Sentences with phrase «p2x3 immunoreactivity»

The most recent study report described in these same regions decreased tissue levels of 5 - HT and tryptophan hydroxylase, the synthesizing enzyme for serotonin, and no evidence of excessive serotonin degradation as assessed by levels of 5 - hydroxyindoleacetic acid (the main metabolite of serotonin) or ratios of 5 - hydroxyindoleacetic acid to serotonin.30 A recent article described a significant association between a decrease in medullary 5 - HT1A receptor immunoreactivity and specific SIDS risk factors, including tobacco smoking.40 These data confirm results from earlier studies in humans39, 41 and are also consistent with studies in piglets that revealed that postnatal exposure to nicotine decreases medullary 5 - HT1A receptor immunoreactivity.42 Animal studies have revealed that serotonergic neurons located in the medullary raphe and adjacent paragigantocellularis lateralis play important roles in many autonomic functions including the control of respiration, blood pressure, heart rate, thermoregulation, sleep and arousal, and upper airway patency.

Neurons with ChR2 - EYFP (green) show c - Fos immunoreactivity (red) induced by light stimulation.

MMP - 3 immunoreactivity was detected in cells within the lesion site, invading neutrophils, and blood vessel endothelial cells in the area outside of the initial injured area (the penumbra).

Some intragemmal fibers only show P2X3 immunoreactivity (arrows in E ′).

These GFP - labeled fibers were, however, only a subset of the total gustatory innervation of the taste buds, as revealed by immunoreactivity for P2X3 (Fig. 3E).

Regions of interest in the perikaryon of individual ganglion cells (as identified by P2X3 immunoreactivity) were outlined using ImageJ (RRID: nif -0000-30467).

B, Histograms of GFP and P2X3 normalized immunoreactivity of individual cells showing that whereas the P2X3 staining shows a unimodal normal distribution (mean 0.58), the GFP population is bimodal suggestive of high - expressing (mean = 0.69) and low - or nonexpressing populations (mean 0.12).

GFP immunoreactivity was detected in a subset of geniculate ganglion neurons (169/682, 24.8 %; Fig. 2B, C), whereas the P2X3 signal was present in nearly all ganglion cells (664/682, 97.4 %; Fig. 2B, C).

C, Scatterplot comparing relative fluorescence intensity for normalized P2X3 and GFP immunoreactivity.

(H) Cells expressing the rod photoreceptor marker XAP2 (rPR; red); BrdU - immunoreactivity (yellow) identifies mitotically active cells in the periphery of the same flank retina.

BrdU immunoreactivity was detected in all retinas tested (Figure 2H; Table S4).

BrdU immunoreactivity is not conclusive evidence for the presence of retinal stem cells.

To test this possibility, it will be necessary to examine whether the Acks - expressing neurons are A3v neurons by double staining for Acks expression and immunoreactivity to GAD, a GABA - synthesizing enzyme.

All muscle fibers exhibit complex II immunoreactivity, consistent with the nuclear DNA - encoded expression pattern of this and all other subunits of complex II.

Quantification of GFAP and Iba1 immunoreactivity revealed parallels in both mouse models in addition to distinct patterns of microglial activation.

Relationship of cannabinoid CB1 receptor and cholecystokinin immunoreactivity in monkey dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.

Pancreatic islet immunoreactivity to the Reg protein INGAP.

Isoform - dependent effects of apoE on doublecortin - positive cells and microtubule - associated protein 2 immunoreactivity following 137 Cs irradiation.

Ottersen OP, Storm - Mathisen J, Somogyi P (1988) Colocalization of glycine - like and GABA - like immunoreactivities in Golgi cell terminals in the rat cerebellum: a postembedding light and electron microscopic study Brain Res, 450 (1 - 2), 342 - 53 PubMed 2456823

Furthermore, in brains from APP transgenic mice conformation - specific antibodies have revealed the early appearance of intraneuronal fibrillar and oligomeric Aβ immunoreactivity, which declined as amyloid plaques appeared, and further became evident in the extracellular space [10].

Note the absence of McSA1 - immunoreactivity in non-transgenic animals (m).

The examination of the amyloid pathology with super-resolution microscopy permitted us to further reveal a clear separation of the subcellular location of Aβ - immunoreactivity from that of APP / CTFs.

Bicker G, Schäfer S, Ottersen OP, Storm - Mathisen J (1988) Glutamate - like immunoreactivity in identified neuronal populations of insect nervous systems J Neurosci, 8 (6), 2108 - 22 PubMed 2898517

McSA1 immunoreactivity remained limited to the intracellular compartment in heterozygote animals.

Catecholaminergic neurons containing GABA - like and / or glutamic acid decarboxylase - like immunoreactivities in various brain regions of the rat

A semiquantitative evaluation was used to score the immunoreactivity.

Notably, in DS brains intracellular Aβ immunoreactivity diminishes with increasing age and advanced AD pathology [18, 19].

Note the distinct intracellular localization of McSA1 immunoreactivity (green) with that of pab27576 (red), denoting Aβ - amyloid peptides and APP / CTFs, respectively.

Our microscopy studies at high magnification and high resolution have revealed a clear segregation between Aβ - immunoreactivity and that of APP and its C - terminal fragments (CTFs).

Characterization of McSA1 and pab27576 immunoreactivities by super-resolution microscopy.

At 13 months, transgenic rats exhibited strong intracellular and extracellular McSA1 immunoreactivity.

In our study, we observed strong Aβ - immunoreactivity in the amygdala at pre-plaque (intraneuronal) and post-plaque stages; changes which likely account for the fear conditioning deficits reported at both time points.

Intense intraneuronal Aβ immunoreactivity is observed in McGill transgenic rats throughout the neocortex (a-c, g - i, o), hippocampus (a-f, n) and amygdala (j - l), as detected with the anti-Aβ McSA1 monoclonal antibody.

Pre-adsorption of this antibody with synthetic Aβ42 completely abolished McSA1 immunoreactivity.

Corroborating our previous results with McSA1, we observed a differential pattern of immunoreactivity between MOAB - 2 and pab27576 in cells with detectable and reliable MOAB - 2 staining.

Note the absence of pab27576 immunoreactivity in amyloid plaques (a-c).

As seen in Figure 1, the antibody was highly specific for its target and showed strong immunoreactivity with the MEL624 PD - L1 + cells, but not the parental MEL624 cells.

Doherty, J.M., Cooke, B.M., Frantz, K.J. (2013) Attenuated Fos immunoreactivity in prelimbic and infralimbic medial prefrontal cortex during heroin - seeking behavior in adolescent vs. adult male rats.

The cellular and subcellular location of the immunoreactivity is defined and a summarizing text is provided describing the general staining pattern.

When CCHa2 - R mutant larvae were fed, their IPCs showed increased Dilp2 immunoreactivity, which was much stronger than that observed in starved or fed control larvae (Fig 4C).

The uptake and degradation of fibrils was analysed by quantitative light - and electron - microscopic immunocytochemistry and immunoreactivity was detectable in 86 + / -3 % cells within 6 h of culture.

Effects of neonatal treatment with valproic acid on vasopressin immunoreactivity and olfactory behaviour in mice.

CCHa2 immunoreactivity was also detected in endocrine cells in the gut as previously reported [20](Fig 1F).

The reduction in CD68 immunoreactivity between sedentary and exercised Grn − / − mice is consistent with the general anti-inflammatory effects of exercise, including those found in other mouse models of neurodegenerative disease (Gleeson et al., 2011; Stranahan et al., 2012).

We assessed microgliosis by immunostaining for CD68 and found significantly elevated CD68 immunoreactivity in the frontal cortex, hippocampus, and thalamus of Grn − / − mice, as expected (Fig. 6A w - y).

The sections are pseudo-colored using a heat map, with warmer colors indicating strong TH immunoreactivity.

Subsequent post hoc analysis revealed significantly lower CD68 immunoreactivity in exercised relative to sedentary Grn − / − mice (* p < 0.05).

A, Grn − / − mice had elevated CD68 immunoreactivity in the frontal cortex, hippocampus, and thalamus (ANOVA genotype effect, p < 0.0001).

For stereology, every fourth section through the midbrain was stained for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and / or tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunoreactivity using a free - floating procedure in which all steps were performed on a rotating shaker (∼ 250 rpm).

The reduced immunoreactivity of immune sera to heat - denatured antigens (blue bar) demonstrates the presence of heat - labile (conformational) epitopes.