the C&S that determines antimicrobial selection Mono monocyte — type of white blood cell MRI magnetic resonance imaging (advanced tissue imaging) Na + sodium ion — unbound sodium (dehydration, adrenal gland disease) nRBC nucleated red blood cell — immature red blood cell (bone marrow damage, lead toxicity) PCV, HCT, MHCT packed - cell volume, hematocrit, microhematocrit (hemoconcentration, dehydration, anemia) PE physical examination pH urine pH (urinary tract infection, urolithiasis) Phos phosphorus (kidney disorders, ketoacidosis, parathyroid function) PLI pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (pancreatitis) PLT platelet — cells involved in clotting (bleeding disorders) PT prothrombin time (bleeding disorders) PTH parathyroid hormone, parathormone (parathyroid function) Radiograph x-ray image RBC red blood cell count (anemia) REL Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever / Ehrlichia / Lyme combination test Retic reticulocyte — immature red blood cell (regenerative vs. non-regenerative anemia) RMSF Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever SAP serum alkaline phosphatase (liver disorders) Schirmer Tear Test tear production test (keratoconjunctivitis sicca — dry eye,) Seg segmented neutrophil — type of white blood cell USG Urine specific gravity (urine concentration, kidney function) spec cPL specific canine pancreatic lipase (pancreatitis)-- replaces the PLI test spec fPL specific feline pancreatic lipase (pancreatitis)-- replaces the PLI test T4 thyroxine hormone — total (thyroid gland function) TLI trypsin - like immunoreactivity (exocrine pancreatic insufficiency) TP total protein (hydration, liver disorders) TPR temperature / pulse / respirations (physical exam vital signs) Trig triglycerides (fat metabolism, liver disorders) TSH thyroid stimulating hormone (thyroid gland function) UA urinalysis (kidney function, urinary tract infection, diabetes) Urine Cortisol - Crea Ratio urine cortisol - creatine ratio (screening test for adrenal gland disease) Urine Protein - Crea Ratio urine protein - creatinine ratio (kidney disorders) VWF VonWillebrands factor (bleeding disorder) WBC white blood cell count (infection, inflammation, bone marrow suppression)

At one I ran an experiment by decimating my own solar panels, oxygen production and greenhouses, leaving my colony massively in the red for electricity, oxygen and food.

The new Continuous Liquid Interface Production technology (CLIP) harnesses light and oxygen to continuously grow objects from a pool of resin instead of printing them layer - by - layer.

«When this specially engineered wafer is hit by photons, the electric field helps separate photogenerated electrons and holes to drive the production of hydrogen and oxygen molecules efficiently,» Chowdhury says.

See Curry post on «Nonequilibrium thermodynamics and maximum entropy production in the Earth system» paper by Axel Kleidon (downloadable) https://judithcurry.com/2012/01/10/nonequilibrium-thermodynamics-and-maximum-entropy-production-in-the-earth-system/ «The Earth system is maintained in a unique state far from thermodynamic equilibrium, as, for instance, reflected in the high concentration of reactive oxygen in the atmosphere.

In addition to the production of hydrogen and oxygen, an SOEC could be used to create syngas by electrolyzing water vapor and carbon dioxide.»

Carbon dioxide production by humans is less than 11 % of the world's production of CO2, which in turn is less than half of the less than 0.1 % of atmospheric gases that are not oxygen or nitrogen.

The paper describes how high egg production of abalone within MPAs in Baja California, Mexico, led to faster recovery in nearby areas struck by increasingly frequent low - oxygen episodes.

Incidentally, how would the net btu's / acre achieved by ethanol production (if any) compare to the btu's / acre that could be achieved by using solar cells to electrolyze water during sun hours, then burning the hydrogen and oxygen in a conventional steam plant 24/7 at a rate slightly less than the average rate of O2 / H2 production?

But some algae and plankton blooms can turn dangerous, either through the production of chemical toxins or by severely depleting the oxygen supply in the ocean and creating «dead zones» that suffocate marine creatures.

That must be caused by the production of about 2 GtC, which released the extra oxygen.