According to a 2011 report by the UN Environment Programme (UNEP),
pollination by bees and other insects contributed about 153 billion euros ($ 204 billion), or 9.5 percent, of the total global value of food production.
From tomatoes to pumpkins, most fruit and vegetable crops rely on
pollination by bees and other insect species — and the future of many of those species is uncertain.
Pollination by bees led to 39 % higher sales value than wind pollination and 54 % higher than selfing.
Previous studies have shown that
pollination by bees yields firmer melons and cucumbers and higher sugar content in a few fruits.
Not exact matches
As Dave Hackenburg, who runs an industrial
pollination services company in Pennsylvania, says, «If you start shortening lives of
bees, just
by a few days, young
bees have to go to the field earlier, and the whole thing gets messed up.»
Some well - intentioned vegans overlook the use of honey because of the widely spread myth that honey and
bee products are all - natural
by - products of the necessary
pollination of our food crops.
A promising study published last autumn
by ecologists Sarah Greenleaf of the University of California at Davis and Claire Kremen of the University of California at Berkeley found that the presence of wild
bees increases the efficiency of sunflower
pollination fivefold.
They found that the factors that most greatly accelerated the formation of new species were life in extensive mountain ranges (like the Andes and New Guinea Highlands); the evolution of epiphytism (life in the trees);
pollination by orchid
bees, moths, or butterflies; and origin of pollinia (packages of hundreds to thousands of pollen grains dispersed as a unit).
Her current work examines which
bee species are most vulnerable to human disturbance, and explores in more detail whether both rare native
bees and efficient
pollination services can be restored
by increasing the diversity of flowering plants.
Instead, he was taken aback
by the sixfold increase in the growth rate of crops that depend on domesticated
bees for
pollination.
Pollination by honey
bees and wild
bees helps prevent deformities and other problems in strawberries.
But those same chemical defenses can reduce the number of visits to the plant
by pollinators such as
bees, resulting in less
pollination of individual plants and decreased growth.
One third of our food is dependent on the
pollination of fruits, nuts and vegetables
by bees and other insects.
«
Pollination mystery unlocked
by bee researchers.»
Honey
bees carry out fundamentally vital roles in nature
by providing essential ecosystem functions, including global
pollination of crops and native plants.
More than 94 percent of flowering tropical plants and 75 percent of the world's leading food crops require
pollination by animals such as
bees, bats and hummingbirds.
In standard forms of
pollination,
bees collect pollen
by simply brushing it off plants» anthers.
The shift from
bee to hawkmoth
pollination in some Petunia species after their divergence from P. inflata was accompanied
by a mutation in MYB - FL that greatly increased the levels of a major class of UV - absorbing compounds in the flower.
The work re-ignites arguments to ban neonics, and certainly comparable studies are now need on other pollinator species given that honey
bees are
by no means the contributor to crop
pollination.»
On average, only 2 % of wild
bee species were responsible for 80 % of the
pollination visits witnessed
by researchers around the world, according to a study published Tuesday in the journal Nature Communications.
Hive Culture presents diverse works
by 18 contemporary artists who are preoccupied with the pivotal role that
bees play in
pollination, environmental health and our changing relationship to nature.
A good example is the
pollination of plants
by bees and birds and other species, a service which may be negatively affected
by climate change.
In Mexico, where vanilla originated, the
pollination is done
by native
bees, but Madagascar lacks these little helpers.
The second place prize went to YT AG, a system for monitoring the health of
bee hives used
by the commercial
pollination industry that ambitiously includes hardware, software and a premium AI component.