Hence, 10 articles and data sources provided reliable national - level estimates of sugars and
SSB intake (Supplemental Figure 1).
In contrast to SSBs, reported energy intakes from alcoholic beverages and confectionery increased, which suggested that the decrease in
SSB intake may have been real rather than underreported.
Therefore, it is reasonable to assume that a reduction of added sugars or
SSB intake would lower the prevalences of obesity and chronic disease that are related to excess body fat as has been modeled by several groups (11, 12).
Although obesity has risen steeply in Australia, some evidence suggests that added - sugars and
SSB intakes have declined over the same time frame.
Not exact matches
Prespecified outcomes were estimates of
intake of total sugars, added or refined sugars, and sugars in
SSBs in absolute amounts, percentages of energy, and percentages of total sugars.
Mean changes in energy
intake and sugars that were contributed by
SSBs according to national surveys and industry sources, respectively.
A second source of national - level data on
intake of
SSBs in children was an analysis of the 2007 Australian Children's Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (33), which was a computer - assisted 24 - h dietary recall survey of 4400 nationally representative children aged 2 — 16 y. On the day of the survey, 47 % of children reported having consumed
SSBs, which was similar to the percentage that was reported in the 2011 — 2012 survey.
Over a time frame of > 30 y, downward trends in the availability of sugars and sweeteners, reported
intake of energy in the form of added sugars and
SSBs, and industry data on sugar contributions to
SSBs have been paralleled by a sustained rise in the prevalence of obesity and its comorbidities (42).
Conclusions: In Australia, 4 independent data sets confirmed shorter - and longer - term declines in the availability and
intake of added sugars, including those contributed by
SSBs.
Therefore, the overall downward trends in the availability of refined sugars and estimated
intakes of added sugars and
SSBs are at odds with an incremental weight gain in the population as a whole.
Changes in
intake of total and added sugars,
SSBs, sugary products, confectionery, and alcoholic beverages in Australian adults and children according to national dietary surveys in 1995 and 2011 — 20121
In conclusion, our analysis suggests that Australians have adopted dietary recommendations to limit
intake of refined sugars by reducing
intakes of
SSBs, discretionary sugars, and sugary products.
Compared with our 2011 article (15), the current analysis provides novel data on changes in recorded
intakes of total sugars, added sugars,
SSB, carbonated soft drinks, juices, confectionery, and alcohol in Australian adults and children between the 2 most recent national dietary surveys.
The contribution of
SSB plus 100 % juice to energy
intake also declined 10 % in adult men (from 5.1 % to 4.6 % of energy) and 20 % in women aged ≥ 19 y (from 4.4 % to 3.5 % of energy)(Table 1).
The labeling of added sugars and taxes on
SSBs have been recommended as part of the efforts to reduce
intake (13, 14).
In the current study, we provide novel data on changes in the availability of added and refined sugars and in recorded
intakes of total sugars, added sugars,
SSB, carbonated soft drinks, juices, confectionery, and alcohol consumption in Australian adults and children between the 2 most recent national dietary surveys in 1995 and 2011 — 2012.
Objective: We investigated recent trends in the availability of sugars and sweeteners and changes in
intakes of total sugars, added sugars, and
SSBs in Australia by using multiple, independent data sources.
The authors say: «We observed a high consumption of
SSBs to be significantly associated with lower
intakes of foods generally perceived as healthy; the largest
intake differences between high and low consumers of
SSBs were seen for fruits, vegetables, yoghurt, breakfast cereals, fibre rich bread and fish.»
As shown in Table 2, carbohydrate
intake increased in all
SSB - providing interventions, even though the increase was not significant in the MF intervention.
With regard to protein and fat
intake, a decrease was observed in the
SSB - providing interventions, even though this was not always significant (Table 2).