Parenting during middle childhood.
Other research suggests that permissive
parenting during middle childhood puts kids at greater risk for social aggression (Ehrenreich et al 2014).
Not exact matches
During early and
middle childhood,
parents and teachers tend to commend any effort, large or small, poor or excellent.
Cable said he wanted to see renewed investment in adult education, speaking of both his
parents» education at night schools
during his
childhood, but said new technical training courses were needed to retrain
middle - aged workers whose jobs were coming under threat from automation.
«We see no downside and potentially a considerable upside in training efforts aimed at enhancing and supporting sustained highly responsive
parenting for children with FXS
during both early and
middle childhood.»
Third, we investigated whether interpersonal difficulties
during middle adolescence were associated with risk for suicide attempts
during late adolescence or early adulthood after maladaptive
parenting or abuse
during childhood or early adolescence was controlled statistically.
Moderation hypotheses were tested by investigating whether the statistical interaction of maladaptive
parenting or abuse
during childhood or early adolescence and interpersonal difficulties
during middle adolescence predicted suicide attempts
during late adolescence or early adulthood.
Associations between (1) elevated maladaptive
parenting or abuse
during childhood or early adolescence and elevated relationship difficulties
during middle adolescence; (2) elevated maladaptive
parenting or abuse
during childhood or early adolescence and suicide attempts
during late adolescence or early adulthood, controlling for elevated relationship difficulties
during middle adolescence; and (3) elevated relationship difficulties
during middle adolescence and suicide attempts
during late adolescence or early adulthood, controlling for maladaptive
parenting or abuse
during childhood or early adolescence.
Profound interpersonal difficulties
during middle adolescence mediated the association between maladaptive
parenting or
childhood maltreatment and suicide attempts
during late adolescence or early adulthood.
Logistic regression analyses were conducted to investigate the mediation hypotheses, using an established 3 - step procedure.48 First, we investigated whether there was a significant bivariate association between a high level of maladaptive
parenting (operationally defined as ≥ 3 maladaptive
parenting behaviors) or abuse
during childhood or early adolescence (by a mean age of 14 years) and risk for suicide attempts
during late adolescence or early adulthood (reported at a mean age of 22 years) and whether the magnitude of this association was reduced when interpersonal difficulties
during middle adolescence (reported at a mean age of 16 years) were controlled statistically.
Twenty (87 %) of the young adults who reported suicide attempts had experienced a high level of maladaptive
parenting or abuse
during childhood and / or a high level of interpersonal difficulties
during middle adolescence.
Results Maladaptive
parenting and
childhood maltreatment were associated with an elevated risk for interpersonal difficulties
during middle adolescence and for suicide attempts
during late adolescence or early adulthood after age, sex, psychiatric symptoms
during childhood and early adolescence, and parental psychiatric symptoms were controlled statistically.
The principal finding of the present study is that interpersonal difficulties
during middle adolescence mediated the association between maladaptive
parenting or abuse
during childhood or early adolescence and suicide attempts
during early adulthood.
Third, a high level of interpersonal difficulties
during middle adolescence was significantly associated with risk for suicide attempts
during late adolescence or early adulthood after maladaptive
parenting or abuse
during childhood or early adolescence was controlled statistically (Table 4 and Figure 1).
Interpersonal difficulties
during middle adolescence mediated the association between maladaptive
parenting or abuse
during childhood or early adolescence and suicide attempts
during adolescence or early adulthood.
Maladaptive
parenting and
childhood maltreatment were associated with an elevated risk for interpersonal difficulties
during middle adolescence and for suicide attempts
during late adolescence or early adulthood after age, sex, psychiatric symptoms
during childhood and early adolescence, and parental psychiatric symptoms were controlled statistically.
The
parenting styles that first become apparent
during the preschool years continue to influence development across
middle childhood.
Generally speaking, children whose
parents are both responsive and demanding continue to thrive psychologically and socially
during the
middle childhood years.