Sorry for the lack of citations, but I am only recalling what I was told when I was trying to understand why Fraser
River sockeye were showing up much later than usual and similar in timing to El Nino years.
[41] Salmon runs of particular note are the Skeena and Nass river runs, and the most famous is the Fraser
River sockeye run.
The large number of missing Fraser
River sockeye in 2009 prompted a Canadian federal judicial inquiry into the matter, the Cohen Commission.
Led by Fisheries and Oceans Canada, a team of scientists tracked returning Fraser
River sockeye to see whether the genetic activity of those that successfully spawned differed from the activity of those that perished prematurely en route.
Likewise, the Fraser
River sockeye are met with sewage outflows from Vancouver at the river's mouth in the Strait of Georgia.
Not exact matches
Each year four - year - old
sockeye swim up the Fraser
River in a spectacular bid to return to the freshwater streams where they hatched four years earlier.
By midsummer, low stream flows and warm water had killed half the annual
sockeye salmon breeding run in the Columbia
River.
Scientists at the University of Washington in Seattle's (U.W.) School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences think they know why Bristol Bay is so productive year after year: Several hundred discrete populations of
sockeye salmon inhabit the network of
rivers and lakes that empty into the bay, and this tremendous population diversity buffers the entire fishery against the vicissitudes of the environment.
And just to underscore how little scientists understood of the fish, the
sockeye run in 2010 was a once - in - a-century bonanza, with 34 million fish flooding the
river.
But the industrialized motif of North America's longest dam - free
river belies a rare natural treasure: a
sockeye salmon run with a historical average of eight million fish worth over $ 1 billion.
The Canadian Department of Fisheries and Oceans also has to juggle an immense number of stakeholders and their needs when managing the Fraser
sockeye: coastal fisheries with different gear types, the in -
river First Nations harvest, and one of the largest recreational fisheries in Canada.
Dolly Varden trout, perhaps the lesser - known cousin of Alaska's famous
sockeye salmon, are abundant in the relatively untouched Alec and Chignik
rivers of the Alaska Peninsula.
Every summer,
sockeye also spawn by the hundreds of thousands here, and an excess of salmon eggs is left floating in the
rivers or collecting in clusters along the bank.
Not all of the Fraser
River's salmon swim as far as the Chilko
sockeye.
The Chilko
sockeye may do okay, but the Weaver
sockeye will likely have a much harder time surviving if the
river continues to warm.
The Weaver
sockeye, which spawns downstream of the
river's big series of rapids, collapsed in water above 21 °C.
Another benefit of Kamchatka's isolation is protection for populations of chum,
sockeye, chinook, coho and pink salmon, which return by the millions to spawn in Kamchatka's
rivers.
In the fall, a million
sockeye salmon journey up the
river to spawn, and dozens of grizzly bears come to its banks to dine before winter.
Grizzlies flock to the park's Brooks
River in summer to fish for
sockeye salmon on their spawning run inland from the Bering Sea, a spectacle that humans can view and photograph from elevated wooden platforms.
They can be seen at Brooks
River and even more so at Brooks Falls in Katmai National Park catching
sockeye salmon in June and July and silver salmon in late August and September.
Every four years, the Adams
River run peaks, as millions of
sockeyes crowd upstream between late - September and late - October.
Each autumn, the world's most concentrated
sockeye salmon run flows up Canada's 7.5 - mile - long Adams
River in British Columbia.
Fishing is a year - round passion in Campbell
River, with anglers hooking Chinook salmon 12 months of the year and four other varieties — coho, pink, chum and
sockeye — from May to November.
Guests fish for king salmon and silver salmon, and also catch chum, pink, and
sockeye salmon, rainbow trout and Dolly Varden on Fishtale's Little Susitna
River and Deshka
River charter boat trips.
The first large waves of
sockeye usually enter Brooks
River in late June.
34,000,000
sockeye are swimming the cove on their way to the Fraser
River.
Anglers — and foodies — know all about delicious Copper
River red salmon, and
sockeye, coho, and king salmon can be plucked from the braided Copper
River every summer.
The Alaska Department of Fish and Game carefully manages the Bristol Bay
sockeye salmon fishery to ensure that enough fish are allowed to escape the fishery and run up
river to sustain the population.
Ted became a welcome sight for visitors and rangers alike — most bears leave the Brooks
River by July's end, as the sleek
sockeye migrate upriver into Lake Brooks.
The peak of the
sockeye salmon run in the Naknek
River watershed, which the Brooks
River is part of, is in early July.
The Fraser
River of Canada has runs at least four times larger, plus millions more of
sockeye and other salmon species.
Why is the Tidal Fraser
River not open for pink salmon when incidental by - catches of
sockeye salmon are unheard of due to the specific fishing techniques being employed for pink salmon?
An example may be helpful: I was at a workshop regarding Late - run
sockeye on the Fraser
River where different research approaches were being discussed.
What emerged was a trend showing
sockeye - salmon declines on the Fraser
River were not unique and were happening on a wider scale and much farther north than originally anticipated.
In the US, the populations of
sockeye salmon in Snake
River (Idaho, Oregon and Washington area) and in Lake Ozette, Washington, are listed under the Endangered Species Act as endangered and threatened (respectively).