Not exact matches
In other words, measures of
psychological adjustment correlated positively with each other as did indicators of
psychological maladjustment, and negative relationships appeared between these two types of
variables.
The primary constructs within the hypothesized framework are: (1) social position
variables — characteristics that are used within societies to hierarchically stratify groups (race, gender, socioeconomic status); (2) parenting
variables — familial mechanisms that may influence African American adolescents well - being, perceptions of competence, and attitudes towards others in various contexts (e.g., parenting practices and racial socialization messages); (3) racial discrimination — negative racially driven experiences that may influence feelings of competence, belongingness, and self - worth; (4) environmental / contextual factors — settings and surroundings that may impede or promote healthy identity development (e.g., academic settings); and (5) learner characteristics — individual characteristics that may promote or hinder positive
psychological adjustment outcomes (e.g., racial identity, coping styles).
Since individual protective factors are a meaningful
variables for
psychological adjustment, we are interested to know the extent to which family
variables (i.e., parental bonding and PA) and an individual
variable (self - esteem) could predict
psychological distress in adulthood.
The most robust studies are those that used longitudinal designs and controlled for time 1 levels of distress or well - being before examining the predictive effect of time 1 psychosocial
variables on time 2
psychological adjustment.
A total of 89 significant associations between psychosocial
variables and
psychological adjustment outcome were reported.
Three of these studies reported that none of their psychosocial
variables were significant predictors of subsequent
psychological adjustment after existing distress levels were controlled for (Newton et al., 1990; Fisher et al., 2008; Verhaak et al., 2010).